416 A NARRATIVE SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF POSTOPERATIVE REHABILITATION FOLLOWING SURGERY FOR ESOPHAGEAL CANCER

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
P Prasad ◽  
K Hardy ◽  
J Chmelo ◽  
M Navidi ◽  
A Phillips
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Randomised Trial ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
The Impact

Abstract   Esophagectomy is a complex procedure with associated high levels of morbidity. Rehabilitation programmes are being developed and increasingly utilised in the perioperative period and comprise a variety of physical, nutritional and psychological interventions. Such strategies may help reduce the incidence of postoperative complications, mitigate sarcopenia, prevent progressive frailty and restore quality of life. This systematic review aimed to identify and analyse studies reporting outcomes of post-esophagectomy rehabilitative interventions. Methods Major reference databases (PubMed, Medline, EMBASE, Cochrane Library and Google scholar) were interrogated and a systematic search with a pre-defined search strategy was performed up until January 2020. All eligible articles were screened in line with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Study quality was assessed using the MINORS (Methodological Index for Non-Randomized Studies) criteria for cohort studies and the Cochrane risk of bias tool for randomised studies. Results Three studies (n = 1 pilot study; n = 1 feasibility study and n = 1 randomised controlled trial) including some 108 patients were included in this narrative review, of whom 64 patients had undergone esophagectomy. Rehabilitative strategies utilised included a combination of physical activities such as walking and low- to moderate-intensity exercises, dietary counselling, psychological support and occupational therapy input. There was wide variation in the outcomes assessed between studies. Postoperative physical activity with exercises consistently demonstrated maximum positive impact upon cardiopulmonary fitness. The median MINORS score for included studies was 9 (8-10) and the risk of bias in the included randomised trial was low. Conclusion There is a paucity of data currently to help determine the impact that rehabilitation may have on clinical outcomes and quality of life following esophagectomy. While improved physical function has been demonstrated, there is a need to determine which interventions patients deem most important and acceptable to help them return to as close to baseline as possible. Additionally, there is a need to further understand the impact rehabilitation may have upon long-term outcomes.

scholarly journals Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on University Students' Physical Activity Levels: An Early Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandro López-Valenciano ◽  
David Suárez-Iglesias ◽  
Miguel A. Sanchez-Lastra ◽  
Carlos Ayán
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
University Students ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Physical Activity Levels ◽  
The Impact

Purpose: This systematic review aimed to analyze the impact that the COVID-19 lockdown had on the amount of physical activity performed by university students.Materials and Methods: A systematic electronic search for studies providing information regarding physical activity levels pre and during COVID-19 pandemic in university students was performed up to 20th October 2020 in the databases Cochrane Library, PubMed, SPORTDiscus, and Web of Science. The risk of bias of external validity quality of included studies was assessed by means of those the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). The quality of the evidence for main outcomes was graded using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach.Results and Conclusions: A total of 10 studies were selected. Physical activity levels were assessed by means of questionnaires (10 studies) and accelerometer (1 study). Risk of bias was regarded as low and high in six and four investigations, respectively. The quality of evidence was downgraded to low. A significant reduction of physical activity levels were observed in 9 studies. Compared to pre-lockdown values, five studies showed a reduction of light/mild physical activity (walking) between 32.5 and 365.5%, while seven studies revealed a reduction of high/vigorous physical activity between 2.9 and 52.8%. Walking, moderate, vigorous, and total physical activity levels have been reduced during the COVID-19 pandemic confinements in university students of different countries. Despite of the reductions, those who met the current minimum PA recommendations before the lockdown generally met the recommendations also during the confinements.

scholarly journals Quality of life in cancer patients treated with mistletoe: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Loef ◽  
Harald Walach
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Sensitivity Analyses ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Mistletoe Extracts

