scholarly journals Changes in total energy intake and macronutrient composition after bariatric surgery predict long-term weight outcome: findings from the Swedish Obese Subjects (SOS) study

2017 ◽  
Vol 106 (1) ◽  
pp. 136-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noora Kanerva ◽  
Ingrid Larsson ◽  
Markku Peltonen ◽  
Anna-Karin Lindroos ◽  
Lena M Carlsson
Keyword(s):  
Bariatric Surgery ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Total Energy Intake ◽  
Macronutrient Composition ◽  
Obese Subjects

scholarly journals Long-Term Change in both Dietary Insulinemic and Inflammatory Potential Is Associated with Weight Gain in Adult Women and Men

2019 ◽  
Vol 149 (5) ◽  
pp. 804-815 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fred K Tabung ◽  
Ambika Satija ◽  
Teresa T Fung ◽  
Steven K Clinton ◽  
Edward L Giovannucci
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Insulin Response ◽  
Total Energy Intake ◽  
Weighted Sums ◽  
Baseline Body Mass Index ◽  
Adult Women

ABSTRACT Background The influence of long-term dietary patterns on weight gain and the underlying potential biological mechanisms are not fully understood. Objective We prospectively examined the association of changes in 2 empirical hypothesis-oriented dietary patterns (insulinemic and inflammatory) and weight gain over 24 y at 4-y intervals. Methods We followed 54,397 women in the Nurses’ Health Study and 33,043 men in the Health Professionals Follow-Up Study (1986–2010), and computed the empirical dietary index for hyperinsulinemia (EDIH) and empirical dietary inflammatory pattern (EDIP) scores from food frequency questionnaires administered every 4 y. Both scores are weighted sums of 18 food groups, which characterize dietary insulinemic or inflammatory potential based on plasma levels of insulin response or inflammatory biomarkers. We used multivariable-adjusted linear regression to examine 4-y changes in the dietary scores and weight change within the same period. Results The mean baseline body mass index (BMI, in kg/m2) was 25.4. Compared with participants who made minimal dietary changes (quintile 3) over 6 4-y periods; participants who changed their diets toward lower insulinemic or inflammatory potential (quintile 1) gained significantly less weight (in kilograms per 4 y) independent of total energy intake, BMI, physical activity, and smoking status: EDIH: −0.65 (95% CI: −0.73, −0.57), EDIP: −0.29 (−0.37, −0.21) among women; and EDIH: −0.60 (−0.71, −0.49), EDIP: −0.19 (−0.27, −0.07) among men. In contrast, those who changed their diets toward higher insulinemic or inflammatory potential (quintile 5) gained significantly more weight: EDIH: 0.43 (0.36, 0.51), EDIP: 0.15 (0.07, 0.23) among women; and EDIH: 0.49 (0.38, 0.59), EDIP: 0.22 (0.11, 0.33) among men (P-trend < 0.0001 for all comparisons). Associations were stronger among individuals who were overweight or obese, younger, less physically active, and had never smoked. Conclusions High dietary insulinemic and inflammatory potential is associated with substantial long-term weight gain in adult men and women independent of total energy intake. Dietary patterns with low insulinemic and inflammatory potential may aid in weight gain prevention.

scholarly journals Sociodemographic and lifestyle factors as determinants of energy intake and macronutrient composition: a 10-year follow-up after bariatric surgery

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 1572-1583 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noora Kanerva ◽  
Ingrid Larsson ◽  
Markku Peltonen ◽  
Anna-Karin Lindroos ◽  
Lena M. Carlsson
Keyword(s):  
Bariatric Surgery ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Lifestyle Factors ◽  
Macronutrient Composition

scholarly journals Sources of excessive saturated fat, trans fat and sugar consumption in Brazil: an analysis of the first Brazilian nationwide individual dietary survey

2012 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosangela A Pereira ◽  
Kiyah J Duffey ◽  
Rosely Sichieri ◽  
Barry M Popkin
Keyword(s):  
Total Energy ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Saturated Fat ◽  
Total Sugar ◽  
Total Energy Intake ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Added Sugars

