scholarly journals Sources of excessive saturated fat, trans fat and sugar consumption in Brazil: an analysis of the first Brazilian nationwide individual dietary survey

2012 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosangela A Pereira ◽  
Kiyah J Duffey ◽  
Rosely Sichieri ◽  
Barry M Popkin
Keyword(s):  
Total Energy ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Saturated Fat ◽  
Total Sugar ◽  
Total Energy Intake ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Added Sugars

AbstractObjectiveTo examine the patterns of consumption of foods high in solid fats and added sugars (SoFAS) in Brazil.DesignCross-sectional study; individual dietary intake survey. Food intake was assessed by means of two non-consecutive food records. Foods providing >9·1 % of energy from saturated fat, or >1·3 % of energy from trans fat, or >13 % of energy from added sugars per 100 g were classified as high in SoFAS.SettingBrazilian nationwide survey, 2008–2009.SubjectsIndividuals aged ≥10 years old.ResultsMean daily energy intake was 8037 kJ (1921 kcal), 52 % of energy came from SoFAS foods. Contribution of SoFAS foods to total energy intake was higher among women (52 %) and adolescents (54 %). Participants in rural areas (43 %) and in the lowest quartile of per capita family income (43 %) reported the smallest contribution of SoFAS foods to total energy intake. SoFAS foods were large contributors to total saturated fat (87 %), trans fat (89 %), added sugar (98 %) and total sugar (96 %) consumption. The SoFAS food groups that contributed most to total energy intake were meats and beverages. Top SoFAS foods contributing to saturated fat and trans fat intakes were meats and fats and oils. Most of the added and total sugar in the diet was supplied by SoFAS beverages and sweets and desserts.ConclusionsSoFAS foods play an important role in the Brazilian diet. The study identifies options for improving the Brazilian diet and reducing nutrition-related non-communicable chronic diseases, but also points out some limitations of the nutrient-based criteria.

scholarly journals Ultra-processed foods and added sugars in the Chilean diet (2010)

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gustavo Cediel ◽  
Marcela Reyes ◽  
Maria Laura da Costa Louzada ◽  
Euridice Martinez Steele ◽  
Carlos A Monteiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Total Energy ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Total Energy Intake ◽  
Processed Foods ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Dietary Recommendations ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Added Sugars ◽  
Percentage Point Increase ◽  
Point Increase

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the consumption of ultra-processed foods and analyse its association with the content of added sugars in the Chilean diet.DesignCross-sectional study of national dietary data obtained through 24 h recalls and classified into food groups according to the extent and purpose of food processing (NOVA classification).SettingChile.SubjectsA probabilistic sample of 4920 individuals (aged 2 years or above) studied in 2010 by a national dietary survey (Encuesta Nacional de Consumo Alimentario).ResultsUltra-processed foods represented 28·6 (se 0·5) % of total energy intake and 58·6 (se 0·9) % of added sugars intake. The mean percentage of energy from added sugars increased from 7·7 (se 0·3) to 19·7 (se 0·5) % across quintiles of the dietary share of ultra-processed foods. After adjusting for several potential sociodemographic confounders, a 5 percentage point increase in the dietary share of ultra-processed foods determined a 1 percentage point increase in the dietary content of added sugars. Individuals in the highest quintile were three times more likely (OR=2·9; 95 % CI 2·4, 3·4) to exceed the 10 % upper limit for added sugars recommended by the WHO compared with those in the lowest quintile, after adjusting for sociodemographic variables. This association was strongest among individuals aged 2–19 years (OR=3·9; 95 % CI 2·7, 5·9).ConclusionsIn Chile, ultra-processed foods are important contributors to total energy intake and to the consumption of added sugars. Actions aimed at limiting consumption of ultra-processed foods are being implemented as effective ways to achieve WHO dietary recommendations to limit added sugars and processed foods, especially for children and adolescents.

scholarly journals Food consumption of sugarcane workers' families in the Brazilian Northeast

2015 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-184
Author(s):  
Vanessa Messias Muniz ◽  
Débora Silva Cavalcanti ◽  
Nayalla Morais de Lima ◽  
Mônica Maria Osório
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Total Energy Intake ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Micronutrient Intake ◽  
Brazilian Northeast

