Efficacy of high-intensity interval training on cardiac autonomic modulation in cardiovascular diseases and lifestyle disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis

The study aims to investigate the literature on the effect of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on cardiac autonomic function in individuals with cardiovascular disease (CVD) and lifestyle disorders. We performed electronic database search from CENTRAL, WoS, Scopus, Pubmed, and PEDro up to 25th February 2021. Randomised control trials/quasi-experimental trials/cross-over trials that assessed the effects of HIIT with control/alternative treatment on cardiac autonomic control were included in this review. A total of 11 studies were included for qualitative analysis and among them, 8 were quantitatively analysed. A random-effect model of standardised mean difference (SMD) and mean difference of the respective outcome measures for cardiac autonomic control was determined. The findings of the qualitative analysis revealed the beneficial effects of HIIT on cardiac autonomic modulation. However, the majority of the studies had an unclear or high risk of bias for randomisation, concealment methods, and blinding of participants to the intervention that could have influenced the interpretation of the findings. The SMD revealed a significant effect of HIIT on standard deviation of N-N intervals (SDNN) (ms) [SMD: 0.40, 95% confidence interval (CI): -0.001 to 0.80, P=0.05], high frequency power (HF) (ms2) [0.46, 95% CI: 0.17 to 0.76, P=0.002], and ratio of low and high frequency power, (LF/HF) [-0.80, 95% CI: -1.27 to -0.33, P=0.0008]. In conclusion, HIIT may effectively modulate cardiac autonomic function by increasing parasympathetic dominance, sympathetic withdrawal, and sympathovagal balance in individuals with CVD and lifestyle disorders. The study has a PROSPERO registration number: CRD42021231225

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Cardiac Autonomic Function and High-Intensity Interval Training in Middle-Age Men

Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise ◽

10.1249/mss.0000000000000307 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 46 (10) ◽

pp. 1960-1967 ◽

Cited By ~ 43

Author(s):

ANTTI M. KIVINIEMI ◽

MIKKO P. TULPPO ◽

JOONAS J. ESKELINEN ◽

ANNA M. SAVOLAINEN ◽

JUKKA KAPANEN ◽

...

Keyword(s):

High Intensity ◽

Autonomic Function ◽

Middle Age ◽

Interval Training ◽

Cardiac Autonomic Function ◽

High Intensity Interval Training ◽

High Intensity Interval

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Comparison of performance-related responses to an endurance running training between untrained men and women

Archivos de Medicina del Deporte ◽

10.18176/archmeddeporte.00021 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 38 (1) ◽

pp. 15-21

Author(s):

D Fernandes da Silva ◽

C Segabinazi Peserico ◽

F Andrade Machado

Keyword(s):

High Intensity ◽

Autonomic Function ◽

Interval Training ◽

Cardiac Autonomic Function ◽

High Intensity Interval Training ◽

Endurance Running ◽

Men And Women ◽

Male And Female ◽

Running Training ◽

High Intensity Interval

Introduction: The adherence on endurance running events is increasing exponentially around the World in both previously untrained men and women, thus the incorporation of more appropriate and individualized training approaches are required. It is not known if male and female untrained runners differ in the responses to endurance running training on performancerelated variables. Objective: We aimed to compare performance-related responses to an endurance running training program between untrained men and women. Material and method: Sixteen participants (8 men and 8 women) were paired in the baseline by age, body mass index, and percentage in which time to complete 5 km (t5km) represented from the average of best 50 runners t5km in the greatest regional race for each gender. They completed an 11-week training protocol alternating high-intensity interval training and moderateintensity continuous running, three times per week, in a running track. In the week 1 and 11 of the protocol (baseline and post-training weeks), peak running velocity at treadmill (Vpeak), time limit (tlim) at 100% Vpeak, t5km, and the index rMSSD of heart rate variability (HRV) were measured for cardiac autonomic function. Baseline gender-differences were accounted in the analysis. Results: Male and female significantly improved Vpeak (9.4 ± 1.7% and 7.2 ± 1.7%, respectively) and t5km (-13.0 ± 1.8% for both), and no gender-related differences for the adaptations in these two variables were observed. The tlim at 100% Vpeak and rMSSD did not change across the training period in both groups. Percentage of change for men was “moderately” higher than for women for rMSSD (33.4 ± 40.7% vs. 13.9 ± 21.4%), although statistically non-significant. Conclusion: Men and women responses to training were similar with regards to their running performance and cardiac autonomic function. With regards to practical application, Vpeak and its tlim can be applied in exercise settings for the prescription of moderate- to high-intensity running training with similar benefits regardless of the biological gender

