scholarly journals Awareness of Medical Workers with Early Diagnosis of Cognitive Disorders at the Primary Health Care Level in the Republic of Kazakhstan

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (E) ◽  
pp. 595-600
Author(s):  
Assel Tukinova ◽  
Gulnar M. Shalgumbayeva ◽  
Zhanna A. Mussabekova ◽  
Roza A. Abzalova
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Work Experience ◽  
Cognitive Disorders ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Region Of Residence ◽  
The Republic

   BACKGROUND: Early detection of cognitive impairments (CIs) has been identified as one of the most important factors for the treatment of the disease. The World Alzheimer report 2011 states that the earlier a diagnosis is known, the better patients can be treated medically, patients and their family members can adapt to the development and learn to deal with the disease. Early diagnosis also leads to higher cost-effectivity, which will further improve, when treatments and social care interventions become more effective in future. It is the first-contact doctor who becomes the main figure in identifying the patient’s cognitive disorders. AIM: This study aimed to research the awareness of medical workers with early diagnosis of cognitive disorders at the PHC level in Kazakhstan. METHODS: It was a cross-sectional study. A survey of primary healthcare workers was conducted to study the early diagnosis of CI in the elderly in the period from December 2019 to March 2020. The questionnaire was developed independently according to international finding and experiences and passed the validation process. The questionnaire included questions such as age, gender, nationality, education, specialty, work experience, conduct early diagnosis of CI or not, what methods respondents know, time available for admission for early diagnosis, desire to learn early diagnosis methods, and the region of residence. RESULTS: The total number of respondents was 823. To the question, “Do you check older patients for early cognitive impairment?” 335 (40.7%) answered “no.” To the question “Do you have time to use methods for the early diagnosis of cognitive impairment in the elderly during admission?” “no” – 354 (43%). To the question “Would you like to learn methods for the early diagnosis of cognitive impairment in the elderly?” The answer was “yes” 759 (92.2%) of respondents. This study reveals that the presence of time during admission, the region of residence, and the desire to study affect whether elder people check for early CI or not, in turn, specialty, education, gender, nationality, age, and work experience do not affect. We have identified a relationship of age, region of residence with the availability of time during admission to use methods for early diagnosis of CI, while it was absent with work experience. The region of residence, the availability of time during admission, and education influenced the respondents’ desire to learn early diagnosis methods, while age and work experience did not. CONCLUSION: The problem of early diagnosis of CI in the elderly at the PHC level is relevant and not fully understood. Early detection of CI at the PHC level is a key element in the fight against such a serious condition as dementia.

Elderly patients with cognitive impairments on an ambulance care

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 19-27
Author(s):  
Tatiana Andreevna Bogdanova ◽  
Anna V. Turusheva ◽  
Elena V. Frolova ◽  
Dmitriy L. Logunov
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Memory Impairment ◽  
Complete Blood Count ◽  
Beta Blockers ◽  
Blood Pressure Measurement ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Cognitive Disorders ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Global Cognition

BACKGROUND: Cognitive impairment is one of the most common geriatric syndromes that occur in the elderly. Dementia is a severe cognitive disorder that results in the professional, social, and functional impairment and gradual loss of independence. However, in most cases, the stage of dementia is preceded by a long period of non-dementia cognitive impairment. In this regard, one of the priorities of public health is to identify potentially reversible forms of dementia and cognitive impairment in the early stages. AIM: To assess demographic characteristics, co-morbidities and factors that are associated with cognitive impairment in adults aged 65 years and over and to determine the prevalence of cognitive disorders in aging population. MATERIALS AND METHODS: cross-sectional study included all patients aged 65 years and older who attended the ambulance care from 24.10.2019 to 15.12.2019 in Saint Petersburg. Measurements: the Montreal cognitive assessment test, the 15-item Geriatric Depression Scale. Data collection included a full medical history, blood pressure measurement, a medication review and blood tests (complete blood count, lipids, hormones, glucose, ALT, AST and creatinine). RESULTS: The prevalence of mild cognitive impairment was 62.9 % (95 % CI 56-70), severe cognitive impairment 8.2 %. We detected that hypertension, stroke, sleep disorders, subjective memory complaints and symptoms of depression were identified as factors associated with CI after adjustment for covariates. Hypertension and depression were related with cognitive impairment (p 0.05). Also patients with depression scored worse in global cognition and attention function (p 0.05). Patients with diabetes had association with a decrease in abstraction function (p = 0.02). Low hemoglobin levels were related with poor global cognition and memory impairment (p 0.01). Beta-blocker use was significantly associated with poor global cognition and memory impairment (p 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: We found that elders have a high prevalence of cognitive disorders. We also demonstrated association between co-morbidities and factors as hypertension, anemia, diabetes, depression and administration of beta-blockers with poor cognitive performance in the elderly.

