A nitrogen factor for European pike-perch (Sander lucioperca), northern pike (Esox lucius), and sheatfish (Silurus glanis) fillets

Measures for consumer protection against food adulteration and misleading labeling are integrated into EU legislation, including methods for detection of misleading practices. Verification of meat content is available for marine products but not for freshwater fish because of the lack of standard nitrogen factors. The aim of this study was to establish nitrogen factors for European pike-perch Sander lucioperca (Linnaeus, 1758), northern pike Esox lucius Linnaeus, 1758, and sheatfish Silurus glanis Linnaeus, 1758. The study involved analysis of 808 fillet samples obtained in spring (March–April) and autumn (October–November) harvest seasons, 2018–2019, from seven Czech Republic fish rearing facilities. Samples with and without skin were analyzed for nitrogen content, dry matter, protein, ash, and fat according to established ISO methods. The recommended nitrogen factor for European pike-perch with the skin is 3.28 ± 0.09 and without the skin is 3.21 ± 0.09; for northern pike with the skin is 3.18 ± 0.09 and without skin is 3.15 ± 0.09; and for sheatfish with skin is 2.73 ± 0.13 and without skin is 2.75 ± 0.12. The established nitrogen factors will enable analysis of meat content to ensure that consumers are purchasing correctly described and labeled fish products.

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Nitrogen factor of common carp Cyprinus carpio fillets with and without skin

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-89491-y ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Alena Honzlova ◽

Helena Curdova ◽

Lenka Schebestova ◽

Pavel Bartak ◽

Alzbeta Stara ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Common Carp ◽

Cyprinus Carpio ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Accurate Analysis ◽

Fish Products ◽

The Czech Republic ◽

Food Adulteration ◽

Eu Legislation ◽

Meat Content ◽

Common Carp Cyprinus Carpio

AbstractConsumer protection against food adulteration and misleading labelling is integrated into EU legislation, but accurate analysis of the meat content of farmed freshwater fish products is not possible because of the lack of established nitrogen factors for farmed common carp. The aim of this study was to determine nitrogen factors for farmed common carp Cyprinus carpio. Seven-hundred samples collected in 2018–2019 in three harvest seasons (March/April, Jun/July, and October/November) at seven locations in the Czech Republic were analysed for nitrogen, dry matter, protein, ash, and fat content according to standard ISO methods. The recommended nitrogen factor for fat-free common carp fillet with skin is 3.04 ± 0.13 and, for fillet without skin, 2.95 ± 0.12. Availability of nitrogen factors for common carp can help ensure that consumers are purchasing correctly labelled products.

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Production, consumption and prey availability of northern pike (Esox lucius), pikeperch (Stizostedion lucioperca) and European catfish (Silurus glanis): a bioenergetics approach

Hydrobiologia ◽

10.1007/bf02530367 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 200-201 (1) ◽

pp. 497-509 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

Alexander J. P. Raat

Keyword(s):

Prey Availability ◽

Northern Pike ◽

Esox Lucius ◽

Silurus Glanis ◽

Pike Esox Lucius ◽

European Catfish ◽

Stizostedion Lucioperca

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Production, consumption and prey availability of northern pike (Esox lucius), pikeperch (Stizostedion lucioperca) and European catfish (Silurus glanis): a bioenergetics approach

Biomanipulation Tool for Water Management ◽

10.1007/978-94-017-0924-8_44 ◽

1990 ◽

pp. 497-509

Author(s):

Alexander J. P. Raat

Keyword(s):

Prey Availability ◽

Northern Pike ◽

Esox Lucius ◽

Silurus Glanis ◽

Pike Esox Lucius ◽

European Catfish ◽

Stizostedion Lucioperca

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CHARACTERISTICS OF FREE-RADICAL PROCESSES IN THE ORGANISMS OF SOME PREDATORY FISH SPECIES IN DIFFERENT SEASONS OF THE YEAR

