Phylogeography, species delimitation and population structure of a Western Australian short-range endemic mite harvestman (Arachnida: Opiliones: Pettalidae: Karripurcellia)

The mite harvestmen of the genusKarripurcelliaGiribet, 2003 are endemic to the tall, wet eucalypt forests of south-western Western Australia, a region known as a hotspot for biodiversity. Currently, there are two accepted species,K.peckorumGiribet, 2003 andK.sierwaldaeGiribet, 2003, both with type localities within the Warren National Park. We obtained 65COImtDNA sequences from across the entire distributional range of the genus. These sequences, falling into two to three geographically separate groups, probably correspond to two species. Morphologically, all of the studied specimens correspond toK.peckorum, suggesting cryptic speciation within that species. A few common haplotypes occur in more than one population, but most haplotypes are confined to a single population. As a result, populations are genetically differentiated and gene flow after initial colonization appears to be very limited or completely lacking. Our study provides another example of short-range endemism in an invertebrate from the south-western mesic biome.

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Genetic structure of the threatened West-Pannonian population of Great Bustard (Otis tarda)

PeerJ ◽

10.7717/peerj.1759 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 4 ◽

pp. e1759

Author(s):

Jose L. Horreo ◽

Rainer Raab ◽

Péter Spakovszky ◽

Juan Carlos Alonso

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Population Structure ◽

Gene Flow ◽

Genetic Structure ◽

Great Bustard ◽

Single Population ◽

Current Conservation ◽

Otis Tarda ◽

Hungarian Population ◽

First Time

The genetic diversity, population structure and gene flow of the Great Bustards (Otis tarda) living in Austria-Slovakia-West Hungary (West-Pannonian region), one of the few populations of this globally threatened species that survives across the Palaearctic, has been assessed for the first time in this study. Fourteen recently developed microsatellite loci identified one single population in the study area, with high values of genetic diversity and gene flow between two different genetic subunits. One of these subunits (Heideboden) was recognized as a priority for conservation, as it could be crucial to maintain connectivity with the central Hungarian population and thus contribute to keeping contemporary genetic diversity. Current conservation efforts have been successful in saving this threatened population from extinction two decades ago, and should continue to guarantee its future survival.

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Phylogeography, Population Structure, and Species Delimitation in Rockhopper Penguins (Eudyptes chrysocome and Eudyptes moseleyi)

Journal of Heredity ◽

10.1093/jhered/esz051 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Herman L Mays ◽

David A Oehler ◽

Kyle W Morrison ◽

Ariadna E Morales ◽

Alyssa Lycans ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Population Structure ◽

Gene Flow ◽

Population Size ◽

Effective Population Size ◽

Species Delimitation ◽

Diversity Index ◽

Divergence Time ◽

Distinct Species ◽

Effective Population ◽

Heuristic Approaches

Abstract Rockhopper penguins are delimited as 2 species, the northern rockhopper (Eudyptes moseleyi) and the southern rockhopper (Eudyptes chrysocome), with the latter comprising 2 subspecies, the western rockhopper (Eudyptes chrysocome chrysocome) and the eastern rockhopper (Eudyptes chrysocome filholi). We conducted a phylogeographic study using multilocus data from 114 individuals sampled across 12 colonies from the entire range of the northern/southern rockhopper complex to assess potential population structure, gene flow, and species limits. Bayesian and likelihood methods with nuclear and mitochondrial DNA, including model testing and heuristic approaches, support E. moseleyi and E. chrysocome as distinct species lineages with a divergence time of 0.97 Ma. However, these analyses also indicated the presence of gene flow between these species. Among southern rockhopper subspecies, we found evidence of significant gene flow and heuristic approaches to species delimitation based on the genealogical diversity index failed to delimit them as species. The best-supported population models for the southern rockhoppers were those where E. c. chrysocome and E. c. filholi were combined into a single lineage or 2 lineages with bidirectional gene flow. Additionally, we found that E. c. filholi has the highest effective population size while E. c. chrysocome showed similar effective population size to that of the endangered E. moseleyi. We suggest that the current taxonomic definitions within rockhopper penguins be upheld and that E. chrysocome populations, all found south of the subtropical front, should be treated as a single taxon with distinct management units for E. c. chrysocome and E. c. filholi.

