scholarly journals For a quality drama on television: the second golden age of North American television

Comunicar ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 13 (25) ◽  
Author(s):  
María-del-Carmen Castro-Rodríguez

This paper vindicates the current US television drama as an example of quality television able to entertain the audience and to stimulate its intelligence as well with complex dramatic structures and thematic density. The starting point is Robert S. Thompson's statement that in the eighties the US television began his second golden age. Next we will analyze four network dramas, two remarkable for their thematic quality (The west wing and Buffy, the vampire slayer) and two for their fascinating plot structures (24 and Lost). Según Robert Thompson, la ficción televisiva norteamericana vive en la actualidad una segunda edad dorada que remite a la primera, ese corto periodo de tiempo en los años cincuenta en el que el género de la antología ofreció a la entonces minoritaria pero influyente audiencia una visión crítica de la sociedad vedada para el cine. Se trató de una experiencia corta debido a la influencia de las agencias de publicidad, el primer paso hacia una trivialización del medio que sería satirizada con fortuna en «Network, un mundo implacable» por Paddy Chayefsky, uno de los autores más sobresalientes de la antología dramática. Sin embargo, a principios de los años ochenta algo cambió: mientras los informativos se dejaban llevar por las fórmulas de infotainment, el drama televisivo se hacía más rico a nivel narrativo y temático. El resultado fueron un puñado de series como «Canción triste de Hill Street», «Hospital», «Luz de luna» y «Playas de China» que casi nunca aspiraron a ser grandes éxitos de audiencia, pero que se convirtieron en el referente de un nuevo tipo de televisión de calidad que inspiró el nacimiento de asociaciones como Viewers for Quality Television. El resultado de esa evolución es una ficción altamente estimulante que incorpora con rapidez los tópicos de actualidad (como los atentados del 11 de septiembre de 2001) y analiza todo tipo de temas controvertidos aprovechándose de la libertad de la ficción a la vez que su complejidad estructural tiene un notable efecto cognitivo (como defiende Steven Johnson). El presente trabajo pretende analizar desde esta perspectiva la producción más reciente partiendo de la noción de televisión de calidad de Thompson y ampliándola con las aportaciones de autores como Glen Creeber y Jane Feuer para reivindicar a la ficción televisiva norteamericana actual como un ejemplo a seguir en países como España. En este apartado centraremos nuestra atención en dos aspectos de la calidad, la calidad temática y la calidad formal. Para lo primero analizaremos el drama político «El ala oeste de la Casa Blanca», que ha sabido hacer atractivo y estimulante el funcionamiento de las instituciones democráticas, y el serial fantástico «Buffy, cazavampiros», que tomando como punto de partida la vida de un instituto ha creado un rico entramado metafórico sobre el paso a la vida adulta. En el apartado de la calidad formal dedicaremos nuestros análisis a la riqueza de las fórmulas narrativas de 24, que se desarrolla en tiempo real y cuenta con una compleja estructura argumental, y Perdidos, un relato coral donde se explota el desorden temporal y la focalización interna.

Author(s):  
James Chapman

In 1954, the US television network CBS broadcast a live studio dramatization of Casino Royale as an instalment of its drama anthology series Climax! Casino Royale was long thought to be “lost” and is still regarded as something of a curio item in the history of James Bond adaptations for the screen. This chapter offers a critical reassessment of the 1954 CBS production of Casino Royale by placing it in the institutional and aesthetic contexts of American television drama in the 1950s. In doing so, it argues that the Americanization of James Bond (played by American actor Barry Nelson) may be seen as part of a strategy of the cultural repositioning of the James Bond character for American consumption.


Author(s):  
Edward Ashbee

This chapter discusses the life and work of Patrick J. Buchanan, who served in three US administrations before making quixotic bids for the US presidency. He was the principal standard-bearer for paleoconservatism, and he popularized a form of politics structured around the white working-class that anticipated the 2016 Trump campaign. Buchanan’s campaigns challenged long-established elites and stressed faith in an American nation based upon a distinct white, northern European heritage. Seen thus, the nation has primacy over the market and is based upon a shared ethnicity rather than on universal principles. This starting point led Buchanan toward the white identitarianism that underpinned The Death of the West in which he contended that the nation was threatened by mass nonwhite immigration. Nonetheless, Buchanan’s efforts to popularize paleoconservative claims were out of step with political time. It took Trump’s campaign to bring the ideas associated with paleoconservatism to the forefront of politics.


Phytotaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 323 (2) ◽  
pp. 128
Author(s):  
TERRI J. HILDEBRAND ◽  
IHSAN A. AL-SHEHBAZ

The North American Great Basin is a region known for its unique geology and harsh climate. Several plant species are endemic to the Basin, including three that were under consideration for endangered species listing by the US Fish and Wildlife Service. During a 2012 inventory for these species, an undescribed Brassicaceae monospecific genus, Terraria, was discovered. Our study presents results from morphological and evolutionary investigations, as well as preliminary ecological observations, of the novelty. Sequence data from rbcL firmly placed the discovery in the tribe Thelypodieae The relationships and distinguishing characters of Terraria haydenii are presented.


2015 ◽  
pp. 30-53
Author(s):  
V. Popov

This paper examines the trajectory of growth in the Global South. Before the 1500s all countries were roughly at the same level of development, but from the 1500s Western countries started to grow faster than the rest of the world and PPP GDP per capita by 1950 in the US, the richest Western nation, was nearly 5 times higher than the world average and 2 times higher than in Western Europe. Since 1950 this ratio stabilized - not only Western Europe and Japan improved their relative standing in per capita income versus the US, but also East Asia, South Asia and some developing countries in other regions started to bridge the gap with the West. After nearly half of the millennium of growing economic divergence, the world seems to have entered the era of convergence. The factors behind these trends are analyzed; implications for the future and possible scenarios are considered.


Author(s):  
Volker Scheid

This chapter explores the articulations that have emerged over the last half century between various types of holism, Chinese medicine and systems biology. Given the discipline’s historical attachments to a definition of ‘medicine’ that rather narrowly refers to biomedicine as developed in Europe and the US from the eighteenth century onwards, the medical humanities are not the most obvious starting point for such an inquiry. At the same time, they do offer one advantage over neighbouring disciplines like medical history, anthropology or science and technology studies for someone like myself, a clinician as well as a historian and anthropologist: their strong commitment to the objective of facilitating better medical practice. This promise furthermore links to the wider project of critique, which, in Max Horkheimer’s definition of the term, aims at change and emancipation in order ‘to liberate human beings from the circumstances that enslave them’. If we take the critical medical humanities as explicitly affirming this shared objective and responsibility, extending the discipline’s traditional gaze is not a burden but becomes, in fact, an obligation.


2016 ◽  
Vol 73 (9) ◽  
pp. 2311-2321 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian R. Bradbury ◽  
Lorraine C. Hamilton ◽  
Timothy F. Sheehan ◽  
Gerald Chaput ◽  
Martha J. Robertson ◽  
...  

Abstract The West Greenland Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) fishery represents the largest remaining mixed-stock fishery for Atlantic Salmon in the Northwest Atlantic and targets multi-sea-winter (MSW) salmon from throughout North America and Europe. We evaluated stock composition of salmon harvested in the waters off West Greenland (n = 5684 individuals) using genetic mixture analysis and individual assignment to inform conservation of North American populations, many of which are failing to meet management targets. Regional contributions to this fishery were estimated using 2169 individuals sampled throughout the fishery between 2011 and 2014. Of these, 22% were identified as European in origin. Major North American contributions were detected from Labrador (∼20%), the Southern Gulf/Cape Breton (29%), and the Gaspe Peninsula (29%). Minor contributions (∼5%) were detected from Newfoundland, Ungava, and Quebec regions. Region-specific catches were extrapolated using estimates of composition and fishery catch logs and harvests ranged from 300 to 600 and 2000 to 3000 individuals for minor and major constituents, respectively. To evaluate the temporal stability of the observed fishery composition, we extended the temporal coverage through the inclusion of previously published data (1995–2006, n = 3095) and data from archived scales (1968–1998, n = 420). Examination of the complete time-series (47 years) suggests relative stability in stock proportions since the late 1980s. Genetic estimates of stock composition were significantly associated with model-based estimates of returning MSW salmon (individual years r = 0.69, and overall mean r = 0.96). This work demonstrates that the analysis of both contemporary and archived samples in a mixed-stock context can disentangle levels of regional exploitation and directly inform assessment and conservation of Atlantic Salmon in the West Greenland interceptory Atlantic Salmon fishery.


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