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the food intake of sugarcane workers' family members. METHODS: The food intake of 159 family members of sugarcane workers from Gameleira, Pernambuco, Brazilian Northeast, was investigated by directly weighing the foods on three non-consecutive days. The percent risk of inadequate macro- and micronutrient intakes was analyzed according to the Reference Dietary Intakes. The macronutrients were analyzed in relation to acceptable distribution intervals. The energy consumed from the various food groups was expressed as a ratio of the total energy intake. RESULTS: The median intake of carbohydrates and proteins remained above the Estimated Average Requirement, and all age groups presented a low risk of inadequate carbohydrate and protein intakes. The median intakes of riboflavin, niacin, thiamin, and iron remained above the Estimated Average Requirement for all age groups, but children aged 1-3 years presented a high percent risk of inadequate iron intake. All age groups presented high percent risk of inadequate zinc, calcium, vitamin A, and vitamin C intakes. Grains and derivatives had a greater participation in the total energy intake, especially in men aged 19-30 years. The group "milk and dairy products" had a greater participation in the diet of children aged 1-3 years. CONCLUSION: The low percent risk of inadequate carbohydrate and protein intakes in all age groups was opposed to the high risk of inadequate mineral and vitamin intakes, making the population vulnerable to nutritional disorders caused by excess macronutrient intake and inadequate micronutrient intake.

scholarly journals Results from a dietary survey in an Indian T2DM population: a STARCH study

BMJ Open ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (10) ◽  
pp. e005138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shashank R Joshi ◽  
Anil Bhansali ◽  
Sarita Bajaj ◽  
Subodh S Banzal ◽  
Mala Dharmalingam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Total Energy ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Epidemiological Survey ◽  
Total Energy Intake ◽  
Calorie Intake ◽  
Clinical Trial Registry ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Diet Plan ◽  
Registration Number ◽  
The Mean

ObjectiveTo assess the dietary total and complex carbohydrate (CHO) contents in type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) participants in India.SettingWe enrolled 796 participants in this cross-sectional, single-visit, multicentre, two-arm, single-country survey. Participants were enrolled from 10 specialty endocrinology/dialectology centres from five regions of India.ParticipantsA total of 796 participants (Asian) were enrolled in this study (385, T2DM and 409, non-T2DM). Key inclusion criteria—male or female ≥18 years, diagnosed with T2DM ≥12 months (T2DM), and not on any diet plan (non-T2DM).Study outcomePrimary outcome was to find out the percentage of total energy intake as simple and complex CHO from total CHO. Secondary outcomes were to find the differences in percentage of total energy intake as simple CHO, complex CHO, proteins and fats between T2DM and non-T2DM groups. The percentage of T2DM participants adhering to diet plan and showing glycaemic controls were also examined.ResultsThe mean (SD) of total calorie intake per day (Kcal) was 1547 (610, 95% CI 1486 to 1608) and 2132 (1892, 95% CI 1948 to 2316), respectively, for T2DM and non-T2DM groups. In the T2DM group (n=385), the mean (SD) percentage of total energy intake as total CHO, complex CHO and simple CHO was 64.1±8.3 (95% CI 63.3 to 64.9), 57.0±11.0 (95% CI 55.9 to 58.1) and 7.1±10.8 (95% CI 6.0 to 8.2), respectively. The mean (SD) percentage of complex CHO intake from total CHO was 89.5±15.3 (95% CI 88.0 to 91.1). The mean (SD) total protein/fat intake per day (g) was 57.1 (74.0)/37.2 (18.6) and 57.9 (27.2)/55.3 (98.2) in T2DM and non-T2DM groups, respectively.ConclusionsOur study shows that CHO constitutes 64.1% of total energy from diet in T2DM participants, higher than that recommended in India. However, our findings need to be confirmed in a larger epidemiological survey.Trial registration numberNCT01450592 & Clinical Trial Registry of India: CTRI/2012/02/002398.

scholarly journals Contribution of foods consumed away from home to energy intake in Brazilian urban areas: the 2008–9 Nationwide Dietary Survey

