Nitrogen factor of common carp Cyprinus carpio fillets with and without skin

AbstractConsumer protection against food adulteration and misleading labelling is integrated into EU legislation, but accurate analysis of the meat content of farmed freshwater fish products is not possible because of the lack of established nitrogen factors for farmed common carp. The aim of this study was to determine nitrogen factors for farmed common carp Cyprinus carpio. Seven-hundred samples collected in 2018–2019 in three harvest seasons (March/April, Jun/July, and October/November) at seven locations in the Czech Republic were analysed for nitrogen, dry matter, protein, ash, and fat content according to standard ISO methods. The recommended nitrogen factor for fat-free common carp fillet with skin is 3.04 ± 0.13 and, for fillet without skin, 2.95 ± 0.12. Availability of nitrogen factors for common carp can help ensure that consumers are purchasing correctly labelled products.

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A nitrogen factor for European pike-perch (Sander lucioperca), northern pike (Esox lucius), and sheatfish (Silurus glanis) fillets

Acta Ichthyologica Et Piscatoria ◽

10.3897/aiep.51.63281 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 51 (2) ◽

pp. 119-129

Author(s):

Alena Honzlova ◽

Helena Curdova ◽

Lenka Schebestova ◽

Alzbeta Stara ◽

Josef Priborsky ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dry Matter ◽

Northern Pike ◽

Esox Lucius ◽

Sander Lucioperca ◽

Fish Products ◽

Silurus Glanis ◽

Eu Legislation ◽

Meat Content ◽

Pike Perch ◽

Marine Products

Measures for consumer protection against food adulteration and misleading labeling are integrated into EU legislation, including methods for detection of misleading practices. Verification of meat content is available for marine products but not for freshwater fish because of the lack of standard nitrogen factors. The aim of this study was to establish nitrogen factors for European pike-perch Sander lucioperca (Linnaeus, 1758), northern pike Esox lucius Linnaeus, 1758, and sheatfish Silurus glanis Linnaeus, 1758. The study involved analysis of 808 fillet samples obtained in spring (March–April) and autumn (October–November) harvest seasons, 2018–2019, from seven Czech Republic fish rearing facilities. Samples with and without skin were analyzed for nitrogen content, dry matter, protein, ash, and fat according to established ISO methods. The recommended nitrogen factor for European pike-perch with the skin is 3.28 ± 0.09 and without the skin is 3.21 ± 0.09; for northern pike with the skin is 3.18 ± 0.09 and without skin is 3.15 ± 0.09; and for sheatfish with skin is 2.73 ± 0.13 and without skin is 2.75 ± 0.12. The established nitrogen factors will enable analysis of meat content to ensure that consumers are purchasing correctly described and labeled fish products.

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Sensitivity of common carp, Cyprinus carpio L., strains and crossbreeds reared in the Czech Republic to infection by cyprinid herpesvirus 3 (CyHV-3; KHV)

Journal of Fish Diseases ◽

10.1111/jfd.12007 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 36 (1) ◽

pp. 75-80 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

V Piačková ◽

M Flajšhans ◽

D Pokorová ◽

S Reschová ◽

D Gela ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Czech Republic ◽

Common Carp ◽

Cyprinus Carpio ◽

The Czech Republic ◽

Common Carp Cyprinus Carpio ◽

Cyprinid Herpesvirus 3 ◽

Carp Cyprinus Carpio

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Microsatellite-based genetic diversity and differentiation of foreign common carp (Cyprinus carpio) strains farmed in the Czech Republic

Aquaculture ◽

10.1016/j.aquaculture.2009.10.021 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 298 (3-4) ◽

pp. 194-201 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Martin Hulak ◽

Vojtech Kaspar ◽

Klaus Kohlmann ◽

Kevin Coward ◽

Jakub Tešitel ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Czech Republic ◽

Common Carp ◽

Cyprinus Carpio ◽

The Czech Republic ◽

Common Carp Cyprinus Carpio ◽

Carp Cyprinus Carpio

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Chemical Composition of Fillets of Mirror Crossbreds Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio L.)

Acta Veterinaria Brno ◽

10.2754/avb201079040551 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 79 (4) ◽

pp. 551-557 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Hana Buchtová ◽

Zdeňka Svobodová ◽

Martin Kocour ◽

Josef Velíšek

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acid Composition ◽

Oleic Acid ◽

Fatty Acid ◽

Chemical Composition ◽

Common Carp ◽

Cyprinus Carpio ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Mirror Carp ◽

