scholarly journals Races of Pyrenophora tritici-repentis in the Czech Republic

2012 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Šárová ◽  
A. Hanzalová ◽  
P. Bartoš
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Leaf Spot ◽  
Tan Spot ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Pyrenophora Tritici Repentis ◽  
Wheat Leaf ◽  
Race 1 ◽  
Race 4 ◽  
Different Parts

<i>Pyrenophora tritici</i>-<i>repentis</i>, causal agent of tan spot, is one of the most important wheat leaf spot pathogens worldwide. The race structure of <i>P. tritici</i>-<i>repentis</i> isolates obtained from wheat (except one from noncereal grass species) in the Czech Republic was studied. The 86 monosporic isolates of <i>P. tritici</i>-<i>repentis</i> originated from different parts of the Czech Republic were grouped into five known races based on necrosis/chlorosis induction on standard differentials (Katepwa, Glenlea, 6B365, Salamouni). The isolates recovered from wheat were races 1, 2 and 4. Race 1 was the most frequent (50%), races 2 and 4 were found rarely (3% and 5% respectively). The isolate of <i>P. tritici</i>-<i>repentis</i> recovered from noncereal grass species was determined as race 4 which seems to be typical for noncereal hosts. The reaction of 30 isolates (42%) was difficult to be compared to reactions of so far identified <i>P. tritici</i>-<i>repentis</i> races. They have to be tested again on additional wheat genotypes.

scholarly journals Physiologic Specialization of Wheat Leaf Rust (Puccinia triticina Eriks.) in theCzech Republic in 2001–2004

2011 ◽  
Vol 42 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 126-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Hanzalová ◽  
P. Bartoš
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Leaf Rust ◽  
Puccinia Triticina ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Wheat Leaf Rust ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Wheat Leaf ◽  
Winter Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Physiologic Races ◽  
Different Parts

In 2001&ndash;2004 virulence of the wheat leaf rust population in the Czech Republic was studied on Thatcher near-isogenic lines with Lr1, Lr2a, Lr2b, Lr2c, Lr3a, Lr9, Lr10, Lr11, Lr15, Lr17, Lr19, Lr21, Lr23, Lr24, Lr26 and Lr28. Samples of leaf rust (180 in total) were obtained from different parts of the Czech Republic. Resistance genes Lr9 and Lr19 were effective to all tested isolates like in the previous years. Unlike the previous years virulence on Lr24 and Lr28 was observed. Relatively effective were also Lr1, Lr2a, Lr24, Lr28 and Lr2b. Other Lr genes were defeated by the majority of the tested samples. Our results transformed to the numbers of physiologic races indicate that race 61SaBa prevailed like in the previous years, followed by races 61, 2, 12SaBa, 2SaBa, 14, 77SaBa, 12, 57, 6, 53, 53SaBa, 77, and 14SaBa. Twenty-one winter wheat cultivars registered in 2001&ndash;2004 were tested with 8 leaf rust isolates. Out of them 15 showed resistance at least to one rust isolate. High resistance recorded in field trials for cvs Batis and Ilias, which were susceptible to all tested rust isolates at the seedling stage, demonstrates the importance of field (partial) resistance. &nbsp;

Incidence of wheat leaf spot pathogens in the Czech Republic

2003 ◽  
Vol 31 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 145-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jana Šárová ◽  
Alena Hanzalová ◽  
Pavel Bartoš
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Leaf Spot ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Wheat Leaf

scholarly journals Pathotypes of wheat leaf rust (Puccinia triticina Eriks.) and resistance of registered cultivars in the Czech Republic in 2012–2015

2017 ◽  
Vol 53 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 122-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Hanzalová ◽  
P. Bartoš ◽  
T. Sumíková
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Leaf Rust ◽  
Puccinia Triticina ◽  
Near Isogenic Lines ◽  
Wheat Leaf Rust ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Wheat Leaf ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Different Parts

In 2012–2015 the virulence of the wheat leaf rust (Puccinia triticina Eriks.) population was studied on Thatcher near-isogenic lines with Lr1, Lr2a, Lr2b, Lr2c, Lr3a, Lr9, Lr10, Lr11, Lr13, Lr15, Lr17, Lr19, Lr21, Lr23, Lr24, Lr26 and Lr28. Samples of leaf rust were obtained from different parts of the Czech Republic. A total of 163 wheat leaf rust isolates were analysed. No virulence for the resistance gene Lr9 was found. Virulence for Lr19 was found only in one isolate in 2015. A lower frequency of virulence to Lr24, Lr2a, 2b, 2c and Lr28 was also observed. The presence of Lr10, Lr24, Lr26, Lr28 and Lr37 in registered cultivars was detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) molecular markers.

scholarly journals Physiological specialization of wheat leaf rust (Puccinia triticina Eriks.) in the Czech Republic in 2009–2011

