Determination of the Equilibrium Moisture Content of Oil Palm Fronds Feedstock for Gasification Process

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 360-366 ◽  
Author(s):  
F.M. Guangul ◽  
S.A. Sulaiman ◽  
M.N. Moni ◽  
S.M. Atnaw ◽  
R.E. Konda
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Equilibrium Moisture Content ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Oil Palm Fronds ◽  
Gasification Process ◽  
Palm Fronds

scholarly journals Influence of Fuel Moisture Content and Reactor Temperature on the Calorific Value of Syngas Resulted from Gasification of Oil Palm Fronds

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samson Mekbib Atnaw ◽  
Shaharin Anwar Sulaiman ◽  
Suzana Yusup
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Fuel Gas ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunches ◽  
Oil Palm Fronds ◽  
Reactor Temperature ◽  
Palm Fronds ◽  
Fuel Moisture Content ◽  
Zone Temperature

Biomass wastes produced from oil palm mills and plantations include empty fruit bunches (EFBs), shells, fibers, trunks, and oil palm fronds (OPF). EFBs and shells are partially utilized as boiler fuel while the rest of the biomass materials like OPF have not been utilized for energy generation. No previous study has been reported on gasification of oil palm fronds (OPF) biomass for the production of fuel gas. In this paper, the effect of moisture content of fuel and reactor temperature on downdraft gasification of OPF was experimentally investigated using a lab scale gasifier of capacity 50 kW. In addition, results obtained from equilibrium model of gasification that was developed for facilitating the prediction of syngas composition are compared with experimental data. Comparison of simulation results for predicting calorific value of syngas with the experimental results showed a satisfactory agreement with a mean error of 0.1 MJ/Nm3. For a biomass moisture content of 29%, the resulting calorific value for the syngas was found to be only 2.63 MJ/Nm3, as compared to nearly double (4.95 MJ/Nm3) for biomass moisture content of 22%. A calorific value as high as 5.57 MJ/Nm3was recorded for higher oxidation zone temperature values.

scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF DESIGN PARAMETERS ON THE FORCE AND ENERGY REQUIREMENT FOR CUTTING OIL PALM FRONDS USING MAGNETIC FORCE

2020 ◽  
Vol 82 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohd Rizal Ahmad ◽  
Nordin Jamaludin ◽  
Abdul Razak Jelani ◽  
Azwan Bakri ◽  
Abd Rahim Shuib
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Magnetic Force ◽  
Energy Requirement ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Functional Tests ◽  
Magnetic Actuators ◽  
Oil Palm Fronds ◽  
Cutting Angle ◽  
Palm Fronds

Effects of design parameters (magnetic driving force (M), cutting angle (S) and frond moisture content  (MC) on the specific cutting force (SCF) and specific cutting energy (SCE) for cutting oil palm fronds are investigated. Two types of linear magnetic actuators (500 N and 750 N) and three cutting angles (30o, 45o, and 60o) were tested on two levels of frond moisture content (<50% and >50% moisture content). Experiments conducted revealed that cutting angle and frond moisture content have a significant effect on SCF and SCE, but not the magnetic force. The minimum values of SCF and SCE were 0.3866N/cm2 and 2.0459N/cm, respectively (cutting angle of 45o, moisture content >50%), while the maximum values of SCF and SCE were 2.9432 N/cm2 and 4.1219 N/cm, respectively (cutting angle of 60o and moisture content <50%). The study also revealed that cutting drier fronds (low moisture content) increased the SCF and SCE significantly. A prototype of an oil palm magnetic cutter was developed. Functional tests carried out showed its cutting performance was 254-frond/hour, proving that magnetic force was capable to be used as cutter’s actuator.

scholarly journals Study on Tar Generated from Downdraft Gasification of Oil Palm Fronds