AbstractBackgroundMistletoe extracts are used as an adjunct therapy for cancer patients, but there is dissent as to whether this therapy has a positive impact on quality of life (QoL).MethodsWe conducted a systematic review searching in several databases (Medline, Embase, CENTRAL, CINAHL, PsycInfo, Science Citation Index, clinicaltrials.gov, opengrey.org) by combining terms that cover the fields of “neoplasm”, “quality of life” and “mistletoe”. We included prospective controlled trials that compared mistletoe extracts with a control in cancer patients and reported QoL or related dimensions. The quality of the studies was assessed with the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool version 2.We conducted a quantitative meta-analysis.ResultsWe included 26 publications with 30 data sets. The studies were heterogeneous. The pooled standardized mean difference (random effects model) for global QoL after treatment with mistletoe extracts vs. control was d = 0.61 (95% CI 0.41-0.81; p<0,00001). The effect was stronger for younger patients, with longer treatment, in studies with lower risk of bias, in randomized and blinded studies. Sensitivity analyses support the validity of the finding. 50% of the QoL subdomains (e.g. pain, nausea) show a significant improvement after mistletoe treatment. Most studies have a high risk of bias or at least raise some concern.ConclusionMistletoe extracts produce a significant, medium-sized effect on QoL in cancer. Risk of bias in the analyzed studies is likely due to the specific type of treatment, which is difficult to blind; yet this risk is unlikely to affect the outcome.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42019137704

scholarly journals Effect of Periodontal Therapy on COPD Outcomes: A Systematic Review

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ioulianos Apessos ◽  
Athanasios Voulgaris ◽  
Michalis Agrafiotis ◽  
Dimitrios Andreadis ◽  
Paschalis Steiropoulos
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Lung Function ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Periodontal Therapy ◽  
Periodontal Treatment ◽  
Quality Of Evidence ◽  
Copd Patients ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background: Latest evidence suggests that periodontitis is prevalent among patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), while recent studies have also reported a potential benefit of periodontal treatment on several COPD outcomes. This systematic review aims to determine the impact of periodontal treatment on exacerbation rate, lung function and quality of life of COPD patients. Methods: A systematic search of electronic databases of PubMed, Scopus, Virtual Health Library, ScienceDirect, Wiley Online Library, Web of Science, ProQuest Dissertation and Theses Global and Google Scholar was conducted. Search restricted to studies involving human subjects and published from January 2000 to March 2020 in English language. Distiller Systematic Review software was used for data management. Risk of bias was assessed using Risk of Bias 2 (RoB2) and Risk of Bias for non-randomized studies of intervention (ROBINS-I) tools. Overall quality of evidence was judged based on Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) working group methodology.Results: Out of 1442 articles retrieved, 7 full text articles were included in the review. Limited evidence suggests that periodontal treatment in patients with COPD and periodontitis is associated with reduced exacerbation frequency and a slower lung function decline rate, while its effects on quality of life remain unclear. In addition, periodontal treatment in COPD is associated with lower hospitalization rates and reduced all-cause mortality. Overall, the included studies demonstrated high heterogeneity and very low-to-moderate quality of evidence. Conclusions: Although it is reasonable to advise COPD patients not to neglect their dental health, further studies are warranted to determine the role of periodontal therapy on COPD clinical outcomes. Registration: PROSPERO 2020 (CRD42020158481)

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Resilience Interventions on Psychosocial Outcomes for Persons With Neurocognitive Disorders: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Wang ◽  
Iris Chi ◽  
Yuning Zhan ◽  
Wenjang Chen ◽  
Tongtong Li
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Psychosocial Outcomes ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Neurocognitive Disorders ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Significant Benefit ◽  
Cochrane Library