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Comparison of different volumes of high intensity interval training on cardiac autonomic function in sedentary young women

International Journal of Adolescent Medicine and Health ◽

10.1515/ijamh-2017-0073 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 31 (6) ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Pooja Bhati ◽

Vishal Bansal ◽

Jamal Ali Moiz

Keyword(s):

Heart Rate ◽

Body Composition ◽

Muscle Strength ◽

Young Women ◽

High Intensity ◽

High Frequency ◽

Interval Training ◽

Treadmill Running ◽

High Intensity Interval Training ◽

High Intensity Interval

Abstract Purpose The present study was conducted to compare the effects of low volume of high intensity interval training (LVHIIT) and high volume of high intensity interval training (HVHIIT) on heart rate variability (HRV) as a primary outcome measure, and on maximum oxygen consumption (VO2max), body composition, and lower limb muscle strength as secondary outcome measures, in sedentary young women. Methods Thirty-six participants were recruited in this study. The LVHIIT group (n = 17) performed one 4-min bout of treadmill running at 85%–95% maximum heart rate (HRmax), followed by 3 min of recovery by running at 70% HRmax, three times per week for 6 weeks. The HVHIIT group (n = 15) performed four times 4-min bouts of treadmill running at 85%–95% HRmax, interspersed with 3-min of recovery by running at 70% HRmax, 3 times per week for 6 weeks. All criterion measures were measured before and after training in both the groups. Results Due to attrition of four cases, data of 32 participants was used for analysis. A significant increase in high frequency (HF) power (p < 0.001) and decrease in the ratio of low frequency to high frequency power (LF/HF) ratio (p < 0.001) in HRV parameters, was observed post-HVHIIT, whereas, these variables did not change significantly (HF: p = 0.92, LF/HF ratio: p = 0.52) in LVHIIT group. Nevertheless, both the interventions proved equally effective in improving aerobic capacity (VO2max), body composition, and muscle strength. Conclusion The study results suggest that both LVHIIT and HVHIIT are equally effective in improving VO2max, body composition, and muscle strength, in sedentary young women. However, HVHIIT induces parasympathetic dominance as well, as measured by HRV.

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Cardiac Autonomic Modulation and High Intensity Interval Training in Physically Inactive Men

Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise ◽

10.1249/01.mss.0000518925.07199.58 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 49 (5S) ◽

pp. 724

Author(s):

Jamie M. O’Driscoll ◽

Steven Wright ◽

Katrina A. Taylor ◽

Damian D. Coleman ◽

Jim D. Wiles ◽

...

Keyword(s):

High Intensity ◽

Interval Training ◽

Autonomic Modulation ◽

High Intensity Interval Training ◽

Cardiac Autonomic Modulation ◽

High Intensity Interval ◽

Physically Inactive

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High-Intensity Interval Training Improves Cardiac Autonomic Function in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Biology ◽

10.3390/biology11010066 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 66

Author(s):

