scholarly journals Using Virtual Reality for Teaching the Derivation of Conservation Laws in Fluid Mechanics

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 42
Author(s):  
Konrad Boettcher ◽  
Alexander Behr
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Fluid Mechanics ◽  
Conservation Laws ◽  
Taylor Expansion ◽  
Professional Lives ◽  
Conservation Equations ◽  
Fields Of Study ◽  
Self Assessments

In many fields of study, physical sub-areas are treated mathematically in order to teach students the tools for optimization in their professional lives. In the derivation of the fundamental conservation equations theoretical con-structs or infinitesimal elements are used, additionally engaging a Taylor expansion of the variables. For undergraduates, this often means that the understanding of the physical interrelationships is left out in the cold. Practical experiments are not possible for clarification, since important quantities in the mathematical for-mulation can only made visible in experiments with extreme effort or are even in-accessible like theoretical constructs or infinitesimal values. Numerical calcula-tions may be used to show some quantities, but students cannot carry them out for themselves. Therefore, a virtual-reality laboratory for fluid mechanics is creat-ed with the software UNREAL ENGINE 4. This enables the students to learn the derivation of conservation laws and to influence the flow in order to experience and examine the basics of theoretical constructs. The results are evaluated in self-assessments, exercises, tutorials associated to the fluid mechanics course, and the results of an exam. Benefits for the use of virtual reality (VR) in teaching conser-vation laws were ascertained.

scholarly journals Usage of A Virtual Environment to Improve the Teaching of Fluid Mechanics

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (14) ◽  
pp. 54
Author(s):  
Konrad Boettcher ◽  
Alexander Behr
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Fluid Mechanics ◽  
Virtual Environment ◽  
Mathematical Formulation ◽  
Numerical Calculations ◽  
Professional Lives ◽  
Fields Of Study ◽  
Physical Effects

<p class="0abstract">In many fields of study, physical sub-areas are treated mathematically in order to teach students the tools for optimization in their professional lives. This often means that the understanding of the physical interrelationships is left out in the cold. Practical experiments are often unsuitable for clarification, since important quantities in the mathematical formulation cannot be made visible in experiments (or only with extreme effort). Numerical calculations may show these quantities, but students cannot carry them out for themselves. For this purpose, the software Unreal engine 4 is used to create a virtual environment for fluid mechanics and compared with other methods to improve the teaching of the fundamentals of fluid mechanics. The virtual environment enables the students to influence the flow in order to experience and examine the basic physical effects. The results were used and evaluated in exercises and tutorials associated to the fluid mechanics course. Benefits for the use of virtual reality (VR) in teaching were ascertained.</p>

On How the Generation of Lift Can Be Explained in a Closed Form Based on the Fundamental Conservation Equations

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philipp Epple ◽  
Holger Babinsky ◽  
Michael Steppert ◽  
Manuel Fritsche
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Mechanics ◽  
Closed Form ◽  
Fundamental Problem ◽  
System Of Equations ◽  
Bernoulli Equation ◽  
Conservation Equations ◽  
Research Institutes ◽  
Conservation Principles ◽  
Newton’S Laws ◽  
The One

Abstract The generation of lift is a fundamental problem in aerodynamics and in general in fluid mechanics. The explanations on how lift is generated are often very incomplete or even not correct. Perhaps the most popular explanation of lift is the one with the Bernoulli equation and with the longer path over an airfoil as compared to the path below the airfoil, assuming the flow arrives at the same time at the trailing edge on both paths. This is an intuitive assumption, but no equation is derived from this assumption. In some explanations the Bernoulli equation is also complemented with Newton’s laws of motion. In other explanations Newton’s law is said to be the only explanation. Other explanations mention the Venturi suction effect to explain the generation of lift. In books of aerodynamics and on the homepage of well-known research institutes the explanations are, although better and partially correct, still very often incomplete. In this contribution the generation of lift is explained in a scientific way based on the conservation principles of mass, momentum and energy and how they have to be applied to close the system of equations in order to explain the generation of lift. The most common incomplete or incorrect explanations of lift are also analysed and it is explained why they are incomplete or wrong. In this work the generation of lift is explained based on the conservation equations. It is shown how and when they apply to the problem of lift generation and how the system of equations has to be closed.