2012 ◽  
Vol 109 (7) ◽  
pp. 1276-1283 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilana Nogueira Bezerra ◽  
Amanda de Moura Souza ◽  
Rosangela Alves Pereira ◽  
Rosely Sichieri
Keyword(s):  
Total Energy ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Total Energy Intake ◽  
Alcoholic Beverages ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Dietary Survey ◽  
Home Food ◽  
The Mean

The objectives of the present study were to estimate the dietary contribution of away-from-home food consumption, to describe the contribution of away-from-home foods to energy intake, and to investigate the association between eating away from home and total energy intake in Brazilian urban areas. In the first Brazilian Nationwide Dietary Survey, conducted in 2008–9, food records were collected from 25 753 individuals aged 10 years or older, living in urban areas of Brazil. Foods were grouped into thirty-three food groups, and the mean energy intake provided by away-from-home food consumption was estimated. Linear regression models were used to evaluate the association between away-from-home food consumption and total energy intake. All analyses considered the sample design effect. Of the total population, 43 % consumed at least one food item away from home. The mean energy intake from foods consumed away from home was 1408 kJ (337 kcal), averaging 18 % of total energy intake. Eating away from home was associated with increased total energy intake, except for men in the highest income level. The highest percentage of away-from-home energy sources was for food with a high content of energy, such as alcoholic beverages (59 %), baked and deep-fried snacks (54 %), pizza (42 %), soft drinks (40 %), sandwiches (40 %), and sweets and desserts (30 %). The consumption of foods away from home was related to a greater energy intake. The characterisation of away-from-home food habits is necessary in order to properly design strategies to promote healthy food consumption in the away-from-home environment.

scholarly journals Seasonality of food groups and total energy intake: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2016 ◽  
Vol 70 (6) ◽  
pp. 700-708 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Stelmach-Mardas ◽  
◽  
C Kleiser ◽  
I Uzhova ◽  
J L Peñalvo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Total Energy Intake ◽  
Food Groups

scholarly journals Association Between Motor Skills, Diet, and Lifestyle: a Cross-Sectional Study of First-Grade Schoolchildren in Japan

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naoko Hatta ◽  
Yuki Tada ◽  
Tadasu Furushou ◽  
Misao Kato ◽  
Rieko Kanehara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Total Energy ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Motor Skills ◽  
First Grade ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Total Energy Intake ◽  
Healthy Diet ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Lifestyle Habits ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Background: Childhood motor skills are important not only for the physical and mental health of children, but also for the prevention of future lifestyle diseases. This study aimed to investigate how motor skills among first-grade children in Japan are associated with dietary and lifestyle habits, after adjustment for various confounding factors.Methods: First-grade children (aged 6-7 years) attending three public elementary schools in Tokyo, Japan (n=884), participated in this cross-sectional study. Homeroom teachers distributed self-administered questionnaires to parents and children. Questionnaires focused on lifestyle habits and required completion of a 1-day dietary record. Motor skills were measured by the New Physical Fitness Test (NPFT). Physique was calculated using Rohrer’s index formula: weight (kg) / height (cm) 3 × 107. Multiple regression analysis was used to investigate the association between NPFT score and determinant factors. We also examined the association between NPFT score and the amount of energy derived from a healthy diet versus snacks.Results: NPFT scores were significantly and positively correlated with involvement in exercise lessons (boys, β = 0.131, P = 0.006; girls, β = 0.121P = 0.012), total energy intake (boys, β = 0.096, P = 0.041; girls, β = 0.145, P = 0.003), and outside playtime in boys (β = 0.135), and negatively correlated with Rohrer’s index in girls (β = -0.097, P = 0.047). Moreover, the amount of energy derived from a healthy diet showed positive correlations with NPFT score (boys, β = 0.120, P = 0.011; girls, β = 0.137, P = 0.005).Conclusions: Children’s motor skills were associated with the Rohrer’s index, involvement in sports lessons, outside playtime, and total energy intake, particularly that derived from a healthy diet. These results suggest that a well-balanced diet including grains, vegetables, fish and meat, fruits, and milk, is important for improving children’s motor skills.

