scholarly journals Phylogeny of hydrothermal vent Iphionidae, with the description of a new species (Aphroditiformia, Annelida)

ZooKeys ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 779 ◽  
pp. 89-107
Author(s):  
Marina F. McCowin ◽  
Greg W. Rouse
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Ocean ◽  
Hydrothermal Vent ◽  
Hydrothermal Vents ◽  
East Pacific Rise ◽  
Rrna Genes ◽  
28S Rrna ◽  
West Pacific ◽  
East Pacific ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
The Pacific Ocean

The scale-worm family Iphionidae consists of four genera. Of these, Thermiphione has two accepted species, both native to hydrothermal vents in the Pacific Ocean; T.fijiensis Miura, 1994 (West Pacific) and T.tufari Hartmann-Schröder, 1992 (East Pacific Rise). Iphionella is also known from the Pacific, and has two recognized species; Iphionellarisensis Pettibone, 1986 (East Pacific Rise, hydrothermal vents) and I.philippinensis Pettibone, 1986 (West Pacific, deep sea). In this study, phylogenetic analyses of Iphionidae from various hydrothermal vent systems of the Pacific Ocean were conducted utilizing morphology and mitochondrial (COI and 16S rRNA) and nuclear (18S and 28S rRNA) genes. The results revealed a new iphionid species, described here as Thermiphionerapanuisp. n. The analyses also demonstrated the paraphyly of Thermiphione, requiring Iphionellarisensis to be referred to the genus, as Thermiphionerisensis (Pettibone, 1986).

Records of species of the hippolytid genus Lebbeus White, 1847 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Caridea) from hydrothermal vents in the Pacific Ocean, with descriptions of three new species

Zootaxa ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 3241 (1) ◽  
pp. 35 ◽  
Author(s):  
TOMOYUKI KOMAI ◽  
SHINJI TSUCHIDA ◽  
MICHEL SEGONZAC
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Pacific Ocean ◽  
Hydrothermal Vents ◽  
Okinawa Trough ◽  
East Pacific Rise ◽  
East Pacific ◽  
The Okinawa Trough ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
The Pacific Ocean ◽  
Three New Species

Five species of the hippolytid shrimp genus Lebbeus White, 1847 are reported from various deep-water hydrothermal ventsites in the Pacific Ocean: L. laurentae Wicksten, 2010 from the East Pacific Rise 13°N; L. wera Ahyong, 2009 from theBrothers Seamount, Kermadec Ridge, New Zealand; L. pacmanus sp. nov. from the Manus Basin, Bismarck Sea; L.shinkaiae sp. nov. from the Okinawa Trough, Japan; and L. thermophilus sp. nov. from the Manus and Lau basins, south-western Pacific. Lebbeus laurentae is fully redescribed because the original and subsequent descriptions are not totallydetailed. Differentiating characters among the three new species and close allies are discussed. Previous records of Lebbeus species from hydrothermal vents are reviewed.

New species of holothurian (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea) from hydrothermal vent habitats

2000 ◽  
Vol 80 (2) ◽  
pp. 321-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.V. Smirnov ◽  
A.V. Gebruk ◽  
S.V. Galkin ◽  
T. Shank
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Hydrothermal Vent ◽  
Hydrothermal Vents ◽  
East Pacific Rise ◽  
The West ◽  
West Pacific ◽  
East Pacific ◽  
The Family ◽  
Hydrothermal Environment ◽  
Deposit Feeding

A new holothurian species Chiridota hydrothermica (Apodida: Chiridotidae) is described, restricted to hydrothermal vent habitats. The new species is known from the west Pacific (Manus and North Fiji Basins) and the South East Pacific Rise, between 17 and 21°S. The unusual large, lobe-like tentacles of this holothurian, uncommon in the family Chiridotidae, could be an adaptation to facilitate shifts between suspension- and deposit-feeding in the hydrothermal environment. A brief review of all known records of holothurians and other echinoderms at hydrothermal vents is given.

Biogeography and evolution of hydrothermal-vent fauna in the eastern Pacific Ocean

1988 ◽  
Vol 233 (1272) ◽  
pp. 347-366 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Ocean ◽  
Hydrothermal Vent ◽  
Hydrothermal Vents ◽  
East Pacific Rise ◽  
Eastern Pacific ◽  
Eastern Pacific Ocean ◽  
Evolutionary Patterns ◽  
East Pacific ◽  
Juan De Fuca ◽  
History Of

