scholarly journals Investigation of the zinc accumulation in the tissue and performance in broilers raised with high levels of zinc sulfate feed under heat stress

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Zinc Sulfate ◽  
Zinc Accumulation ◽  
And Performance

scholarly journals Effects of cooled floor pads combined with chilled drinking water on behavior and performance of lactating sows under heat stress

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Y Zhu ◽  
L J Johnston ◽  
M H Reese ◽  
E S Buchanan ◽  
J E Tallaksen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Heat Stress ◽  
Respiration Rate ◽  
Rectal Temperature ◽  
Time Budget ◽  
Video Recording ◽  
Lactating Sows ◽  
Before And After ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Drinking Frequency

Abstract This study was conducted to evaluate whether cooled floor pads combined with chilled drinking water could alleviate negative impacts of heat stress on lactating sows. Thirty sows (Landrace × Yorkshire, Parity = 1 to 6) were housed in individual farrowing stalls in two rooms with temperatures being controlled at 29.4°C (0700–1900 hours) and 23.9°C (1900–0700 hours). Sows in one room (Cool), but not in the other room (Control) were provided cooled floor pads (21–22°C) and chilled drinking water (13–15°C). Behavior of sows (15 sows/treatment) was video recorded during farrowing, and days 1, 3, 7, 14, and 21 after farrowing. Videos were viewed continuously to register the birth time of each piglet, from which total farrowing duration and birth intervals were calculated. The number of drinking bouts and the duration of each drinking bout were registered for each sow through viewing videos continuously for 2 h (1530–1730 hours) each video-recording day. Postures (lying laterally, lying ventrally, sitting, and standing) were recorded by scanning video recordings at 5-min intervals for 24 h each video-recording day, and time budget for each posture was calculated. Rectal temperature and respiration rate were measured for all sows the day before and after farrowing, and then once weekly. Sow and litter performance was recorded. Data were analyzed using the Glimmix procedure of SAS. The cooling treatment did not affect sow behavior or litter performance. Sows in the Cool room had lower rectal temperature (P = 0.03) and lower respiration rate (P < 0.001), consumed more feed (P = 0.03), tended to have reduced weight loss (P = 0.07), and backfat loss (P = 0.07) during lactation than sows in the Control room. As lactation progressed, sows increased drinking frequency (P < 0.001) and time spent lying ventrally (P < 0.0001), standing (P < 0.001), and sitting (P < 0.0001), and decreased time spent lying laterally (P < 0.0001) in both Cool and Control rooms. While cooled floor pads combined with chilled drinking water did not affect sow behavior, they did alleviate heat stress partially, as indicated by decreased rectal temperature, respiration rate, weight, and backfat loss, and increased feed intake in lactating sows.

scholarly journals Bacillus subtilis-Based Probiotic Improves Skeletal Health and Immunity in Broiler Chickens Exposed to Heat Stress

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1494
Author(s):  
Sha Jiang ◽  
Fei-Fei Yan ◽  
Jia-Ying Hu ◽  
Ahmed Mohammed ◽  
Heng-Wei Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Heat Stress ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Heat Waves ◽  
Stress Sensitivity ◽  
Current Data ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Skeletal Health ◽  
Welfare Issue ◽  
And Performance

The elevation of ambient temperature beyond the thermoneutral zone leads to heat stress, which is a growing health and welfare issue for homeothermic animals aiming to maintain relatively constant reproducibility and survivability. Particularly, global warming over the past decades has resulted in more hot days with more intense, frequent, and long-lasting heat waves, resulting in a global surge in animals suffering from heat stress. Heat stress causes pathophysiological changes in animals, increasing stress sensitivity and immunosuppression, consequently leading to increased intestinal permeability (leaky gut) and related neuroinflammation. Probiotics, as well as prebiotics and synbiotics, have been used to prevent or reduce stress-induced negative effects on physiological and behavioral homeostasis in humans and various animals. The current data indicate dietary supplementation with a Bacillus subtilis-based probiotic has similar functions in poultry. This review highlights the recent findings on the effects of the probiotic Bacillus subtilis on skeletal health of broiler chickens exposed to heat stress. It provides insights to aid in the development of practical strategies for improving health and performance in poultry.

scholarly journals Effects of Heat Stress on Gut-Microbial Metabolites, Gastrointestinal Peptides, Glycolipid Metabolism, and Performance of Broilers

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 1286
Author(s):  
Guangju Wang ◽  
Xiumei Li ◽  
Ying Zhou ◽  
Jinghai Feng ◽  
Minhong Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Resistance Index ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
16S Rrna Genes ◽  
Rrna Genes ◽  
Microbial Metabolites ◽  
Glycolipid Metabolism ◽  
Gastrointestinal Peptides ◽  
And Performance

This paper investigated the effects of heat stress on gut-microbial metabolites, gastrointestinal peptides, glycolipid metabolism, and performance of broilers. Thus, 132 male Arbor Acres broilers, 28-days-old, were randomly distributed to undergo two treatments: thermoneutral control (TC, 21 °C) and high temperature (HT, 31 °C). The results showed that the average daily gain (ADG), average daily feed intake (ADFI), and gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP) concentration in the jejunum significantly decreased the core temperature, feed conversion ratio (FCR), and ghrelin of the hypothalamus, and cholecystokinin (CCK) in jejunum, and serum significantly increased in the HT group (p < 0.05). Exploration of the structure of cecal microbes was accomplished by sequencing 16S rRNA genes. The sequencing results showed that the proportion of Christensenellaceae and Lachnospiraceae decreased significantly whereas the proportion of Peptococcaceae increased at the family level (p < 0.05). Ruminococcus and Clostridium abundances significantly increased at the genus level. Furthermore, the content of acetate in the HT group significantly increased. Biochemical parameters showed that the blood glucose concentration of the HT group significantly decreased, and the TG (serum triglycerides), TC (total cholesterol), insulin concentration, and the insulin resistance index significantly increased. Nonesterified fatty acid (NEFA) in the HT group decreased significantly. In conclusion, the results of this paper suggest that the poor production performance of broilers under heat stress may be related to short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) fermented by intestinal microbiota involved in regulating metabolic disorders.