scholarly journals Legume consumption in Sweden: a descriptive cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (OCE2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Steib Céline ◽  
Ingegerd Johansson ◽  
Mohammed Hefni ◽  
Cornelia Witthöft
Keyword(s):  
Total Energy ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Total Energy Intake ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Fiber Intake ◽  
Swedish Population ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Erythrocyte Folate

AbstractDespite the growing evidence supporting legume consumption as part of healthy and sustainable diet, little information is known on legume intake in the Swedish population. The aim of the present study was to describe legume consumers in Sweden, their nutrient intake and study the association with biomarkers of nutritional status using food consumption and biomonitoring data from Swedish adults in the 2010–11 National Riksmaten survey. Total legume intake - including pulses, fresh legumes, soy products, peanuts, sprouts and mixed meals with legumes - was estimated using a web-based 4-d food records in adults 18–80 years (n = 1772). A range of biomarkers including non-fasted plasma ferritin and folate, as well as erythrocyte folate, were measured for a subsample of the population (n = 282). Legumes were consumed by 44% of the population, median intake was 36 g/d (Q1 = 16; Q3 = 71; n = 777). Legumes provided on average 3.3% of individual's total energy intake (%E) with no significant difference between sexes. Pulses were consumed by 33% of consumers contributing to 3.2 ± 2.8 %E intake whereas soy products were consumed by 8.6% of legume consumers but contributing to 6 ± 7.5 %E. Legume intake among self-reported vegetarians (n = 55) was significantly higher (p < 0.000) than for non-vegetarians, with mean daily intakes of 92 ± 99 g/d and 21 ± 42 g/d, respectively. Age (p 0.0066) was significantly higher in Q4 of legume intake and alcohol consumption was significantly lower (p 0.0008); BMI, gender, smoking habits, education and total energy intake did not differ. 23% of legume consumers have a fiber intake of 25–35 g/d whereas only 11% of non-consumers reach recommended intake (p 0.0001). Iron, folate and dietary fiber intakes were significantly higher (p < 0.000) in Q4 of legume intake. 32% of legume consumers meet recommended intakes of folate (RI 300 μg/d) versus 18% for non-consumers (p 0.000). Notably, 5.76% of women of reproductive age (18–44 y.o.) eating legumes reach 400 μg/d versus 0.79% for non-consumers (p 0.002). Plasma ferritin and erythrocyte folate levels did not differ between legume consumers and non-consumers. However, for women in reproductive age (n = 31), plasma folate levels were significantly higher in consumers than non-consumers (p 0.0102). Legume consumers have higher fiber intake and more frequently meet recommended folate intakes while maintaining adequate iron intake. In conclusion, legume consumers in Sweden are characterized by a defined diet pattern that generally is associated with better health.

scholarly journals The impact of restaurant consumption among US adults: effects on energy and nutrient intakes

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (11) ◽  
pp. 2445-2452 ◽  
Author(s):  
Binh T Nguyen ◽  
Lisa M Powell
Keyword(s):  
Total Energy ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Fast Food ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Saturated Fat ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Total Energy Intake ◽  
Net Energy ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Daily Total

AbstractObjectiveTo examine the effect of fast-food and full-service restaurant consumption on adults’ energy intake and dietary indicators.DesignIndividual-level fixed-effects regression model estimation based on two different days of dietary intake data was used.SettingParallel to the rising obesity epidemic in the USA, there has been a marked upward trend in total energy intake derived from food away from home.SubjectsThe full sample included 12 528 respondents aged 20–64 years who completed 24 h dietary recall interviews for both day 1 and day 2 in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2003–2004, 2005–2006, 2007–2008 and 2009–2010.ResultsFast-food and full-service restaurant consumption, respectively, was associated with an increase in daily total energy intake of 813·75 kJ (194·49 kcal) and 858·04 kJ (205·21 kcal) and with higher intakes of saturated fat (3·48 g and 2·52 g) and Na (296·38 mg and 451·06 mg). Individual characteristics moderated the impacts of restaurant food consumption with adverse impacts on net energy intake being larger for black adults compared with their white and Hispanic counterparts and greater for middle-income v. high-income adults.ConclusionsAdults’ fast-food and full-service restaurant consumption was associated with higher daily total energy intake and poorer dietary indicators.

