The response of Orthoptera to grazing on flood defense embankments in Europe

European flood defense embankments form an excellent habitat for Orthoptera. To be effective against storms, these vegetated earth embankments have to be managed by grazing or mowing. However, grazing can impact invertebrates such as grasshoppers and crickets (Orthoptera). This management can lead to dispersal toward undisturbed grassland and reductions in the quality of habitat, food resources and oviposition sites. In most cases, orthopteran insects require heterogeneous vegetation patches with swards of varying height. The impact of grazing depends on the type of livestock; it is very important to choose appropriate animals, timing and intensity. Sheep grazing in late summer (September-October) at a moderate intensity seems to be favorable for Orthoptera. If grazing is carefully monitored, it can promote Orthoptera conservation while maintaining flood defense integrity.

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416 A NARRATIVE SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF POSTOPERATIVE REHABILITATION FOLLOWING SURGERY FOR ESOPHAGEAL CANCER

Diseases of the Esophagus ◽

10.1093/dote/doaa087.105 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 33 (Supplement_1) ◽

Author(s):

P Prasad ◽

K Hardy ◽

J Chmelo ◽

M Navidi ◽

A Phillips

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Systematic Review ◽

Positive Impact ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Randomised Trial ◽

Risk Of Bias ◽

Moderate Intensity ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

The Impact

Abstract Esophagectomy is a complex procedure with associated high levels of morbidity. Rehabilitation programmes are being developed and increasingly utilised in the perioperative period and comprise a variety of physical, nutritional and psychological interventions. Such strategies may help reduce the incidence of postoperative complications, mitigate sarcopenia, prevent progressive frailty and restore quality of life. This systematic review aimed to identify and analyse studies reporting outcomes of post-esophagectomy rehabilitative interventions. Methods Major reference databases (PubMed, Medline, EMBASE, Cochrane Library and Google scholar) were interrogated and a systematic search with a pre-defined search strategy was performed up until January 2020. All eligible articles were screened in line with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Study quality was assessed using the MINORS (Methodological Index for Non-Randomized Studies) criteria for cohort studies and the Cochrane risk of bias tool for randomised studies. Results Three studies (n = 1 pilot study; n = 1 feasibility study and n = 1 randomised controlled trial) including some 108 patients were included in this narrative review, of whom 64 patients had undergone esophagectomy. Rehabilitative strategies utilised included a combination of physical activities such as walking and low- to moderate-intensity exercises, dietary counselling, psychological support and occupational therapy input. There was wide variation in the outcomes assessed between studies. Postoperative physical activity with exercises consistently demonstrated maximum positive impact upon cardiopulmonary fitness. The median MINORS score for included studies was 9 (8-10) and the risk of bias in the included randomised trial was low. Conclusion There is a paucity of data currently to help determine the impact that rehabilitation may have on clinical outcomes and quality of life following esophagectomy. While improved physical function has been demonstrated, there is a need to determine which interventions patients deem most important and acceptable to help them return to as close to baseline as possible. Additionally, there is a need to further understand the impact rehabilitation may have upon long-term outcomes.

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The way of old bread recycling in the bread making

E3S Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/e3sconf/202016101082 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 161 ◽

pp. 01082

Author(s):

Olesia Savkina ◽

Lina Kuznetsova ◽

Marina Lokachuk ◽

Olga Parakhina ◽

Elena Pavlovskaya ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Microbial Contamination ◽

Nutrient Deficiency ◽

Economic Benefits ◽

Food Resources ◽

Natural Food ◽

Bread Making ◽

Slowing Down ◽

Sourdough Bread ◽

The Impact

The recycling of non-standard bread (with cracked crust, unsatisfactory mass or non-standard shape) saves natural food resources and provides economic benefits for bakers. The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of recycled old bread on the quality of sourdough and bread. An increase in the bread dosage in the rye dense sourdough more than 25% instead of flour negatively affected sourdough quality. The deterioration of the sourdough quality was not associated with a nutrient deficiency. When 25% of recycling old bread was in the sourdough, the quality of the bread was comparable to the control, but the crumbliness was 1.5 times less compared to the control, which indicates a slowing down of the staling process in bread made with recycled bread in sourdough. Bread fermentation in sourdough allowed getting bread with a good smell and taste. Old recycled bread did not significantly affect the microbial contamination of new bread, especially in terms of moulds and yeasts.