Background: Neurocognitive disorders, such as mild cognitive impairment (MCI), dementia, and Alzheimer's disease, not only harm people's cognitive function but also lead to negative emotions, poor quality of life (QOL), and unsatisfactory level of well-being. Resilience can be defined as a dynamic and amendable process, which maintains or improves life satisfaction and quick recovery from own dilemma. However, no meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) has thus far examined the effectiveness of resilience interventions among persons with neurocognitive disorders, and the results of RCTs were inconsistent. This systematic review aimed to assess the effectiveness of resilience interventions on psychosocial outcomes among persons with neurocognitive disorders.Methods: Nine electronic Chinese and English databases (the Cochrane Library, PsycINFO, Web of Science, PubMed, Medline, Eric, JSTOR, CNKI, and WANGFANG) were searched through April 2021. Only RCTs were included, and the quality of the included studies was assessed by the Cochrane “Risk of Bias” tool. Meta-analysis was carried out on psychosocial outcomes, and heterogeneity was investigated by subgroup and sensitivity analysis. RevMan 5.4 was used for meta-analysis.Results: Fourteen RCT studies were identified, representing a total of 2,442 participants with neurocognitive disorders. The risk of bias was high or unclear for most included studies in the domains of allocation concealment, blinding participants, and interventionists. Meta-analysis showed that heterogeneity was low or moderate. There were significant differences in favor of resilience interventions compared with control on the outcome of QOL, using the Quality of Life-Alzheimer Disease scale (QOL-AD) [I2 = 36%, standardized mean difference (SMD) = 0.14, 95% CI (0.02, 0.26), p = 0.02], and no significant differences on depression, using the Cornell Scale for Depression in Dementia (CSDD) [I2 = 41%, SMD = −0.14, 95% CI (−0.34, 0.05), p = 0.16], and neuropsychiatric symptoms using the Neuropsychiatric Inventory Questionnaire (NPI-Q) [I2 = 62%, SMD = −0.10, 95% CI (−0.37, −0.16), p ≤ 0.46].Conclusions: Resilience interventions had a significant benefit on QOL but no significant benefit on depression and neuropsychiatric behavioral symptoms. More evidence is needed to answer questions about how to implement resilience interventions and how to evaluate their effectiveness.

scholarly journals The impact of hypoglycemia on quality of life and related outcomes in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes: A systematic review

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. e0260896
Author(s):  
Manon Coolen ◽  
Melanie Broadley ◽  
Christel Hendrieckx ◽  
Hannah Chatwin ◽  
Mark Clowes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Diabetes Distress ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
The Impact

Objective To conduct a systematic review to examine associations between hypoglycemia and quality of life (QoL) in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes. Methods Four databases (Medline, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, PsycINFO) were searched systematically in November 2019 and searches were updated in September 2021. Studies were eligible if they included children and/or adolescents with type 1 diabetes, reported on the association between hypoglycemia and QoL (or related outcomes), had a quantitative design, and were published in a peer-reviewed journal after 2000. A protocol was registered the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO; CRD42020154023). Studies were evaluated using the Joanna Briggs Institute’s critical appraisal tool. A narrative synthesis was conducted by outcome and hypoglycemia severity. Results In total, 27 studies met inclusion criteria. No hypoglycemia-specific measures of QoL were identified. Evidence for an association between SH and (domains) of generic and diabetes-specific QoL was too limited to draw conclusions, due to heterogenous definitions and operationalizations of hypoglycemia and outcomes across studies. SH was associated with greater worry about hypoglycemia, but was not clearly associated with diabetes distress, depression, anxiety, disordered eating or posttraumatic stress disorder. Although limited, some evidence suggests that more recent, more frequent, or more severe episodes of hypoglycemia may be associated with adverse outcomes and that the context in which hypoglycemia takes places might be important in relation to its impact. Conclusions There is insufficient evidence regarding the impact of hypoglycemia on QoL in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes at this stage. There is a need for further research to examine this relationship, ideally using hypoglycemia-specific QoL measures.

scholarly journals Effect of periodontal therapy on COPD outcomes: a systematic review