VESTNIK OF ASTRAKHAN STATE TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY SERIES FISHING INDUSTRY ◽

10.24143/2073-5529-2017-1-117-123 ◽

2017 ◽

pp. 117-123

Author(s):

Nikolay Aleksandrovich Pudovkin ◽

Peter Vladimirovich Smutnev

Keyword(s):

Fish Species ◽

Catalase Activity ◽

Perca Fluviatilis ◽

Selenium Concentration ◽

The Body ◽

Predatory Fish ◽

Volga River ◽

Silurus Glanis ◽

Average Value ◽

Pike Perch

The authors of the article have studied the content of the elements of anti-oxidant system (malondialdehyde, catalase, selenium) in tissues of the internal organs (gills, intestine, muscles, liver, swimbladder, scales) in some species of predatory fish (pike Esox lucius (L., 1758), perch Perca fluviatilis (L., 1758), pike-perch Sander lucioperca (L., 1758), catfish Silurus glanis ) widespread in the basin of the Volga river in the Saratov region. The lowest concentration of malondialdehyde in organisms of the studied fish species is observed in fall and winter; the highest - in spring and summer. Catalase activity in gills tissue of a pike raised in 11.8%, cat-fish - 9.1%, pike-perch - 7.5%, perch - 7.8%. In fall (compared to winter) enzyme activity lowering in gonads of pike-perch makes 16.3%, in gonads of perch - 14.4%. In other tissues there were not observed any evident changes of catalase activity. Fish species under consideration are listed according to the average value of selenium concentration in organisms, µg/g: pike (0.208) > catfish (0.207) > pike-perch (0.196) > perch (0.178). According to the average value of the selenium accumulation in the body in different season all the studied species can be placed in the following order, µg/g: winter-pike (0.132) > pike-perch (0.136) > perch and catfish (0.142); spring - pike-perch (0.190) > perch (0.191) > pike (0.208) > catfish (0.209); summer - perch (0.186) > pike-perch (0.190) > catfish and pike (0.203); autumn - perch (0.193) > pike-perch (0.268) > > catfish (0.274) > pike (0.289).

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Pike-Perch (Sander lucioperca) and Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Fed with an Alternative Microorganism Mix for Reducing Fish Meal and Oil—Fishes’ Growth Performances and Quality Traits

Foods ◽

10.3390/foods10081799 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (8) ◽

pp. 1799

Author(s):

Michaela Schafberg ◽

Karin Loest ◽

Andreas Müller-Belecke ◽

Sascha Rohn

Keyword(s):

Rainbow Trout ◽

Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽

Growth Performance ◽

Fish Meal ◽

Control Diet ◽

Sander Lucioperca ◽

Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽

Growth Performances ◽

Pike Perch ◽

Carcass Parameters

In the last decades, several plant-based materials were used for the substitution of fish meal and oil in aquaculture. The present study evaluated the fish quality and the sensory differences of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and pike-perch (Sander lucioperca) from three different feeding groups, which were fed a commercially available industrial (standard) diet, a control diet, and a special microorganism-based feed mix. This feed mainly consisted of a mix made of Rhodotorula glutinis, Crypthecodinium cohnii, and Arthrospira sp. and had 50% less fish meal and fish oil compared to typical control diets. At the beginning, the pike-perch population was six months old, and the rainbow trout population was 15 months old. The feeding study duration was 16 weeks and every four weeks the growth performance and several morphometric parameters were recorded. Afterwards, sensory evaluation took place to identify possible trends. Sensory evaluation revealed that the rainbow trout groups did not show any significant differences to the standard and control fish fillets with regard to odor, texture, and taste. The effects on rainbow trout growth performances and carcass parameters were similar to the standard group. The feed mix was not optimal for pike-perch farming, which was also reflected by significantly adversely affected growth performance and carcass parameters. The sensorial evaluation showed an opposite trend: here, only small differences in the fillets from the feed mix and standard/control diet were observed.

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