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The roles of marginal lagoons in the maintenance of genetic diversity in the Brazilian migratory fishes Prochilodus argenteus and P. costatus

Neotropical Ichthyology ◽

10.1590/s1679-62252013000300016 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 625-636 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Bruno F. Melo ◽

Yoshimi Sato ◽

Fausto Foresti ◽

Claudio Oliveira

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Population Structure ◽

Gene Flow ◽

Genetic Variability ◽

Reproductive Season ◽

Migration Routes ◽

Single Population ◽

Genetic Studies ◽

Fish Resources ◽

Adequate Management

The rio São Francisco basin contains many endemic species, such as Prochilodus argenteus and P. costatus, which have great commercial importance. However, information about the main recruitment sites and genetic studies containing extensive sampling of these species are scarce. To investigate the roles of the marginal lagoons in the maintenance of genetic variability and in the population structure, we analyzed six microsatellite loci in nine sampling groups of P. argenteusand five sampling groups of P. costatus. Our results showed high levels of genetic variability and low values of genetic differentiation for P. argenteus (FST =0.008, P< 0.05) and for P. costatus(FST =0.031, P < 0.05). In addition, high values of gene flow combined with a small genetic distance suggest the presence of a single population for each species in the middle rio São Francisco basin. Moreover, putative migration routes involving marginal lagoons during the reproductive season could be detected, confirming the importance of these nurseries in the lifecycle of these species. Our results also indicate the necessity of adequate management of the fish resources and the conservation of the floodplains in the rio São Francisco basin.

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Gene flow and immigration: genetic diversity and population structure of lions (Panthera leo) in Hwange National Park, Zimbabwe

Conservation Genetics ◽

10.1007/s10592-014-0571-6 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 15 (3) ◽

pp. 697-706 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

C. Morandin ◽

A. J. Loveridge ◽

G. Segelbacher ◽

N. Elliot ◽

H. Madzikanda ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Population Structure ◽

Gene Flow ◽

National Park ◽

Panthera Leo ◽

Hwange National Park

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Differentiation and Interrelations of Two Representatives of Laudakia stellio Complex (Reptilia: Agamidae) in Israel

Russian Journal of Herpetology ◽

10.30906/1026-2296-1997-4-2-102-114 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 102-114 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Evgenyi N. Panov ◽

Larissa Yu. Zykova

Keyword(s):

Population Structure ◽

Gene Flow ◽

Habitat Preference ◽

Additional Data ◽

Near East ◽

Field Studies ◽

Subspecies Level ◽

Limited Gene Flow ◽

Study Sites ◽

And Behavior

Field studies were conducted in Central Negev within the breeding range of Laudakia stellio brachydactyla and in NE Israel (Qyriat Shemona) in the range of an unnamed form (tentatively “Near-East Rock Agama”), during March – May 1996. Additional data have been collected in Jerusalem at a distance of ca. 110 km from the first and about 170 km from the second study sites. A total of 63 individuals were caught and examined. The animals were marked and their subsequent movements were followed. Social and signal behavior of both forms were described and compared. Lizards from Negev and Qyriat Shemona differ from each other sharply in external morphology, habitat preference, population structure, and behavior. The differences obviously exceed the subspecies level. At the same time, the lizards from Jerusalem tend to be intermediate morphologically between those from both above-named localities, which permits admitting the existence of a limited gene flow between lizard populations of Negev and northern Israel. The lizards from NE Israel apparently do not belong to the nominate subspecies of L. stellio and should be regarded as one more subspecies within the species.