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ioulianos Apessos ◽  
Athanasios Voulgaris ◽  
Michalis Agrafiotis ◽  
Dimitrios Andreadis ◽  
Paschalis Steiropoulos
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Lung Function ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Periodontal Therapy ◽  
Periodontal Treatment ◽  
Quality Of Evidence ◽  
Copd Patients ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Latest evidence suggests that periodontitis is prevalent among patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), while recent studies have also reported a potential benefit of periodontal treatment on several COPD outcomes. This systematic review aims to determine the impact of periodontal treatment on exacerbation rate, lung function and quality of life of COPD patients. Methods A systematic search of electronic databases of PubMed, Scopus, Virtual Health Library, ScienceDirect, Wiley Online Library, Web of Science, ProQuest Dissertation and Theses Global and Google Scholar was conducted. Search restricted to studies involving human subjects which were published from January 2000 to March 2020 in English language. Distiller Systematic Review software was used for data management. Risk of bias was assessed using Risk of Bias 2 (RoB2) and Risk of Bias for non-randomized studies of intervention (ROBINS-I) tools. Overall quality of evidence was judged based on Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation working group methodology. Results Out of 1442 articles retrieved, 7 full text articles were included in the review. Limited evidence suggests that periodontal treatment in patients with COPD and periodontitis is associated with reduced exacerbation frequency and a slower lung function decline rate, while its effects on quality of life remain unclear. In addition, periodontal treatment in COPD is associated with lower hospitalization rates and reduced all-cause mortality. Significant methodological differences were noted amongst included studies, while very low-to-moderate overall quality of evidence was demonstrated. Conclusions Although it is reasonable to advise COPD patients not to neglect their dental health, further studies are warranted to determine the role of periodontal therapy on COPD clinical outcomes. Trial Registration: PROSPERO 2020 (CRD42020158481). https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42020158481

scholarly journals The impact of intensive care unit diaries on patients’ and relatives’ outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Critical Care ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruna Brandao Barreto ◽  
Mariana Luz ◽  
Marcos Nogueira de Oliveira Rios ◽  
Antonio Alberto Lopes ◽  
Dimitri Gusmao-Flores
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Icu Diary

Abstract Background Memory gaps in intensive care unit (ICU) survivors are associated with psychiatric disorders. The ICU diaries improve the patient’s factual memory of the ICU, but it is not clear if they reduce the incidence of psychiatric disorders in patients and relatives after hospital discharge. The aim of this study is to evaluate the literature on the effect of ICU diaries for patients admitted in ICU and their relatives. Methods Two authors independently searched the online databases PubMed, OVID, Embase, EBSCO host, and PsycINFO from inception to July 2019. Studies were included if the intervention group (ICU diary) was compared with a group with no diaries and the sample was comprised patients ≥ 18 years old admitted in the ICU for more than 24 h and their relatives. Randomized clinical trials, observational studies, letter with original data, and abstracts were included, irrespective of the language. The search was not limited by any specific outcome. Review articles, commentaries, editorials, and studies without a control group were excluded. Structured tools were used to assess the methodological quality (“Risk Of Bias In Non-randomized Studies of Interventions (ROBINS-I)” for cohort studies and the “Cochrane Risk of Bias tool” for included RCTs and before/after studies). A random-effects model was employed considering the anticipated variability between the studies. Results Seven hundred eighty-five titles were identified for screening. Two additional studies were selected after a reference search, and after a full-text review, a total of 12 studies were included. When pooling the results, ICU diary was associated with lower risk of depression (RR 0.41, 95% CI 0.23–0.75) and better quality of life (10.3 points higher in SF-36 general health score, 95% CI 0.79–19.8), without a decrease in anxiety or post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). For the relatives receiving an ICU diary, there was no difference in the incidence of PTSD, anxiety, or depression. Conclusion and relevance This systematic review and meta-analysis supports the use of ICU diaries to reduce the risk of depression and preserve the quality of life of patients after ICU admission. ICU diaries do not seem to have any beneficial effect on the relatives of the patients. Trial registration PROSPERO, CRD42019136639

scholarly journals Technology-Mediated Interventions and Quality of Life for Persons Living with HIV/AIDS

2017 ◽  
Vol 08 (02) ◽  
pp. 348-368 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hwayoung Cho ◽  
Sarah Iribarren ◽  
Rebecca Schnall
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Persons Living With Hiv ◽  
Impact Of Technology ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Hiv Aids