2013 ◽  
Vol 49 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 103-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Hanzalová ◽  
P. Bartoš ◽  
T. Sumíková
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Leaf Rust ◽  
Puccinia Triticina ◽  
Wheat Leaf Rust ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Wheat Leaf ◽  
Winter Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Yield Trials ◽  
Different Parts

In 2009&ndash;2011 virulence of the wheat leaf rust population was studied on Thatcher near isogenic lines with Lr1, Lr2a, Lr2b, Lr2c, Lr3a, Lr9, Lr11, Lr13, Lr15, Lr17, Lr19, Lr21, Lr23, Lr24, Lr26 and Lr28. Samples of leaf rust were obtained in different parts of the Czech Republic. A total of 164 wheat leaf rust isolates were analysed. Resistance gene Lr9 was effective to 98% of all tested isolates. No virulence to Lr19 was found. Gene Lr24 was effective to 93% of isolates. A lower frequency of virulence to Lr2a, Lr2b and Lr28 was also observed. Recently registered cultivars were tested with six older and five most widespread leaf rust pathotypes at present. Winter wheat cultivars Carroll and Citrus were resistant to all tested older pathotypes at the seedling stage and they were also resistant to almost all pathotypes widespread at present. They displayed resistance also in official yield trials. Genes Lr34, Lr37, Lr10, Lr24 were determined in the tested cultivars by molecular markers.

scholarly journals Spiders of the Vine Plants in Southern Moravia

2015 ◽  
Vol 63 (5) ◽  
pp. 1471-1476
Author(s):  
Lucie Havlová ◽  
Vladimír Hula ◽  
Jana Niedobová
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Soil Management ◽  
Common Species ◽  
Red List ◽  
The Other ◽  
Important Species ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Spider Species ◽  
Southern Moravia ◽  
Different Parts

Araneofauna of vineyards is relatively known in Central Europe but we have a lack of knowledge about araneofauna which occur directly on the vine plants. Our investigation was focused on spiders which live on vine plants, especially on the vine plants trunks. We investigated spiders in six vineyards in southern Moravia (Šatov, Mikulov, Popice, Morkůvky, Nosislav and Blučina). Vineyards were under different soil management, traps were placed on different parts of particular locality (terraced and plain) and all localities were under integrated pest management. We employed two types of cardboard traps for spider collecting during whole vegetation season. Altogether, we collected 21 spider species which belong to seven families. The most important species was Marpissa nivoyi (Lucas, 1836), which is mentioned in the Red List as vulnerable (VU) and Sibianor tantulus (Simon, 1868) which had unknown distribution in the Czech Republic. The other very interesting result is that the most common species is myrmecomorph Synageles venator (Lucas, 1836), which is scarcely recorded in such huge numbers as we documented in our study.

scholarly journals Characterizing Virulence of the Pyrenophora tritici-repentis Isolates Lacking Both ToxA and ToxB Genes

Pathogens ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingwei Guo ◽  
Gongjun Shi ◽  
Zhaohui Liu
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Tan Spot ◽  
Pyrenophora Tritici Repentis ◽  
Tan Spot Disease ◽  
Hard Red Winter Wheat ◽  
Winter Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Race 2 ◽  
Genomic Regions ◽  
Race 4 ◽  
Necrotrophic Effectors

The fungus Pyrenophora tritici-repentis (Ptr) causes tan spot of wheat crops, which is an important disease worldwide. Based on the production of the three known necrotrophic effectors (NEs), the fungal isolates are classified into eight races with race 4 producing no known NEs. From a laboratory cross between 86–124 (race 2 carrying the ToxA gene for the production of Ptr ToxA) and DW5 (race 5 carrying the ToxB gene for the production of Ptr ToxB), we have obtained some Ptr isolates lacking both the ToxA and ToxB genes, which, by definition, should be classified as race 4. In this work, we characterized virulence of two of these isolates called B16 and B17 by inoculating them onto various common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and durum (T. turgidum L.) genotypes. It was found that the two isolates still caused disease on some genotypes of both common and durum wheat. Disease evaluations were also conducted in recombinant inbred line populations derived from two hard red winter wheat cultivars: Harry and Wesley. QTL mapping in this population revealed that three genomic regions were significantly associated with disease, which are different from the three known NE sensitivity loci. This result further indicates the existence of other NE-host sensitivity gene interactions in the wheat tan spot disease system.

scholarly journals Forecasting system for infection risk of phoma stem canker in selected regions of the Czech Republic in 2009–2011 

2014 ◽  
Vol 50 (No. 1) ◽  
pp. 8-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Poslušná ◽  
E. Plachká
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Leaf Spot ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Stem Canker ◽  
Infection Risk ◽  
Risk Of Infection ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Phoma Stem Canker ◽  
Ascospore Release ◽  
Forecasting System