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Gene Flow Dependent Introgression and Species Delimitation

Plant Diversity and Resources ◽

10.3724/sp.j.1143.2012.11187 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 34 (3) ◽

pp. 257 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Fang DU ◽

Fang XU

Keyword(s):

Gene Flow ◽

Species Delimitation

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Population fragmentation causes inadequate gene flow and increases extinction risk

10.1093/oso/9780198783398.003.0005 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Richard Frankham ◽

Jonathan D. Ballou ◽

Katherine Ralls ◽

Mark D. B. Eldridge ◽

Michele R. Dudash ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gene Flow ◽

Extinction Risk ◽

Random Mating ◽

Large Population ◽

Isolated Population ◽

Population Fragmentation ◽

Single Population ◽

Total Size ◽

Limited Gene Flow

Most species now have fragmented distributions, often with adverse genetic consequences. The genetic impacts of population fragmentation depend critically upon gene flow among fragments and their effective sizes. Fragmentation with cessation of gene flow is highly harmful in the long term, leading to greater inbreeding, increased loss of genetic diversity, decreased likelihood of evolutionary adaptation and elevated extinction risk, when compared to a single population of the same total size. The consequences of fragmentation with limited gene flow typically lie between those for a large population with random mating and isolated population fragments with no gene flow.

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Population genetics of Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae) in its native range in Lao People’s Democratic Republic

Parasites & Vectors ◽

10.1186/s13071-019-3740-0 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Maysa Tiemi Motoki ◽

Dina Madera Fonseca ◽

Elliott Frederic Miot ◽

Bruna Demari-Silva ◽

Phoutmany Thammavong ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Population Structure ◽

Gene Flow ◽

Aedes Albopictus ◽

Isolation By Distance ◽

Genetic Locus ◽

Lao Pdr ◽

Phylogenetic Network ◽

Population Expansion ◽

Recent Population Expansion ◽

The Usa

Abstract Background The Asian tiger mosquito, Aedes (Stegomyia) albopictus (Skuse) is an important worldwide invasive species and can be a locally important vector of chikungunya, dengue and, potentially, Zika. This species is native to Southeast Asia where populations thrive in both temperate and tropical climates. A better understanding of the population structure of Ae. albopictus in Lao PDR is very important in order to support the implementation of strategies for diseases prevention and vector control. In the present study, we investigated the genetic variability of Ae. albopictus across a north-south transect in Lao PDR. Methods We used variability in a 1337-bp fragment of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 gene (cox1), to assess the population structure of Ae. albopictus in Lao PDR. For context, we also examined variability at the same genetic locus in samples of Ae. albopictus from Thailand, China, Taiwan, Japan, Singapore, Italy and the USA. Results We observed very high levels of genetic polymorphism with 46 novel haplotypes in Ae. albopictus from 9 localities in Lao PDR and Thailand populations. Significant differences were observed between the Luangnamtha population and other locations in Lao PDR. However, we found no evidence of isolation by distance. There was overall little genetic structure indicating ongoing and frequent gene flow among populations or a recent population expansion. Indeed, the neutrality test supported population expansion in Laotian Ae. albopictus and mismatch distribution analyses showed a lack of low frequency alleles, a pattern often seen in bottlenecked populations. When samples from Lao PDR were analyzed together with samples from Thailand, China, Taiwan, Japan, Singapore, Italy and the USA, phylogenetic network and Bayesian cluster analysis showed that most populations from tropical/subtropical regions are more genetically related to each other, than populations from temperate regions. Similarly, most populations from temperate regions are more genetically related to each other, than those from tropical/subtropical regions. Conclusions Aedes albopictus in Lao PDR are genetically related to populations from tropical/subtropical regions (i.e. Thailand, Singapore, and California and Texas in the USA). The extensive gene flow among locations in Lao PDR indicates that local control is undermined by repeated introductions from untreated sites.

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