scholarly journals Impact of cognitive performance on the functional capacity of an elderly population in Natal, Brazil

2008 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 809-813 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keithlen Cruz Moreira de Castro ◽  
Ricardo Oliveira Guerra
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Functional Capacity ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
Population Sample ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Elderly Persons ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
State Examination

Functional incapacity and cognitive impairment are conditions related to the process of human aging. Cognitive impairment is considered an important predicitve factor for functional impairment in elderly populations. This cross-sectional study analyzes the association between cognitive performance and functional capacity in an elderly population sample in Natal, Brazil. A total of 213 elderly persons were assessed by the BOAS Multidimensional Questionnaire (Brazil Old Age Schedule) and the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). The results of multivariate analysis and linear regression showed that age and schooling level are factors associated with cognitive performance in the elderly of this study. The final explicative model, elaborated by logistic regression, found that cognitive performance was the only predicitve variable of functional incapacity for the activities of daily living even when adjusted for sociodemographic variables.

scholarly journals Cluster analysis to identify elderly people's profiles: a healthcare strategy based on frailty characteristics

2014 ◽  
Vol 132 (4) ◽  
pp. 224-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
André Fattori ◽  
Ivan Mazivieiro Oliveira ◽  
Rosalia Matera de Angelis Alves ◽  
Maria Elena Guariento
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Functional Performance ◽  
Functional Dependence ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cognitive Capacity ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Analysis Strategy ◽  
Specific Care

CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVES: The new social panorama resulting from aging of the Brazilian population is leading to significant transformations within healthcare. Through the cluster analysis strategy, it was sought to describe the specific care demands of the elderly population, using frailty components.DESIGN AND SETTING: Cross-sectional study based on reviewing medical records, conducted in the geriatric outpatient clinic, Hospital de Clínicas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (Unicamp).METHODS: Ninety-eight elderly users of this clinic were evaluated using cluster analysis and instruments for assessing their overall geriatric status and frailty characteristics.RESULTS: The variables that most strongly influenced the formation of clusters were age, functional capacities, cognitive capacity, presence of comorbidities and number of medications used. Three main groups of elderly people could be identified: one with good cognitive and functional performance but with high prevalence of comorbidities (mean age 77.9 years, cognitive impairment in 28.6% and mean of 7.4 comorbidities); a second with more advanced age, greater cognitive impairment and greater dependence (mean age 88.5 years old, cognitive impairment in 84.6% and mean of 7.1 comorbidities); and a third younger group with poor cognitive performance and greater number of comorbidities but functionally independent (mean age 78.5 years old, cognitive impairment in 89.6% and mean of 7.4 comorbidities).CONCLUSION: These data characterize the profile of this population and can be used as the basis for developing efficient strategies aimed at diminishing functional dependence, poor self-rated health and impaired quality of life.

scholarly journals Level of anxiety caused by the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic among dentists in Poland.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ewa Rusyan ◽  
Agnieszka Mielczarek ◽  
Agnieszka Kapała ◽  
Kamil Adamczyk ◽  
Robert Piec ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Work Experience ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Physical Symptoms ◽  
Morbidity Rate ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Morbidity Rate

Abstract Background: The early information on both the speed and high morbidity rate and, above all, mortality, triggered the symptoms of COVID-19-related panic and anxiety. Dentists were listed in the top five professions with the highest risk of transmission of the virus. The paper aimed to assess the level of anxiety among dentists in Poland. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted via an online survey questionnaire. The study used a tool developed by the team of Ahorsu et al. The COVID-19 Fear Scale (FCV-19S) translated into the Polish language. The online questionnaire was completed by 356 dentists. Results: In the studied population of dentists, the perceived level of anxiety associated with COVID -19 should be considered relatively low. Both gender and work experience had no significant impact on their level. When the respondents had children, lived with the elderly, or looked after them the observed level of anxiety was higher and physical symptoms such as sweating palms and increased heart rate occurred.Conclusion: Despite the high risk of infection, the tested low level of anxiety among dentists is a positive predictor of the appropriate level of medical services provided by this group of doctors.