Genetic variation of rectal temperature and its relationship to milk production in Holstein dairy cows

2009 ◽  
Vol 2009 ◽  
pp. 63-63
Author(s):  
S Khalajzade ◽  
N Emam Jomeh ◽  
A Salehi ◽  
A Moghimi Esfandabadi
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Heat Tolerance ◽  
Rectal Temperature ◽  
Weather Factors ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Very High ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Holstein Dairy Cows

Milk production is significantly decreased by thermal stress. The survival and performance of an animal during heat stress periods depend on several weather factors, especially temperature and humidity. Researchers reported dramatic decreases in milk production as temperature rose above 30 degree of centigrade. Very high environmental temperature is common during the summer months in Iran. Rectal temperature is as indicator of heat tolerance and has been the most frequently used physiological variable for estimating heat tolerance in cattle. Some dairy cows are more heat tolerant and productive when subjected to heat stress. Identification and selection of heat stress resistant cattle offers the potential to increase milk yield in tropical environment. The aim of the present study was to estimate genetic parameters of heat tolerance and its relationship to milk production in Holstein Dairy Cows in Iran.

scholarly journals Impact of heat stress on health and performance of dairy animals: A review

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 260-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramendra Das ◽  
Lalrengpuii Sailo ◽  
Nishant Verma ◽  
Pranay Bharti ◽  
Jnyanashree Saikia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Dairy Animals ◽  
And Performance

The Preparation and Performance of a Multifunctional Corrosion Inhibitor in Seawater

2013 ◽  
Vol 773 ◽  
pp. 704-708
Author(s):  
Xin Wang ◽  
Zhen Fa Liu ◽  
Zhan Liu ◽  
Yun Juan Wu ◽  
Li Hui Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Corrosion Inhibitor ◽  
Corrosion Inhibition ◽  
Zinc Sulfate ◽  
Inhibition Rate ◽  
Sodium Gluconate ◽  
Polyaspartic Acid ◽  
Corrosion Tests ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Inhibition Performance

A multifunctional corrosion inhibitor was prepared from polyaspartic acid (PASP), sodium gluconate,zinc sulfate,hydroxyphosphonoacetic acid (HPAA) and benzotriazole (BTA). The performance of corrosion inhibition was evaluated by rotary hanging-piece corrosion tests and steady polarization. The result showed that the corrosion inhibitor was an anodic inhibitor and had good corrosion inhibition performance both on A3 carbon steel and H62 copper in seawater. The corrosion inhibition rate of A3 carbon steel was 93.15% and the corrosion inhibition rate of H62 copper was 93.55% when the concentration of corrosion inhibitor was 150 mgL-1in seawater at 40°C.

scholarly journals Effects of late-gestation heat stress on immunity and performance of calves

2016 ◽  
Vol 99 (4) ◽  
pp. 3193-3198 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.E. Dahl ◽  
S. Tao ◽  
A.P.A. Monteiro
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Late Gestation ◽  
And Performance

Incubation and rearing temperature effects on Hsp70 levels and heat stress response in broilers

2003 ◽  
Vol 83 (2) ◽  
pp. 213-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. E. N. Givisiez ◽  
R. L. Furlan ◽  
E. B. Malheiros ◽  
M. Macari
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Stress Response ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Incubation Temperature ◽  
Broiler Performance ◽  
Heat Stress Response ◽  
Rearing Temperature ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Colonic Temperature

Incubation temperature (IT) was changed to evaluate if 6-wk-old birds become more tolerant to heat stress. After 13 d of incubation, 470 eggs were submitted to low (36.8°C), normal (37.8°C) and high (38.8°C) temperatures. At day 7 post-hatching, 144 birds were allocated to three rearing temperatures (48 birds/treatment): control/thermoneutral (35–24°C), high (33–30°C) or low (27–18°C) according to the age of the birds. Hsp70 levels in tissues of birds (1 d and 42 d), stress response (42 d) and performance were evaluated. High IT decreased brain (P < 0.01) and liver (P < 0.01) Hsp70 levels, whereas low IT decreased brain (P < 0.01) but increased heart (P < 0.01) Hsp70 levels in 1-d old chicks. Birds incubated at a low temperature had higher (P < 0.05) feed intake (1-42 d). High rearing temperature decreased feed intake (P <0.01) and liveweight (P <0.01). Colonic temperature was lower in birds incubated at a low temperature (P < 0.05) and higher in birds reared in a high temperature (P < 0.05) before heat stress. Birds reared in low temperature had higher increase in colonic temperature after heat stress (P < 0.05). Tissue Hsp70 levels were differently affected by rearing temperature, which affected broiler performance more than IT. Lower IT seemed to increase the sensitivity of birds to heat stress at market age. Key words: Heat resistance, Hsp70, incubation temperature, rearing temperature

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