Phytoliths from some grasses (Poaceae) in arid lands of Xinjiang, China

Opal phytoliths, as silicon dioxide inclusions, are abundant in different parts of a plant. It is known that grasses are the most representative in this respect. The research of phytoliths, removed from 25 most common grass species in the arid and semiarid lands of the Junggar Basin and adjacent areas, has been undertaken. The visual estimation of diversity and variability of silica cells and identification of their morphological types (patterns) were also the aim of our research. Since the work is preliminary, we have emphasized on the visual estimation of silica cell variability and involved only the leaf blades in the analysis. Drawings of the revealed silica cells, characteristic of 25 species, are provided. The sig-nificant morphological diversity of phytoliths has been revealed, as well as their taxonomic similarity at the level of subfamilies. These data can be used for the identification of phytoliths from sediments.

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Micro-morphological features of achene of wild annual sunflowers

Zbornik Matice srpske za prirodne nauke ◽

10.2298/zmspn1631073l ◽

2016 ◽

pp. 73-80 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Jelena Lazarevic ◽

Jadranka Lukovic ◽

Sreten Terzic ◽

Milan Jockovic ◽

Lana Zoric ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Plant Material ◽

Morphological Diversity ◽

Apical Part ◽

Sem Analysis ◽

Vegetable Crops ◽

Trichome Density ◽

Physiological Maturity ◽

Novi Sad ◽

Micro Morphology ◽

Different Parts

The aim of this research is to characterize wild annual sunflowers on the basis of achene micro-morphology. Plant material was grown up on an experimental field of the Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops in Novi Sad during 2015. Achene samples were hand-collected at the time of physiological maturity. Morphological measurements of achenes were performed using stereoscopic microscope Leica MZ16 with Leica DFC 320 Camera. The micro-morphological diversity of achenes was assessed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Obtained results indicated the presence of some quantitative and qualitative differences in achene characteristics among analyzed species, such as in their size, color, carpopodium and stylopodium shape, and distribution of trichomes on the achene surface. The carpopodium of examined species was asymmetrical at the maturity. Differences in the cuticle and wax ornamentation in different parts of the achenes, on the anticlinal walls of epidermal cells, were identified. The SEM analysis revealed the presence of non-glandular, multicellular bi-seriate trichomes (twin hairs) on the achene surface. This trichome type consisted of two elongated, parallel cells of different length. Considering the distribution of trichomes among the apical, median and basal regions of the fruit, most of the species demonstrated greater trichome density in the apical part.

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Goosegrass: Morphophysiological Characterization Under Water Excess Conditions

Planta Daninha ◽

10.1590/s0100-83582019370100114 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 37 ◽

Author(s):

M.B. SCHERER ◽

A.B. GÖERGEN ◽

N.T. PEDROLLO ◽

J. RUBERT ◽

S.H.B. DORNELLES ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Intercellular Co2 Concentration ◽

Morphological Diversity ◽

Co2 Concentration ◽

Grass Species ◽

Water Retention Capacity ◽

Gas Exchange Parameters ◽

Retention Capacity ◽

Irrigated Rice ◽

Eleusine Indica ◽

Soil Water Conditions

ABSTRACT: Eleusine indica (L.) Gaertn. (goosegrass) is a grass species that has global prominence as a weed in areas typical of the soybean crop. However, its dispersion in recent years has been reported expressively for areas of poorly drained soil, in which irrigated rice is cultivated (lowlands). Little is known on its behavior and biology in this different ecosystem. This study aimed to evaluate if Eleusine indica can survive and withstand flooding. The experimental design was a completely randomized (two-way), in which two E. indica biotypes, one from the uplands (without flooding) and the other from the lowlands (with flooding), were submitted to three soil water conditions: 50 and 100% water retention capacity and soil under water depth. Photosynthetic and gas exchange parameters (photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, intercellular CO2 concentration, transpiration, water use efficiency, and assimilation rate by Rubisco) were determined. Morphological diversity of biotypes was evaluated through descriptors. The existence of typical lowland biotype could not be characterized. However, both biotypes were able to survive, develop, and generate seeds in a flooded environment in the irrigated rice system.

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Races of Pyrenophora tritici-repentis in the Czech Republic

Acta Agrobotanica ◽

10.5586/aa.2005.011 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 58 (1) ◽

pp. 73-78 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

J. Šárová ◽

A. Hanzalová ◽

P. Bartoš

Keyword(s):

Czech Republic ◽

Leaf Spot ◽

Tan Spot ◽

Grass Species ◽

The Czech Republic ◽

Pyrenophora Tritici Repentis ◽

Wheat Leaf ◽

Race 1 ◽

Race 4 ◽

Different Parts

Pyrenophora tritici-repentis, causal agent of tan spot, is one of the most important wheat leaf spot pathogens worldwide. The race structure of P. tritici-repentis isolates obtained from wheat (except one from noncereal grass species) in the Czech Republic was studied. The 86 monosporic isolates of P. tritici-repentis originated from different parts of the Czech Republic were grouped into five known races based on necrosis/chlorosis induction on standard differentials (Katepwa, Glenlea, 6B365, Salamouni). The isolates recovered from wheat were races 1, 2 and 4. Race 1 was the most frequent (50%), races 2 and 4 were found rarely (3% and 5% respectively). The isolate of P. tritici-repentis recovered from noncereal grass species was determined as race 4 which seems to be typical for noncereal hosts. The reaction of 30 isolates (42%) was difficult to be compared to reactions of so far identified P. tritici-repentis races. They have to be tested again on additional wheat genotypes.