The biogeography and evolutionary history of animals that live at hydrothermal vents are connected intimately to the spreading history of mid-ocean ridges. Extensive collections from two active ridge systems in the eastern Pacific Ocean provide an opportunity to examine the regional dispersion of vent-limited organisms. The degrees to which these habitat-limited species from disjunct areas are related gives preliminary information about exchange routes, dispersability, and rates of taxonomic change. Differences between vent faunae from the northern Juan de Fuca and southern East Pacific Rise systems indicate that geographical differentiation has occurred. Geophysical evidence shows that North America interposed as a barrier between the northeast and equatorial Pacific spreading ridges about 35 Ma BP. The vicariating vent fauna of the Juan de Fuca Ridge has since formed an endemic assemblage of generally lower diversity than that found at East Pacific Rise vents. Taxonomic comparisons suggest that rates of speciation have been low. Examination of spreading histories elsewhere should provide predictions of evolutionary patterns in the hydrothermal-vent faunae.

scholarly journals A biogeographic network reveals evolutionary links between deep-sea hydrothermal vent and methane seep faunas

2016 ◽  
Vol 283 (1844) ◽  
pp. 20162337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steffen Kiel
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Ocean ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
Hydrothermal Vents ◽  
Subduction Zones ◽  
Continental Margins ◽  
Stepping Stones ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
The Pacific Ocean ◽  
Active Continental Margins ◽  
Ocean Ridge

Deep-sea hydrothermal vents and methane seeps are inhabited by members of the same higher taxa but share few species, thus scientists have long sought habitats or regions of intermediate character that would facilitate connectivity among these habitats. Here, a network analysis of 79 vent, seep, and whale-fall communities with 121 genus-level taxa identified sedimented vents as a main intermediate link between the two types of ecosystems. Sedimented vents share hot, metal-rich fluids with mid-ocean ridge-type vents and soft sediment with seeps. Such sites are common along the active continental margins of the Pacific Ocean, facilitating connectivity among vent/seep faunas in this region. By contrast, sedimented vents are rare in the Atlantic Ocean, offering an explanation for the greater distinction between its vent and seep faunas compared with those of the Pacific Ocean. The distribution of subduction zones and associated back-arc basins, where sedimented vents are common, likely plays a major role in the evolutionary and biogeographic connectivity of vent and seep faunas. The hypothesis that decaying whale carcasses are dispersal stepping stones linking these environments is not supported.

scholarly journals Cryptic species of Archinome (Annelida: Amphinomida) from vents and seeps

2013 ◽  
Vol 280 (1770) ◽  
pp. 20131876 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Borda ◽  
Jerry D. Kudenov ◽  
Pierre Chevaldonné ◽  
James A. Blake ◽  
Daniel Desbruyères ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrothermal Vent ◽  
Species Delimitation ◽  
Hydrothermal Vents ◽  
Evolutionary Relationships ◽  
Molecular Evidence ◽  
Mitochondrial Cytochrome ◽  
East Pacific ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
First Time ◽  
Galapagos Rift

Since its description from the Galapagos Rift in the mid-1980s, Archinome rosacea has been recorded at hydrothermal vents in the Pacific, Atlantic and Indian Oceans. Only recently was a second species described from the Pacific Antarctic Ridge. We inferred the identities and evolutionary relationships of Archinome representatives sampled from across the hydrothermal vent range of the genus, which is now extended to cold methane seeps. Species delimitation using mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) recovered up to six lineages, whereas concatenated datasets (COI, 16S, 28S and ITS1) supported only four or five of these as clades. Morphological approaches alone were inconclusive to verify the identities of species owing to the lack of discrete diagnostic characters. We recognize five Archinome species, with three that are new to science. The new species, designated based on molecular evidence alone, include: Archinome levinae n. sp., which occurs at both vents and seeps in the east Pacific, Archinome tethyana n. sp., which inhabits Atlantic vents and Archinome jasoni n. sp., also present in the Atlantic, and whose distribution extends to the Indian and southwest Pacific Oceans. Biogeographic connections between vents and seeps are highlighted, as are potential evolutionary links among populations from vent fields located in the east Pacific and Atlantic Oceans, and Atlantic and Indian Oceans; the latter presented for the first time.

Presence of postlarval alvinocaridid shrimps over south-west Indian Ocean hydrothermal vents, with comparisons of the pelagic biomass at different vent sites

2006 ◽  
Vol 86 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter J. Herring
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Hydrothermal Vent ◽  
Hydrothermal Vents ◽  
East Pacific Rise ◽  
West Indian ◽  
South West Indian Ocean ◽  
East Pacific ◽  
South West ◽  
Water Fish ◽  
West Indian Ocean

Two types of alvinocaridid shrimp postlarvae were taken at plume depth over the Kairei and Edmond hydrothermal vent fields in the south-west Indian Ocean. These postlarvae were superficially indistinguishable from similar postlarvae taken previously over hydrothermal vents in the Atlantic. The micronekton invertebrate taxa in the water column over the Kairei and Edmond sites were similar to those in the Atlantic. The most frequently taken deep-water fish at Kairei was an unidentified cyemid snipe eel, whereas in the Atlantic its place was taken by Gonostoma bathyphilum and species of the melamphaeid Scopeloberyx. Previous sampling over East Pacific Rise hydrothermal sites at 13°N failed to take any alvinocaridid postlarvae, but the ostracod Gigantocypris agassizi was a major component of the micronekton.