SYMMETRY ANALYSIS FOR A SEVENTH-ORDER GENERALIZED KdV EQUATION AND ITS FRACTIONAL VERSION IN FLUID MECHANICS

Fractals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (03) ◽  
pp. 2050044 ◽  
Author(s):  
GANGWEI WANG ◽  
YIXING LIU ◽  
YANBIN WU ◽  
XING SU
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Mechanics ◽  
Conservation Laws ◽  
Kdv Equation ◽  
Differential Invariants ◽  
Potential Equation ◽  
Generalized Kdv Equation ◽  
Seventh Order ◽  
Special Case ◽  
Symmetry Method ◽  
Similarity Reductions

KdV types of equations play an important role in many fields. In this paper, we study a seventh-order generalized KdV equation and its fractional version in fluid mechanics using symmetry. From symmetry, the corresponding vectors, symmetry reduction and conservation laws are derived. Potential equation is also analyzed with regard to the symmetry method. Based on the symmetry, similarity reductions and conservation laws are also presented. Subsequently, the fractional version of the seventh-order KdV equation is discussed. Finally, differential invariants are constructed for the special case.

scholarly journals Error estimates for scalar conservation laws by a kinetic approach

2006 ◽  
Vol 2006 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
A. Omrane
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Mechanics ◽  
Conservation Laws ◽  
Error Estimates ◽  
Gas Dynamics ◽  
Mean Free Path ◽  
Kinetic Approach ◽  
Scalar Conservation Laws ◽  
General Scalar ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Scalar Conservation

We use the kinetic approach of Perthame and Tadmor (1991) to calculate the error estimates for general scalar conservation laws governing problems in gas dynamics or fluid mechanics in general. The Kružkov and Kuznetsov techniques are generalized to this method, and an error bound of orderε(whereεis the mean free path) is obtained.

Fluid and Particle Transport in an In-Vitro Model of an Expanding/Contracting Human Alveolus

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sudhaker Chhabra ◽  
Ajay K. Prasad
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Fluid Mechanics ◽  
Respiratory System ◽  
Particle Transport ◽  
In Vitro Model ◽  
Adverse Health Effects ◽  
Fields Of Study ◽  
Vitro Model

Inhaled particulate matter from the environment can produce adverse health effects on the human respiratory system. Conversely, inhalable therapeutics can be delivered to the respiratory tract to treat local and systemic ailments. Both of these fields of study require the accurate prediction of particle transport and deposition in the lung, particularly in the acinar region. A necessary first step to predict particle trajectories is to characterize the airflow in which the particles are suspended. Only particles smaller than 5 μm reach the acinar region [1], hence it can be assumed that such particles will closely follow the fluid streamlines. The current work focuses on the fluid mechanics of the acinar region of the lung to infer particle transport and deposition.

Results of Implementing an Introductory Course: Foundations of Thermal-Fluid Sciences

1999 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Ochterbeck ◽  
J. L. Gaddis
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Mechanics ◽  
Thermodynamic Property ◽  
Conservation Laws ◽  
Mechanical Engineering ◽  
Engineering Curriculum ◽  
Engineering Majors ◽  
Clemson University ◽  
Introductory Course ◽  
Property Analysis ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract Pursuant to implementation of a new mechanical engineering curriculum at Clemson University, results of the new introductory course in thermal-fluid science are presented. This course is situated in the second semester of the sophomore year for mechanical engineering majors, and is a prerequisite for the subsequent courses in thermodynamics and fluid mechanics. In addition to introducing thermodynamic property analysis, the course develops conservation laws for mass, momentum, and energy and provides an emphasis in design. Discussion is presented of the motivation, placement in the overall curriculum, interaction with other curriculum elements, and the selection of textbooks.