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Morphological diversity and differentiation of Asian populations of pink salmon Oncorhynchus gorbuscha (Walbaum) of even generations

Rybovodstvo i rybnoe hozjajstvo (Fish Breeding and Fisheries) ◽

10.33920/sel-09-2107-02 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 22-33

Author(s):

Sergei Pavlovich Pustovoit

Keyword(s):

Pink Salmon ◽

Quantitative Description ◽

Morphological Diversity ◽

Oncorhynchus Gorbuscha ◽

External Appearance ◽

Pink Salmon Oncorhynchus Gorbuscha ◽

Asian Populations ◽

Interpopulation Variability ◽

Morphological Differences ◽

Different Parts

A morphological study of three Asian populations of pink salmon of the Ola, Bolshaya and Zhupanov rivers of adjacent even generations was carried out. For a quantitative description of the external appearance of pink salmon, a scheme of 17 measurements proposed by M.K. Glubokovsky [3] was used. On average, lower values of morphological diversity are characteristic of head measurements and fin heights, while indicators of body length and height have high indicators of morphological diversity. The hierarchical method of decomposition of morphological diversity makes it possible to find out the proportions of intrapopulation and interpopulation variability included in the total value of morphological diversity of each measurement. For females, the shares of morphological diversity averaged over all dimensions are as follows: sample — 48%, intra-annual — 19% and interpopulation — 33% share In males sample — 47%, intra-annual — 17% and interpopulation — 36% share. Thus, almost half of the total value of morphological diversity is determined by differences in morphological measurements between individuals within the sample, interpopulation differences make up one third of the total value, and the interannual share in the indicator of morphological differences is quite small. The rather high interpopulation proportion of morphological diversity indicates the possibility of using morphological measurements to distinguish populations from different parts of the range.

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Infra-specific morphological diversity in Phlomis olivieri (Labiatae)

Journal of Bio-Science ◽

10.3329/jbs.v22i0.30010 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 22 ◽

pp. 59-67 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Seyed Mehdi Talebi

Keyword(s):

Morphological Traits ◽

Ecological Factors ◽

Morphological Diversity ◽

Morphological Characters ◽

Reproductive Organs ◽

Morphological Features ◽

Variance Test ◽

Sample Test ◽

Different Populations ◽

Different Parts

Context: Compare the effect of different ecological conditions on phenotypical traits of Phlomis olivieri.Objective: To observe morphological variation between and within different populations of Phlomis olivieri Benth.Materials and Methods: Morphological characters of eleven populations of Phlomis olivieri were investigated in the both levels: between and within populations. Samples were collected from different parts of Iran and from each population, 3 to 4 samples were elected randomly and sixteen quantitative and qualitative morphological traits from the both vegetative and reproductive organs were examined.Results: Analysis of variance test as well as one-sample test confirmed significant variations for quantitative morphological traits. Morphological features varied between populations, consequently populations were separated from each other in the UPGMA tree and also PCO and PCA plots, among these, populations K, A, D and B placed far from others. Some degrees of polymorphism in morphological traits occurred within populations and individuals of each stand separated from others.Conclusion: This study showed that ecological factors had strong effect on morphological features of different populations of same plant species. This phenomenon was called phenotypic plasticity which created infraspecific variations at both levels interpopulation and intrapopulation or morphological polymorphism among populations.J. bio-sci. 22: 59-67, 2014

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Arid and semiarid land stewardship: A 10-year review of accomplishments and contributions of the lnternational Arid Lands Consortium

10.2737/rmrs-gtr-89 ◽

2001 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Peter F. Ffolliott ◽

Jeffrey O. Dawson ◽

James T. Fisher ◽

Itshack Moshe ◽

Darrell W. DeBoers ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Arid Lands ◽

Land Stewardship ◽

Semiarid Land ◽

Arid And Semiarid

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A preliminary survey of seed input into fallow fields in Saskatchewan

Canadian Journal of Botany ◽

10.1139/b83-129 ◽

1983 ◽

Vol 61 (4) ◽

pp. 1216-1221 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

O. W. Archibold ◽

L. Hume

Keyword(s):

Tree Species ◽

Seedling Emergence ◽

Grass Species ◽

Soil Cores ◽

Weed Communities ◽

Buried Seed ◽

Seed Reserves ◽

Viable Seeds ◽

Summer Fallow ◽

Different Parts

Seed traps were installed in 10 summer fallow sites across Saskatchewan to monitor annual additions to buried seed populations. Soil cores (7.5 cm deep) were also collected at these sites and tested for viable seeds through seedling emergence under greenhouse conditions. Seedlings of 33 forb species, 5 grass species, and 3 tree species emerged from the traps, whereas seedlings of 28 forb species, 4 grass species, and 1 tree species emerged from the cores. Although the nature of seed input for agricultural sites in different parts of Saskatchewan was highly variable, the annual seed rain onto fallow represented an important supplement to the buried seed reserves and would be an influence on subsequent weed communities in cultivated fields.

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