scholarly journals Female description of the hydrothermal vent cephalopod Vulcanoctopus hydrothermalis

2008 ◽  
Vol 88 (2) ◽  
pp. 375-379 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.F. González ◽  
A. Guerra ◽  
S. Pascual ◽  
M. Segonzac
Keyword(s):  
Internal Structure ◽  
Hydrothermal Vent ◽  
Hydrothermal Vents ◽  
East Pacific Rise ◽  
Sperm Storage ◽  
External Morphology ◽  
East Pacific ◽  
Manned Submersible ◽  
Biological Sampling ◽  
A Site

During biological sampling of hydrothermal vents on the East Pacific Rise, the manned submersible ‘Nautile’ caught the first female of the endemic cephalopod Vulcanoctopus hydrothermalis. The specimen caught at the vent site Gromit (21°33 66′S, 114°17 98′W at 2832 m depth) is described here in detail and an amended diagnosis of the species proposed. The external morphology, measurements and internal structure resemble that of males of this species. One of the most remarkable characters is the lack of spermathecae and the absence of apical filaments in the oocytes to provide a site for sperm storage. It is suggested that some species of the genera Benthoctopus and Bathypolypus would be the most suitable octopod ancestor of V. hydrothermalis.

Chemoautotrophic function of bacterial symbionts in small Pogonophora

1986 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 415-437 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. Southward ◽  
Eve C. Southward ◽  
P. R. Dando ◽  
R. L. Barrett ◽  
R. Ling
Keyword(s):  
Hydrothermal Vent ◽  
Hydrothermal Vents ◽  
Posterior Part ◽  
The Body ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Bacterial Symbionts ◽  
Sulphur Compounds ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
The Pacific Ocean ◽  
Reduced Sulphur Compounds

INTRODUCTIONThe small species of Pogonophora that are widely distributed in sediments along the Continental Slope and in the Norwegian fjords (Webb, 1965; Southward & Southward, 1967; Southward, 1971,1979) carry Gram-negative bacteria in the posterior part of the body (Southward, 1982). In this they resemble the giant pogonophores (Vestimentifera) that live around hydrothermal vents in the Pacific ocean floor (Cavanaugh et al. 1981; Cavanaugh, 1983). The bacteria in both groups are autotrophic (Felbeck, 1981; Southward et al. 1981), capable of synthesizing organic matter from carbon dioxide. The bacteria in Riftia and other vent pogonophores appear to obtain energy by oxidation of reduced sulphur compounds (Felbeck, 1981; Felbeck, Childress & Somero, 1981). Hydrothermal vent waters may contain as much as 6 nut dissolved sulphide (Edmond et al. 1982; Edmond & Von Damm, 1983), which is diluted to about 200-300 μM near the giant pogonophores, whose blood can transport sulphide without affecting the affinity of its haemoglobin for oxygen (Arp & Childress, 1983; Powell & Somero, 1983; Childress, Arp & Fisher, 1984).

scholarly journals First record of hybridization between greenChelonia mydasand hawksbillEretmochelys imbricatasea turtles in the Southeast Pacific

PeerJ ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. e1712 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaleyla Kelez ◽  
Ximena Velez-Zuazo ◽  
Aldo S. Pacheco
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Ocean ◽  
Sea Turtles ◽  
Sea Turtle ◽  
Morphological Evidence ◽  
Healthy Population ◽  
Turtle Species ◽  
East Pacific ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Southeast Pacific ◽  
The Pacific Ocean

Hybridization among sea turtle species has been widely reported in the Atlantic Ocean, but their detection in the Pacific Ocean is limited to just two individual hybrid turtles, in the northern hemisphere. Herein, we report, for the first time in the southeast Pacific, the presence of a sea turtle hybrid between the green turtleChelonia mydasand the hawksbill turtleEretmochelys imbricata.This juvenile sea turtle was captured in northern Peru (4°13′S; 81°10′W) on the 5thof January, 2014. The individual exhibited morphological characteristics ofC. mydassuch as dark green coloration, single pair of pre-frontal scales, four post-orbital scales, and mandibular median ridge, while the presence of two claws in each frontal flipper, and elongated snout resembled the features ofE. imbricata. In addition to morphological evidence, we confirmed the hybrid status of this animal using genetic analysis of the mitochondrial gene cytochrome oxidase I, which revealed that the hybrid individual resulted from the cross between a femaleE. imbricataand a maleC. mydas. Our report extends the geographical range of occurrence of hybrid sea turtles in the Pacific Ocean, and is a significant observation of interspecific breeding between one of the world’s most critically endangered populations of sea turtles, the east PacificE. imbricata, and a relatively healthy population, the east PacificC. mydas.

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