Common Carp Cyprinus Carpio ◽

Carp Cyprinus Carpio

This paper presents the results of a study dealing with chemical composition of fillets and fatty acid composition (saturated fatty acid: SFA, monounsaturated fatty acid: MUFA, polyunsaturated fatty acid: PUFA) of lipids. Three groups of the mirror hybrid carp in age of three years: M2 × L15 – the Hungarian Szarvas mirror carp (M2) and the Hungarian hybrid mirror strain (L15), M2 × DOR 70 (the Israeli breed - DOR70), M2 × M72 (Northern mirror carp - M72) were compared with: the pure breed M2 and scaly hybrid ROP × TAT – the Ropsha (ROP) and the Tata (TAT) carp. ROP × TAT hybrid fillets contained (in g·kg-1) more (P < 0.01) dry matter (283.1 ± 23.87) and lipids (99.3 ± 30.60). Fat in all of the monitored carp groups was made up of more than 50% of MUFA (from 51 to 64%), 25 - 29% of SFA and 10 - 22% of PUFA. Fillets of mirror hybrids M2 × DOR70, M2 × M72 and breed M2 contained less lipids (P < 0.01), less MUFAsum (P < 0.01), particularly less oleic acid (C18:1n-9), and more PUFAn-3 (P < 0.01), more eicosapentaenoic acid (C20:5n-3) and docosahexaenic acid (C22:6n-3). The differences in fatty acid profile can be related to the different genetic effects of different groups of common carp.

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Distribution of Metals in Tissues of the Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio L.)

Acta Veterinaria Brno ◽

10.2754/avb200776s8s093 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 76 (8) ◽

pp. S93-S100 ◽

Cited By ~ 28

Author(s):

O. Čelechovská ◽

Z. Svobodová ◽

V. Žlábek ◽

B. Macharáčková

Keyword(s):

Czech Republic ◽

Common Carp ◽

Cyprinus Carpio ◽

Point Of View ◽

Metal Concentrations ◽

The Czech Republic ◽

Common Carp Cyprinus Carpio ◽

Cold Vapour ◽

The Common ◽

The Individual

The aim of the present study was to investigate the distribution of selected metals (As, Cd,Pb, Hg, Cr, Cu and Zn) in tissues of the common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) grown in ponds. A total of 125 market-ready carp (aged 3 - 4 years, weight 2312 ± 583 g) from 10 fishponds in the Czech republic were analysed. The tissues analysed included muscle, liver, kidney, spleen, gills, ovaria and testes. Metal concentrations were determined by the AAS, mercury was determined using a cold-vapour AAS analyse (AMA 254). Results showed different affinities of metals to different tissues. The highest concentrations of As and Hg were in muscle tissue, Cu in the liver, and Cd and Zn in the kidneys, compared with levels in other tissues (p < 0.01). The lowest metal concentrations (particularly of Cd) were found in the spleen, gills and gonads. Lead concentrations in the individual tissues were low and practically identical. Chromium concentrations were also balanced with sporadic significant differences (p < 0.05). Significantly higher concentrations of Cu, Cr (p < 0.05) and Zn (p < 0.01) were found in the ovaria compared with the testes. The study showed that meat and gonads of pond carp in the Czech republic are safe from the point of view of contamination with the metals investigated.

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Which Is More Toxic? Evaluation of the Short-Term Toxic Effects of Chlorpyrifos and Cypermethrin on Selected Biomarkers in Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio, Linnaeus 1758)

Toxics ◽

10.3390/toxics9060125 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (6) ◽

pp. 125

Author(s):

Elenka Georgieva ◽

Vesela Yancheva ◽

Stela Stoyanova ◽

Iliana Velcheva ◽

Ilia Iliev ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Common Carp ◽

Cyprinus Carpio ◽

Circulatory System ◽

Short Term ◽

Eu Legislation ◽

Common Carp Cyprinus Carpio ◽

Carp Cyprinus Carpio ◽

Chemical Studies ◽

Circulatory Disturbances ◽

The Eu

The general aim of this study was to investigate the negative short-term effects of different concentrations of chlorpyrifos (CPF) and cypermethrin (CYP), based on the EU legislation (MAC-EQS) in common carp (Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus, 1758) under laboratory conditions and to compare their toxicity. The fish were exposed to the pesticides for 96 h and then different histological and biochemical biomarkers were investigated in the gills and liver, and bioaccumulation analyses were conducted. The chemical studies showed increased pesticide concentrations in the gills as the first site for pollutants compared to the liver at the 96th hour. In addition, the histological analyses showed severe alterations in the gills and liver after exposure to both tested pesticides. In the gills, we found mainly intense proliferative and, to a lesser extent, degenerative changes and alterations in the circulatory system, such as necrosis and vasodilation. In the liver, regressive and progressive lesions, as well as circulatory disturbances and inflammation, were observed. The regressive lesions showed a higher degree of expression compared to the other changes. Furthermore, we found altered enzymatic activities—catalase, glutathione reductase, and glutathione peroxidase—in the liver, compared to the control. Overall, both tested pesticides impacted the studied biomarkers in common carp, even at concentrations lower than those permitted by law. However, the results of the comparative analysis showed a relatively higher toxicity of CYP compared to CPF in the fish. Still, questions persist as to whether the observed changes are adaptive or entirely destructive. To avoid any danger or risk, these pesticides must be applied cautiously, especially near water bodies.

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