Lucas Raphael Bento Silva ◽

Paulo Gentil ◽

Camila Simões Seguro ◽

Jordana Campos Martins de Oliveira ◽

Maria Sebastiana Silva ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

High Intensity ◽

Interval Training ◽

Moderate Intensity ◽

Autonomic Modulation ◽

High Intensity Interval Training ◽

Passive Recovery ◽

Group Time ◽

High Intensity Interval

Different exercise models have been used in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D), like moderate intensity continuous training (MICT) and high intensity interval training (HIIT); however, their effects on autonomic modulation are unknown. The present study aimed to compare the effects of different exercise modes on autonomic modulation in patients with T2D. In total, 44 adults with >5 years of T2D diagnosis were recruited and stratified into three groups: HIIT-30:30 (n = 15, age 59.13 ± 5.57 years) that performed 20 repetitions of 30 s at 100% of VO2peak with passive recovery, HIIT-2:2 (n = 14, age 61.20 ± 2.88) that performed 5 repetitions of 2 min at 100% of VO2peak with passive recovery, and MICT (n = 15, age 58.50 ± 5.26) that performed 14 min of continuous exercise at 70% of VO2peak. All participants underwent anamnesis and evaluation of cardiorespiratory fitness and cardiac autonomic modulation. All protocols were equated by total distance and were performed two times per week for 8 weeks. Group × time interactions were observed for resting heart rate (HRrest) [F(2.82) = 3.641; p = 0.031] and SDNN [F(2.82) = 3.462; p = 0.036]. Only the HIIT-30:30 group significantly reduced SDNN (p = 0.002 and 0.025, respectively). HRrest reduced more in the HIIT-30:30 group compared with the MICT group (p = 0.038). Group × time interactions were also observed for offTAU [F(2.82) = 3.146; p = 0.048] and offTMR [F(2.82) = 4.424; p = 0.015]. The MICT group presented increased values of offTAU compared with the HIIT-30:30 and HIIT-2:2 groups (p = 0.001 and 0.013, respectively), representing a slower HR response after eight weeks of intervention. HIIT, specially HIIT-30:30, represents a promising measure for improving autonomic modulation in patients with T2D.

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High-intensity interval training and cardiac autonomic modulation

Saudi Journal of Sports Medicine ◽

10.4103/sjsm.sjsm_2_17 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 17 (3) ◽

pp. 129 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

JamalAli Moiz ◽

Pooja Bhati

Keyword(s):

High Intensity ◽

Interval Training ◽

Autonomic Modulation ◽

High Intensity Interval Training ◽

Cardiac Autonomic Modulation ◽

High Intensity Interval

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Post-exercise Heart Rate Variability: Whole-body Cryotherapy vs. Contrast Water Therapy

International Journal of Sports Medicine ◽

10.1055/a-1312-6914 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Benoît Sautillet ◽

Pierre Marie Leprêtre ◽

Laurent Schmitt ◽

Said Ahmaidi ◽

Guillaume Costalat

Keyword(s):

High Intensity ◽

High Frequency ◽

Whole Body ◽

Autonomic Modulation ◽

High Frequency Power ◽

Passive Recovery ◽

Water Therapy ◽

Contrast Water Therapy ◽

Whole Body Cryotherapy ◽

Frequency Power

AbstractHigh-intensity training sessions are known to alter cardiac autonomic modulation. The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of whole-body cryotherapy, contrast water therapy and passive recovery on the time course of cardiac autonomic markers following a standardized HIT session. Eleven runners completed a high intensity session followed by one of the following recovery interventions: whole-body cryotherapy, contrast water therapy or passive recovery. Changes in cardiac autonomic modulation were assessed in supine and standing positions during an active tilt test at pre-, post-14 h and post-38 h. In supine, high-frequency power increased from pre- to post-14 h following whole-body cryotherapy (1661.1±914.5 vs. 2799.0±948.4 ms2, respectively; p=0.023) and contrast water therapy (1906.1±1327.9 vs. 4174.3±2762.9 ms2, respectively; p=0.004) whereas high frequency power decreased in response to passive recovery (p=0.009). In standing, low-frequency power increased from pre-to post-38 h (1784.3 ± 953.7 vs. 3339.8±1862.7 ms2, respectively; p=0.017) leading to an increase in total power from pre- to post-38 h (1990.8 ± 1089.4 vs. 3606.1±1992.0 ms2, respectively; p=0.017). Spectral analysis revealed that contrast water therapy appears to be a more efficient recovery strategy than whole-body cryotherapy in restoring cardiac autonomic homeostasis.

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