AbstractObjectiveTo examine the patterns of consumption of foods high in solid fats and added sugars (SoFAS) in Brazil.DesignCross-sectional study; individual dietary intake survey. Food intake was assessed by means of two non-consecutive food records. Foods providing >9·1 % of energy from saturated fat, or >1·3 % of energy from trans fat, or >13 % of energy from added sugars per 100 g were classified as high in SoFAS.SettingBrazilian nationwide survey, 2008–2009.SubjectsIndividuals aged ≥10 years old.ResultsMean daily energy intake was 8037 kJ (1921 kcal), 52 % of energy came from SoFAS foods. Contribution of SoFAS foods to total energy intake was higher among women (52 %) and adolescents (54 %). Participants in rural areas (43 %) and in the lowest quartile of per capita family income (43 %) reported the smallest contribution of SoFAS foods to total energy intake. SoFAS foods were large contributors to total saturated fat (87 %), trans fat (89 %), added sugar (98 %) and total sugar (96 %) consumption. The SoFAS food groups that contributed most to total energy intake were meats and beverages. Top SoFAS foods contributing to saturated fat and trans fat intakes were meats and fats and oils. Most of the added and total sugar in the diet was supplied by SoFAS beverages and sweets and desserts.ConclusionsSoFAS foods play an important role in the Brazilian diet. The study identifies options for improving the Brazilian diet and reducing nutrition-related non-communicable chronic diseases, but also points out some limitations of the nutrient-based criteria.

scholarly journals Development and Validation of an Index Based on EAT-Lancet Recommendations: The Planetary Health Diet Index

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 1698
Author(s):  
Leandro Teixeira Cacau ◽  
Eduardo De Carli ◽  
Aline Martins de Carvalho ◽  
Paulo Andrade Lotufo ◽  
Luis A. Moreno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Total Energy ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Carbon Footprint ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Total Energy Intake ◽  
Dietary Quality ◽  
Cronbach’S Alpha ◽  
Multicenter Cohort Study ◽  
Planetary Health ◽  
Cronbach's Alpha

The EAT-Lancet Commission has proposed a planetary health diet. We propose the development of the Planetary Health Diet Index (PHDI) based on this proposed reference diet. We used baseline dietary data obtained through a 114-item FFQ from 14,779 participants of the Longitudinal Study on Adult Health, a multicenter cohort study conducted in Brazil. The PHDI has 16 components and a score from 0 to 150 points. Validation and reliability analyses were performed, including principal component analyses, association with selected nutrients, differences in means between groups (for example, smokers vs. non-smokers), correlations between components and total energy intake, Cronbach’s alpha, item-item correlations, and linear regression analysis between PHDI with carbon footprint and overall dietary quality. The mean PHDI was 60.4 (95% CI 60.2:60.5). The PHDI had six dimensions, was associated in an expected direction with the selected nutrients and was significantly (p < 0.001) lower in smokers (59.0) than in non-smokers (60.6). Cronbach’s alpha value was 0.51. All correlations between components were low, as well as between components and PHDI with total energy intake. After adjustment for age and sex, the PHDI score remained associated (p < 0.001) with a higher overall dietary quality and lower carbon footprint. Thus, we confirmed the PHDI validity and reliability.

scholarly journals Food consumption of sugarcane workers' families in the Brazilian Northeast

2015 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-184
Author(s):  
Vanessa Messias Muniz ◽  
Débora Silva Cavalcanti ◽  
Nayalla Morais de Lima ◽  
Mônica Maria Osório
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Total Energy Intake ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Micronutrient Intake ◽  
Brazilian Northeast

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the food intake of sugarcane workers' family members. METHODS: The food intake of 159 family members of sugarcane workers from Gameleira, Pernambuco, Brazilian Northeast, was investigated by directly weighing the foods on three non-consecutive days. The percent risk of inadequate macro- and micronutrient intakes was analyzed according to the Reference Dietary Intakes. The macronutrients were analyzed in relation to acceptable distribution intervals. The energy consumed from the various food groups was expressed as a ratio of the total energy intake. RESULTS: The median intake of carbohydrates and proteins remained above the Estimated Average Requirement, and all age groups presented a low risk of inadequate carbohydrate and protein intakes. The median intakes of riboflavin, niacin, thiamin, and iron remained above the Estimated Average Requirement for all age groups, but children aged 1-3 years presented a high percent risk of inadequate iron intake. All age groups presented high percent risk of inadequate zinc, calcium, vitamin A, and vitamin C intakes. Grains and derivatives had a greater participation in the total energy intake, especially in men aged 19-30 years. The group "milk and dairy products" had a greater participation in the diet of children aged 1-3 years. CONCLUSION: The low percent risk of inadequate carbohydrate and protein intakes in all age groups was opposed to the high risk of inadequate mineral and vitamin intakes, making the population vulnerable to nutritional disorders caused by excess macronutrient intake and inadequate micronutrient intake.

scholarly journals Results from a dietary survey in an Indian T2DM population: a STARCH study