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The impact of bird populations on the microbiological quality of bathing waters

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.2005.0592 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 51 (3-4) ◽

pp. 199-207 ◽

Cited By ~ 26

Author(s):

A. Wither ◽

M. Rehfisch ◽

G. Austin

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Microbiological Quality ◽

Late Summer ◽

Quality Data ◽

Water Quality Data ◽

North West ◽

Bird Populations ◽

Bathing Waters ◽

The Impact

To ensure optimum quality at Bathing Waters, the control of diffuse sources of bacterial contamination is receiving increasing attention. As part of an initiative to improve the quality of the EU designated bathing waters on the Fylde Coast (North West England), a project was undertaken to quantify the faecal indicator load from birds and assess the significance on water quality. High bird counts are encountered on the Fylde Coast with gulls, feral pigeons and starlings being prominent. The piers at Blackpool make an attractive roost for starlings with numbers peaking at over 30,000 in late summer. Systematic recording of bird numbers and locations was undertaken during 2001/2. Estimates were also made of the daily faecal organism production by the different species. The spatial distribution of faecal organisms from the bird population was statistically linked to synoptic water quality data. This allowed estimates to be made of the contribution from birds to the faecal pollution load at the bathing waters. The work confirmed a statistically significant link between bird populations and water quality with a marked seasonal bias.

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Self-Compassion and Quality of Life in Adults Who Stutter

American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology ◽

10.1044/2020_ajslp-20-00055 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 29 (4) ◽

pp. 2097-2108

Author(s):

Robyn L. Croft ◽

Courtney T. Byrd

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Social Connectedness ◽

The Self ◽

Future Research ◽

Self Compassion ◽

Adults Who Stutter ◽

And Gender ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Impact

Purpose The purpose of this study was to identify levels of self-compassion in adults who do and do not stutter and to determine whether self-compassion predicts the impact of stuttering on quality of life in adults who stutter. Method Participants included 140 adults who do and do not stutter matched for age and gender. All participants completed the Self-Compassion Scale. Adults who stutter also completed the Overall Assessment of the Speaker's Experience of Stuttering. Data were analyzed for self-compassion differences between and within adults who do and do not stutter and to predict self-compassion on quality of life in adults who stutter. Results Adults who do and do not stutter exhibited no significant differences in total self-compassion, regardless of participant gender. A simple linear regression of the total self-compassion score and total Overall Assessment of the Speaker's Experience of Stuttering score showed a significant, negative linear relationship of self-compassion predicting the impact of stuttering on quality of life. Conclusions Data suggest that higher levels of self-kindness, mindfulness, and social connectedness (i.e., self-compassion) are related to reduced negative reactions to stuttering, an increased participation in daily communication situations, and an improved overall quality of life. Future research should replicate current findings and identify moderators of the self-compassion–quality of life relationship.

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Surgery for Lung Cancer and the Consequences for the Swallow

Perspectives of the ASHA Special Interest Groups ◽

10.1044/persp1.sig13.162 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 1 (13) ◽

pp. 162-168

Author(s):

Pippa Hales ◽

Corinne Mossey-Gaston

Keyword(s):

Lung Cancer ◽

Treatment Options ◽

Vocal Cord Palsy ◽

Subsequent Treatment ◽

Physiological Reserve ◽

Palliative Phase ◽

And Function ◽

The Impact ◽

Swallow Function

Lung cancer is one of the most commonly diagnosed cancers across Northern America and Europe. Treatment options offered are dependent on the type of cancer, the location of the tumor, the staging, and the overall health of the person. When surgery for lung cancer is offered, difficulty swallowing is a potential complication that can have several influencing factors. Surgical interaction with the recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) can lead to unilateral vocal cord palsy, altering swallow function and safety. Understanding whether the RLN has been preserved, damaged, or sacrificed is integral to understanding the effect on the swallow and the subsequent treatment options available. There is also the risk of post-surgical reduction of physiological reserve, which can reduce the strength and function of the swallow in addition to any surgery specific complications. As lung cancer has a limited prognosis, the clinician must also factor in the palliative phase, as this can further increase the burden of an already compromised swallow. By understanding the surgery and the implications this may have for the swallow, there is the potential to reduce the impact of post-surgical complications and so improve quality of life (QOL) for people with lung cancer.

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