In the period 2009&ndash;2011 monitoring of the incidence of phoma stem canker was carried out at selected sites of the Czech Republic (&Scaron;umperk and Opava regions in North Moravia). The risk of infection was evaluated by assessing the autumn release of&nbsp;Leptosphaeria&nbsp;spp. ascospores and with the proPlant prediction model. In recent years, the incidence of phoma stem canker has been relatively low and this corresponded with the total count of ascospores released in the autumn period but not with an increased level of infection risk announced by the proPlant model. During the monitored period the ascospore concentration reached maximally 2 ascospores/1 m<sup>3</sup>&nbsp;per day. Maximum ascospore release was recorded in 2010 as a result of favourable weather conditions. The first incidence of phoma leaf spot has been observed in mid-October. The higher values of ascospores concentration were recorded in the Opava region, but the total number of the trapped ascospores was more often higher in the &Scaron;umperk region.&nbsp;

scholarly journals Occurrence of rust disease caused by Puccinia oxalidis on Oxalis triangularis in the Czech Republic – Short Communication 

2014 ◽  
Vol 50 (No. 1) ◽  
pp. 17-18
Author(s):  
I. Šafránková
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Leaf Spot ◽  
Short Communication ◽  
Rust Disease ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
First Report ◽  
Microscopic Features

This is the first report of&nbsp;Puccinia oxalidis&nbsp;causing leaf spot diseases on ornamental&nbsp;Oxalis triangularis&nbsp;subsp.&nbsp;papilionaceae&nbsp;cv. Atropurpurea in Moravia, Czech Republic. The macroscopic symptoms and microscopic features are described.

scholarly journals A Novel Source of Resistance in Wheat to Pyrenophora tritici-repentis Race 1

Plant Disease ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 92 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sukhwinder Singh ◽  
William W. Bockus ◽  
Indu Sharma ◽  
Robert L. Bowden
Keyword(s):  
Great Plains ◽  
Recombinant Inbred Lines ◽  
The United States ◽  
Interval Mapping ◽  
Tan Spot ◽  
Sources Of Resistance ◽  
Pyrenophora Tritici Repentis ◽  
Ptr Toxa ◽  
Chromosome 5B ◽  
Race 1

Tan spot, caused by the fungus Pyrenophora tritici-repentis, causes serious yield losses in wheat (Triticum aestivum) and many other grasses. Race 1 of the fungus, which produces the necrosis toxin Ptr ToxA and the chlorosis toxin Ptr ToxC, is the most prevalent race in the Great Plains of the United States. Wheat genotypes with useful levels of resistance to race 1 have been deployed, but this resistance reduces damage by only 50 to 75%. Therefore, new sources of resistance to P. tritici-repentis are needed. Recombinant inbred lines developed from a cross between the Indian spring wheat cvs. WH542 (resistant) and HD29 (moderately susceptible) were evaluated for reaction to race 1 of the fungus. Composite interval mapping revealed quantitative trait loci (QTL) on the short arm of chromosome 3A explaining 23% of the phenotypic variation, and the long arm of chromosome 5B explaining 27% of the variation. Both resistance alleles were contributed by the WH542 parent. The QTL on 5BL is probably tsn1, which was described previously. The 3AS QTL (QTs.ksu-3AS) on 3AS is a novel QTL for resistance to P. tritici-repentis race 1. The QTL region is located in the most distal bin of chromosome 3AS in a 2.2-centimorgan marker interval. Flanking markers Xbarc45 and Xbarc86 are suitable for marker-assisted selection for tan spot resistance.

scholarly journals Genetic Control of Resistance to Tan Necrosis Induced by Pyrenophora tritici-repentis, Races 1 and 2, in Spring and Winter Wheat Genotypes

2005 ◽  
Vol 95 (2) ◽  
pp. 172-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. K. Singh ◽  
G. R. Hughes
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Genetic Control ◽  
Recessive Gene ◽  
Tan Spot ◽  
Wheat Genotypes ◽  
Resistant Cultivars ◽  
Pyrenophora Tritici Repentis ◽  
Lesion Type ◽  
Race 1 ◽  
Race 2

The symptoms of tan spot of wheat, caused by Pyrenophora triticirepentis, include a tan necrosis component and an extensive chlorosis component. Since tan spot has become the major component of the leafspotting disease complex of wheat in western Canada, the need for resistant cultivars has increased. This study was conducted to determine whether the resistance to tan spot found in a diverse set of spring and winter wheat genotypes was due to resistance genes not previously reported. The genetic control of resistance to necrosis induced by P. triticirepentis race 1 and race 2 was determined, under controlled environmental conditions, for spring wheat genotypes Erik and 86ISMN 2137 and winter wheat genotypes Hadden, Red Chief, and 6B-365. Plants were inoculated at the two-leaf stage and disease reaction was assessed based on lesion type. Tests of the F1 and F2 generations, and of F2:3 and F2:8 families, indicated that one recessive gene controlled resistance to the necrosis component of tan spot caused by both race 1 and race 2 in each cross studied. Lack of segregation in crosses between the resistant cultivars indicated that the resistance gene was the same in all of the cultivars.

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