BMJ Open ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (10) ◽  
pp. e005138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shashank R Joshi ◽  
Anil Bhansali ◽  
Sarita Bajaj ◽  
Subodh S Banzal ◽  
Mala Dharmalingam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Total Energy ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Epidemiological Survey ◽  
Total Energy Intake ◽  
Calorie Intake ◽  
Clinical Trial Registry ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Diet Plan ◽  
Registration Number ◽  
The Mean

ObjectiveTo assess the dietary total and complex carbohydrate (CHO) contents in type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) participants in India.SettingWe enrolled 796 participants in this cross-sectional, single-visit, multicentre, two-arm, single-country survey. Participants were enrolled from 10 specialty endocrinology/dialectology centres from five regions of India.ParticipantsA total of 796 participants (Asian) were enrolled in this study (385, T2DM and 409, non-T2DM). Key inclusion criteria—male or female ≥18 years, diagnosed with T2DM ≥12 months (T2DM), and not on any diet plan (non-T2DM).Study outcomePrimary outcome was to find out the percentage of total energy intake as simple and complex CHO from total CHO. Secondary outcomes were to find the differences in percentage of total energy intake as simple CHO, complex CHO, proteins and fats between T2DM and non-T2DM groups. The percentage of T2DM participants adhering to diet plan and showing glycaemic controls were also examined.ResultsThe mean (SD) of total calorie intake per day (Kcal) was 1547 (610, 95% CI 1486 to 1608) and 2132 (1892, 95% CI 1948 to 2316), respectively, for T2DM and non-T2DM groups. In the T2DM group (n=385), the mean (SD) percentage of total energy intake as total CHO, complex CHO and simple CHO was 64.1±8.3 (95% CI 63.3 to 64.9), 57.0±11.0 (95% CI 55.9 to 58.1) and 7.1±10.8 (95% CI 6.0 to 8.2), respectively. The mean (SD) percentage of complex CHO intake from total CHO was 89.5±15.3 (95% CI 88.0 to 91.1). The mean (SD) total protein/fat intake per day (g) was 57.1 (74.0)/37.2 (18.6) and 57.9 (27.2)/55.3 (98.2) in T2DM and non-T2DM groups, respectively.ConclusionsOur study shows that CHO constitutes 64.1% of total energy from diet in T2DM participants, higher than that recommended in India. However, our findings need to be confirmed in a larger epidemiological survey.Trial registration numberNCT01450592 & Clinical Trial Registry of India: CTRI/2012/02/002398.

scholarly journals Association of Bariatric Surgery With Cancer Incidence in Patients With Obesity and Diabetes: Long-term Results From the Swedish Obese Subjects Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kajsa Sjöholm ◽  
Lena MS Carlsson ◽  
Per-Arne Svensson ◽  
Johanna C. Andersson-Assarsson ◽  
Felipe Kristensson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Bariatric Surgery ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Diabetes Remission ◽  
Obesity And Diabetes ◽  
Obese Subjects

<b>OBJECTIVE</b> <p>Obesity and type 2 diabetes are associated with serious, adverse health effects, including cancer. Although bariatric surgery has been shown to reduce cancer risk in patients with obesity, the effect of bariatric surgery on cancer risk in patients with obesity and diabetes is less studied. We therefore examined the long-term incidence of cancer after bariatric surgery and usual care in patients with obesity and diabetes in the matched prospective Swedish Obese Subjects (SOS) study. </p> <p><b>RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS</b></p> <p>The SOS study examines long-term outcomes following bariatric surgery or usual care. The current analysis includes 701 patients with obesity and type 2 diabetes at baseline, 393 of which underwent bariatric surgery, and 308 who received conventional obesity treatment. Information on cancer events was obtained from the Swedish National Cancer Register. Median follow-up time was 21.3 years (interquartile range 17.6-24.8 years, maximum 30.7 years). </p> <p><b>RESULTS</b></p> <p>During follow-up, the incidence rate for first-time cancer was 9.1 per 1000-person-years (95% CI, 7.2-11.5) in patients with obesity and diabetes treated with bariatric surgery and 14.1 per 1000-person-years (95% CI, 11.2-17.7) in patients treated with usual obesity care (HRadj=0.63; 95% CI 0.44-0.89, p=0.008). Moreover, surgery was associated with reduced cancer incidence in women (HRadj=0.58; 0.38-0.90, p=0.016), although the sex-treatment interaction was non-significant (p=0.630). In addition, diabetes remission at the 10-year follow-up was associated with reduced cancer incidence (HRadj=0.40; 95% CI 0.22-0.74, p=0.003).</p> <p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b></p> <p>These results suggest that bariatric surgery prevents cancer in patients with obesity and diabetes, and that durable diabetes remission is associated with reduced cancer risk. </p>

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