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samson Mekbib Atnaw ◽  
Soo Chuan Kueh ◽  
Shaharin Anwar Sulaiman
Keyword(s):  
Oil Palm ◽  
Relative Concentration ◽  
Volatile Matter ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Cleaning Efficiency ◽  
Oil Palm Fronds ◽  
Gasification Process ◽  
Sampling Protocols ◽  
Biomass Materials ◽  
Palm Fronds

One of the most challenging issues concerning the gasification of oil palm fronds (OPF) is the presence of tar and particulates formed during the process considering its high volatile matter content. In this study, a tar sampling train custom built based on standard tar sampling protocols was used to quantify the gravimetric concentration of tar (g/Nm3) in syngas produced from downdraft gasification of OPF. The amount of char, ash, and solid tar produced from the gasification process was measured in order to account for the mass and carbon conversion efficiency. Elemental analysis of the char and solid tar samples was done using ultimate analysis machine, while the relative concentration of the different compounds in the liquid tar was determined making use of a liquid gas chromatography (GC) unit. Average tar concentration of 4.928 g/Nm3and 1.923 g/Nm3was obtained for raw gas and cleaned gas samples, respectively. Tar concentration in the raw gas sample was found to be higher compared to results for other biomass materials, which could be attributed to the higher volatile matter percentage of OPF. Average cleaning efficiency of 61% which is comparable to that of sand bed filter and venturi scrubber cleaning systems reported in the literature was obtained for the cleaning system proposed in the current study.

scholarly journals Estimation of Moisture Content of Oil Palm Fronds through Correlation with Density for the Process of Gasification

BioResources ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaharin Anwar Sulaiman ◽  
Fiseha Mekonnen Guangul ◽  
Ramzy E. Konda ◽  
Samson M. Atnaw ◽  
Mohamad Nazmi Moni
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Oil Palm Fronds ◽  
Palm Fronds

A Utilization of Choline Chloride-Based Deep Eutectic Solvent Integrated with Alkaline Earth Metal Hexahydrate in the Pretreatment of Oil Palm Fronds

2021 ◽  
Vol 60 (5) ◽  
pp. 2011-2026
Author(s):  
Eng Kein New ◽  
Ta Yeong Wu ◽  
Khai Shing Voon ◽  
Alessandra Procentese ◽  
Katrina Pui Yee Shak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oil Palm ◽  
Alkaline Earth ◽  
Choline Chloride ◽  
Deep Eutectic Solvent ◽  
Earth Metal ◽  
Alkaline Earth Metal ◽  
Oil Palm Fronds ◽  
Palm Fronds

scholarly journals Characteristics of Activated Carbon from Oil Palm Fronds with the Addition of Sodium Carbonate (Na2CO3) and Sodium Chloride (NaCl) as an Activator

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-35
Author(s):  
Seri Maulina ◽  
Gewa Handika
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Sodium Carbonate ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Elaeis Guineensis ◽  
Activation Temperature ◽  
Spectra Analysis ◽  
Oil Palm Fronds ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Palm Fronds

This paper aims to understand the difference in characteristics of activated carbon produced from oil palm fronds (Elaeis guineensis Jacq) through the addition of two different activators, namely sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) and sodium chloride (NaCl). To do this, activator concentration of 10 percent each with activation temperature of 600 oC were applied in the experiment. Moreover, to determine the quality of activated carbon produced, a morphological analysis of activated carbon surfaces as well as FTIR spectra analysis on activated carbon. Identification using FTIR spectrophotometer revealed that the activated carbon in this study contained functional groups of O-H, C = O, C = C, C-C, and C-H.

Performance of a solar-assisted solid desiccant dryer for oil palm fronds drying

Solar Energy ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 132 ◽  
pp. 415-429 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Misha ◽  
S. Mat ◽  
M.H. Ruslan ◽  
E. Salleh ◽  
K. Sopian
Keyword(s):  
Oil Palm ◽  
Oil Palm Fronds ◽  
Palm Fronds
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