SummaryBackground: As HIV/AIDS is considered a chronic disease; quality of life (QoL) has become an important focus for researchers and healthcare providers. Technology-mediated interventions have demonstrated improved clinical effectiveness in outcomes, such as viral suppression, for persons living with HIV/AIDS (PLWH). However, the evidence to support the impact of these interventions on QoL is lacking.Objectives: The aim of this paper was to assess the impact of technology-mediated interventions on QoL and to identify the instruments used to measure the QoL of PLWH.Methods: For this review we followed the PRISMA guidelines. A literature search was conducted in PubMed, CINAHL, Cochrane, and EMBASE databases in April 2016. Inclusion criteria limited articles to those with technology-mediated interventions as compared to usual care; articles with the population defined as HIV-infected patients; and articles with QoL measured as a health outcome in randomized controlled trials. The Cochrane Collaboration Risk of Bias Tool was used to assess study quality.Results: Of the 1,554 peer-reviewed articles returned in the searches, 10 met the inclusion criteria. This systematic review identified four types of technology-mediated interventions and two types of QoL instruments used to examine the impact of technology-mediated interventions on PLWH. Four studies of technology-mediated interventions resulted in improvement in QoL. Four studies considered QoL as a secondary outcome and resulted in a negative or neutral impact on QoL. Overall, four studies had a low risk of bias, one study had a moderate risk of bias, and the other five studies had a high risk of bias.Conclusions: The evidence to support the improvement of QoL using technology-mediated interventions is insufficient. This lack of research highlights the need for increased study of QoL as an outcome measure and the need for consistent measures to better understand the role of technology-mediated interventions in improving QoL for PLWH.Citation: Hwayoung Cho, Sarah Iribarren, Rebecca Schnall. Technology-Mediated Interventions and Quality of Life for Persons Living with HIV/AIDS: A Systematic Review. Appl Clin Inform 2017; 8: 348–368 https://doi.org/10.4338/ACI-2016-10-R-0175

scholarly journals Second Generation Antipsychotics Improve Sexual Dysfunction in Schizophrenia: A Randomised Controlled Trial

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed Mahmoud ◽  
Karen P. Hayhurst ◽  
Richard J. Drake ◽  
Shôn W. Lewis
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Sexual Function ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Randomised Trial ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Second Generation Antipsychotics ◽  
Quality Of Life Scale ◽  
The Impact

The impact of antipsychotic drug treatment on sexual function was investigated during a randomised trial comparing first generation antipsychotics (FGAs) to (nonclozapine) second generation antipsychotics (SGAs). Sexual function and quality of life were (rater-blind) assessed in 42 patients with DSM-IV schizophrenia (aged 18–65) using the self-report version of the Derogatis Interview for Sexual Function (DISF-SR) and the Heinrichs Quality of Life Scale (QLS), prior to, and 12 weeks following, a change in medication from an FGA drug to either an FGA or SGA drug. SGAs significantly improved sexual function compared to FGAs. Change in sexual function was associated with change in quality of life. Where impaired sexual functioning is a distressing adverse effect of treatment with an FGA agent, consideration should be given to switching to an SGA.

The relationship between time spent in volunteering activities and quality of life in adults over the age of 50 years: A systematic review

2018 ◽  
Vol 81 (11) ◽  
pp. 613-623 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin Milbourn ◽  
Jaya Saraswati ◽  
Angus Buchanan
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Life Outcomes ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Quality Of Life Outcomes ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Introduction Increased attention has focused on the importance of time spent by ageing adults in volunteering. The aim of this systematic review was to analyse literature exploring the relationship between time spent volunteering and quality of life for adults over the age of 50 years. Method Electronic searches of nine databases located relevant articles involving adults over the age of 50 in volunteering activities that included psychological, physical and social quality of life domains. The quality of the selected articles was assessed and data extracted using preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses. Results Of the 65 articles retrieved, 22 were reviewed and eight included in the final review. Studies included one randomised controlled trial, one cross-sectional and six longitudinal studies. Levels of time spent volunteering by participants within the studies varied considerably. Articles retrieved reported positive quality of life outcomes including increases in life satisfaction, self-esteem and social support and a slowed functional decline. Conclusion Volunteering is identified as an important occupation for adults over the age of 50, although the relationship between time spent volunteering and the impact on quality of life outcomes is still not fully understood. Future research is required to better understand the impact of time spent volunteering on quality of life.

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