scholarly journals Functioning and Cognition of Portuguese Older Adults Attending in Residential Homes and Day Centers: A Comparative Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (13) ◽  
pp. 7030
Author(s):  
Manuel José Lopes ◽  
Lara Guedes de Pinho ◽  
César Fonseca ◽  
Margarida Goes ◽  
Henrique Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Residential Homes ◽  
Core Set ◽  
Functional Problem ◽  
State Examination

The functioning and cognition of older adults can be influenced by different care contexts. We aimed to compare the functioning profiles and cognition of institutionalized and noninstitutionalized older adults and to evaluate the effect of sociodemographic factors on the functioning and cognition. This is a cross-sectional study that included 593 older adults. The data were collected using the Elderly Nursing Core Set and Mini Mental State Examination. Women, older adults who did not attend school and those live in Residential Homes are more likely to have a higher degree of cognitive impairment than men, those who attended school and those frequent Day Centre. The chances of an older adult with moderate or severe cognitive impairment increases with age. Older women, older adults who did not attend school, and older adults who live in Residential Homes had a higher degree of functional problem than men, those who attended school and those who frequent a Day Centre, independently to age. It is necessary to promote the health literacy of older adults throughout life. The implementation of social and health responses should allow older adults to remain in their homes, given the influence of functioning and cognition on self-care and quality of life.

scholarly journals The Elderly Nursing Core Set and the cognition of Portuguese older adults: a cross-sectional study

BMC Nursing ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
César Fonseca ◽  
Lara Guedes de Pinho ◽  
Manuel José Lopes ◽  
Maria do Céu Marques ◽  
José Garcia-Alonso
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Highly Qualified ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Functional Profile ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Core Set ◽  
Epidemiological Profile

Abstract Background The aging population and its associated health needs require specific nursing care. The aim of this study was to draw an epidemiological profile of Portuguese elderly adults attending in residential homes and day centers and to evaluate the association between the functioning and cognition of these older adults and their sociodemographic characteristics and presence of multimorbidity. Methods This was a cross-sectional study of 613 older adults. Functioning was assessed using the Elderly Nursing Core Set, and cognition was assessed using the Mini Mental State Examination. Descriptive and inferential analyses were performed. Results The mean age was 85.73 years; the majority of the participants were female (69.3 %), widowed (67.0 %) and over 85 years old (60.4 %). A total of 68.2 % of the sample presented multimorbidity. A total of 54.5 % had cognitive impairment, and the average functional profile was classified as “moderate difficulty”. Institutionalized older adults had more diseases than those who attended the day center. Women, those who were illiterate, those who were institutionalized and older adults who had diseases of the nervous system had a worse functional profile and greater cognitive impairment. Those with multimorbidity had a worse functional profile, and those without a spouse had greater cognitive impairment. Conclusions Given the functional and cognitive profile of older adults, it is necessary to adopt care practices focused on the rehabilitation/maintenance of self-care and affective relationships. This care must be provided by highly qualified professionals. Therefore, it is necessary to increase the ratio of nurses per older adult in these institutions.

scholarly journals Prevalence of cognitive impairment and associated factors among the elderly in Bagé, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

2013 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 880-888 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriana Winter Holz ◽  
Bruno Pereira Nunes ◽  
Elaine Thumé ◽  
Celmira Lange ◽  
Luiz Augusto Facchini
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Healthy Aging ◽  
Functional Limitation ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The City ◽  
Prevalence Ratios ◽  
State Examination

It is estimated that until 2020 the elderly will represent 13% of the total Brazilian population, and there is increasing concern about healthy aging and low rates of cognitive impairment. This cross-sectional study aimed to identify the prevalence of cognitive impairment, using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) in a sample of 1,593 elderly aged 60 years old and more who were living in the community of the city of Bagé, Southern Brazil, in 2008. The Poisson regression model was used for estimating crude and adjusted prevalence ratios; their related 95% confidence intervals and p-values lower than 0.05 were considered statistically significant. The prevalence of cognitive impairment was of 34% and statistically associated with gender (female), age (older), schooling (less educated), lower economic classes, without retirement, with depression and functional limitation. The high magnitude with increased occurrence among poor and vulnerable groups contributes to the implementation of public policies in order to improve care, prevent diseases and promote the independence and autonomy of the elderly population.

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