Contributions from the Sociology of Care in Latin America

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karina Batthyány
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Gender Inequality ◽  
Professional Lives ◽  
Sociological Study ◽  
Care Needs ◽  
Fields Of Study ◽  
Organization Of Care ◽  
The Social ◽  
Latin American Countries

This chapter aims to provide some insights into how care emerged as a subject of sociological study in Latin America through the lens of gender inequality. Since its emergence as an academic concern, care has become one of the most dynamic and controversial fields of study in contemporary sociology. In Latin American countries, the social organization of care became important in the context of a “care crisis,” which was caused by a combination of increased female participation in the labor market, a more diverse organization of households and families, men’s infrequent participation in care and domestic chores, increasing life expectancy, and new care needs. Shifts in women’s professional lives, in combination with an absence of public services and social benefits that might have replaced some of the unpaid work women had performed within families, have given rise to the crisis of care.

Virtual reality simulation increases Chinese physicians’ and lab technicians’ familiarity and confidence regarding proper clinical wastes segregation/disposal: a 2-year pilot study

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-40
Author(s):  
Szu-Hsien Wu ◽  
Ying-Ying Yang ◽  
Chia-Chang Huang ◽  
Chih-Wei Liu ◽  
Ling-Yu Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Simulation System ◽  
Virtual Reality Simulation ◽  
Staff Education ◽  
Objective Performance ◽  
Self Assessments ◽  
Chinese Physicians ◽  
Regular Training ◽  
Positive Results ◽  
Clinical Wastes

Although they receive regular training, the survey we administered to our junior physicians and lab technicians revealed that they lack familiarity and confidence regarding the proper segregation/disposal of clinical wastes. In this pilot prospective study, carried out between September 2017 and September 2019, we developed a virtual reality (VR) simulation and integrated it into the steps of Gangen’s training flow. Next, we analysed objective performance, recorded by the App in the VR system as well as the subjective self-assessments of 96 junior physicians and lab technicians after two practices of VR games. Before receiving training, lab technicians' self-assessed familiarity and confidence regarding proper clinical wastes segregation/disposal were higher than among physicians. Compared with the first VR game, we noted greater improvement in accuracy as well as a higher percentage of shortened time to complete 10 actions of segregation/disposal of VR clinical wastes, among junior physicians/male trainees, that of junior lab technicians/female trainees in the second VR game. Most of the trainees (81%–88%) reported that they found the VR game-based training to be useful, in contrast to poster-mass media-based training. Our initial positive results indicated the possibility of applying this VR game-based simulation system to regular institution-wide staff education in future.

scholarly journals Derivation of the Multimoment Hydrodynamics Equations for a Gas Mixture

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Igor V. Lebed
Keyword(s):  
Conservation Laws ◽  
Basic Property ◽  
General Structure ◽  
Distribution Functions ◽  
Gas Mixture ◽  
Conservation Equations ◽  
General Statistical ◽  
Mechanics Concepts ◽  
Pair Distribution Functions ◽  
Hydrodynamics Equations

<p class="1Body">The equations for pair distribution functions are used to derive the multimoment hydrodynamics equations for gas mixture. The gas mixture pair distribution functions are specified. The equations for pair functions are derived directly from the general statistical mechanics concepts. The basic property of the pair functions is established. In conformity with basic property, these functions remain unchanged in time along the trajectory of the center of inertia of a pair. The basic property of the pair distribution functions reveals the existence of an infinite number of principle hydrodynamic values. Multimoment hydrodynamics equations are constructed using 3L+4 principle hydrodynamic values, where  is the number of gas mixture components. Just these principle values specify measurable moments. The measurable moments are represented by linear combination of principle and non-principle hydrodynamic values. The general structure of constructed multimoment conservation laws is identical to the structure of appropriate   multimoment conservation laws in a gas of identical particles. Each of the multimoment conservation laws is divided into two separate equations. The first group of conservation equations corresponds to convective phenomena. The second group of conservation equations corresponds to dissipative phenomena. Derived multimoment hydrodynamics equations are designed for interpreting the behavior of unstable systems. As is shown previously, classic hydrodynamics equations are incapable of reproducing flows after they lose stability. That is, the solutions to the classic hydrodynamics equations do not find the direction of instability development correctly. The possibility of improvement of classic hydrodynamics equations for a gas mixture is sought on the way toward an increase in the number of principle hydrodynamic values.</p>

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