A Nutritional Analysis of Food provided to Royal Naval Personnel at Sea

1988 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-32
Author(s):  
D. C. C. Alexander
Keyword(s):  
Total Energy ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Total Energy Intake ◽  
Nutritional Content ◽  
Added Sugars ◽  
Saturated Fats ◽  
Nutritional Analysis ◽  
Daily Intakes ◽  
Comparative Medicine

AbstractThe aim of this study was to determine the nutritional content of the foods provided to, and the confectionery purchased by, personnel serving at sea in British warships. Data were collected from the stores accounts of six ships over a period of 32,354 man victualling days. Analysis was carried out at the Nuffield Laboratories of Comparative Medicine. The food from the ships galleys provided mean daily intakes of 3,750 Kcals, of which 42% were derived from fats (17% from saturated fats) and 9% from added sugars. In taking account of confectionery purchased from NAAFI sources the total energy intake was raised to 4,200 Keats of which 40% were derived from fats (15% saturated fats) and 12% from added sugars. The results do not compare favourably with the recommendations of the reports of expert committees.

scholarly journals Brief support and personalised feedback on food shopping to encourage saturated fat reduction: the PC-SHOP randomised controlled trial

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (OCE2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carmen Piernas ◽  
Paul Aveyard ◽  
Nerys Astbury ◽  
Jason Oke ◽  
Melina Tsiountsioura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Primary Care ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Saturated Fat ◽  
Total Energy Intake ◽  
Grocery Shopping ◽  
Food Shopping ◽  
Personalised Feedback

AbstractReducing saturated fat (SFA) intake can lower low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol and thereby cardiovascular disease (CVD) but there are no brief interventions sufficiently scalable to achieve this. The Primary Care Shopping Intervention for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention (PC-SHOP) study developed and tested a behavioural intervention to provide health professional (HP) advice alone or in combination with personalised feedback on food shopping, which was delivered using a bespoke tool that created a nutritional profile of the grocery shopping based on loyalty card data from the UK largest supermarket.Participants with raised LDL-cholesterol were randomly allocated to one of three groups: ‘No Intervention’ (n = 17), ‘Brief Support’ (BS, n = 48), ‘Brief Support plus Shopping Feedback’ (BSSF, n = 48). BS consisted of a 10-minute consultation with a nurse to inform and motivate participants to reduce their SFA intake. The BSSF group received brief support as well as personalised feedback on the SFA content of their grocery shopping including lower SFA swaps. The primary outcome was the between-group difference in the change between baseline and 3 months in SFA intake (% total energy intake) adjusted for baseline SFA intake and GP practice. The trial was powered to detect a reduction in SFA of 3% (SD3).There was no evidence of a difference between the groups. Changes in SFA intake from baseline to follow-up were: -0.7% (SD3.5) in BS, -0.9% (SD3.6) in BSSF and -0.1% (SD3.3) with no intervention. Compared to no intervention, the adjusted difference in SFA intake was -0.33%; 95%CI -2.11, 1.44 with BS and -0.11%; 95%CI -1.92, 1.69 with BSSF. There was no significant difference in total energy intake (BS: -152kcal; 95%CI -513, 209; BSSF: -152kcal; 95%CI -516, 211); body weight (BS: -1.0 kg; 95%CI -2.5, 0.5; BSSF: -0.6 kg 95%CI -2.1, 1.0); or LDL-cholesterol (BS: -0.15mmol/L; 95%CI -0.47, 0.16; BSSF: -0.04mmol/L; 95%CI -0.28, 0.36) compared to no intervention.This trial shows that it is feasible to deliver brief advice in primary care to encourage reductions in SFA intake and we have developed a system to provide personalised advice to encourage healthier choices using supermarket loyalty data. This small trial showed no evidence of large benefits but we are unable to exclude more modest benefits. Even a reduction of 1% in SFA intake when replaced by polyunsaturated fat may reduce CVD incidence by 8%, suggesting that a larger trial to assess whether benefits of this size may occur is now warranted.

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