Active labour markets and the “right” not to work

2006 ◽  
pp. 47-61
Author(s):  
John Edwards
Keyword(s):  
Labour Markets ◽  
Active Labour ◽  
The Right

European Employment Strategy: the right answer for candidate countries?

2003 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 88-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mira Celin
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Labour Markets ◽  
Member States ◽  
Eu Countries ◽  
Positive Elements ◽  
The Future ◽  
Common Strategy ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Eu ◽  
New Jobs

It is not easy to gauge the extent to which the European Employment Strategy (EES) has influenced the EU labour market over the last five years but it has surely contributed to the creation of more than 10 million new jobs and 4 million fewer unemployed. However, is this common strategy the right answer for the labour markets of the future member states? This article examines how the candidate countries are adapting to the EES and where they stand as compared to the current EU countries in achieving the Lisbon targets. The article assesses whether the EES is appropriate for the labour markets of the future member states by analysing both the deficiencies and the positive elements of this strategy for these countries, taking into account proposals for a new revised EES adapted to the needs of changing labour markets, globalisation and enlargement.

scholarly journals Destined for Democracy? Labour Markets and Political Change in Colonial British America

2015 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Nikolova
Keyword(s):  
Migrant Workers ◽  
Political Change ◽  
Initial Conditions ◽  
Labour Markets ◽  
Democratic Institutions ◽  
British America ◽  
American Colonies ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Masses ◽  
Commitment Device

In this article a new explanation for the emergence of democratic institutions is proposed: elites may extend the right to vote to the masses in order to attract migrant workers. It is argued that representative assemblies serve as a commitment device for any promises made to labourers by those in power, and the argument is tested on a new political and economic dataset from the thirteen British American colonies. The results suggest that colonies that relied on white migrant labour, rather than slaves, had better representative institutions. These findings are not driven by alternative factors identified in the literature, such as inequality or initial conditions, and survive a battery of validity checks.

scholarly journals Protection of skills in employment relationships and in the labour market

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 1809-1820
Author(s):  
Marina Brollo ◽  
Caterina Mazzanti
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Technological Changes ◽  
Employment Relationships ◽  
Job Tasks ◽  
Active Labour Market Policies ◽  
Active Labour ◽  
Training Activities ◽  
The One ◽  
The Right ◽  
Jobs Act

Globalisation and technological changes have a dramatic impact on the labour market. For this reason, skills need to be strengthened and protected and workers have to respond to these great transformations by improving their professionalization. Focusing the attention on the Jobs Act, this paper offers an overview of the change that Italy may undertake, analysing the most innovative aspects of the new reform and paying particular attention to the protection of skills within the employment contract and the labour market. In this regard, the research highlights how the Jobs Act has strengthened the protection of skills. On the one hand, it specifies that in case of ‘changes in job tasks’ the employer shall provide training activities in order to develop the employee’s skills (art. 2103 Civil Code). On the other hand, from the perspective of the labour market, it provides efficient active labour market policies in order to tackle the lack of skills protection. These are all considerable positive steps: the Jobs Act Reform represents a move in the right direction and the first important step towards the development of an enhanced skill system.

scholarly journals Active labour market policy in the UK: At a (local) crossroads?

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Orton ◽  
Anne E Green
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Labour Markets ◽  
Labour Market Policy ◽  
Active Labour Market Policy ◽  
Market Policy ◽  
Local Labour ◽  
Active Labour ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
The Uk

Active labour market policy has developed into a widely used and seemingly embedded approach to addressing worklessness, both in the UK and internationally. But the future of UK active labour market policy looks far from certain. Some recent developments suggest demise and diminution. But at the same time there is also evidence of more positive points, including increasing recognition of the importance of employer involvement and activity at local level. Possible future trajectories are considered in the light of emerging developments, and two potential scenarios for future UK active labour market policy are posited: ‘less support, more sticks’ and an ‘active local labour markets approach’.

scholarly journals Incentive Effects of Cash Benefits among Young People. A Natural Experiment from Norway

2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
IDA DRANGE ◽  
NIKLAS JAKOBSSON
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Financial Incentives ◽  
Labour Supply ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Active Labour ◽  
Cash Benefits ◽  
Employment Rates ◽  
Programme Content ◽  
The Right ◽  
Active Labour Market Programmes

AbstractPrior research on active labour market programmes (ALMPs) for young people has revealed either no effect or negative effects on transition rates into employment. In addition to accessing the programme content, participation in ALMPs bestows the right to a supplementary benefit. Yet, the direct effect of this benefit on the use and outcome of ALMPs remains largely unknown. We study the effects of a Norwegian policy that pays much higher benefits to recipients when they reach 19 years of age. This policy provides a natural experimental setting that allows us to utilise the age discontinuity to observe whether young people are more likely to become benefit recipients after their nineteenth birthday, and to estimate the effect of benefits on the labour supply. As age determines the increase in benefits rather than need, it creates a random and exogenous variation in the criteria for allocating cash benefits. We use Norwegian administrative register data that cover all 18 to 19 year olds during the period 2003 to 2012. We find no effect on programme take-up or employment rates. Hence, benefits do not work against the aim of ALMPs and young people's responsiveness to financial incentives cannot explain such programmes’ lack of effects.

A feast of Tantalus: Corporeal crisis and death by starvation in Britain 1830–1914

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 525-542 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sébastien Rioux
Keyword(s):  
Social Reproduction ◽  
The Body ◽  
Labour Markets ◽  
Social Reproduction Theory ◽  
The Right

This article argues that capitalism in general and social reproduction theory in particular must be understood through the body. Based on a study of hunger and starvation in Britain between 1830 and 1914, it maintains that the conflicting dialectics between the ‘freedom to starve’ underpinning competitive labour markets and the ‘right to live’ institutionalised by society’s attempt to offset its worst effects are key for understanding how social reproduction orders are historically established and stabilised.

scholarly journals The ontology of early labour (and the difficulties of talking about it): Using interview methods to investigate uncertain and gendered concepts

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 205979911982559 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Social Research ◽  
Clinical Context ◽  
Cervical Dilation ◽  
Early Admission ◽  
Early Labour ◽  
Active Labour ◽  
Interview Methods ◽  
The Right ◽  
Multiple Ontologies ◽  
Reproductive Research

This article presents reflections on the process of collecting interview data about fathers’ experiences of ‘early labour’. Early labour is the first phase of labour, defined in textbooks by regular contractions and cervical dilation of up to 4 cm. Women are typically encouraged to stay at home during early labour and only travel to hospital when they are in ‘active labour’. Maternity services (and other providers of antenatal education) devote a great deal of attention to educating parents-to-be about the phases of labour and about how to recognise the ‘right time’ to travel to hospital but ‘early’ admission remains a problem. Prompted by suggestions in the existing literature that male partners may influence when women seek admission, my research set out to explore fathers’ understanding and experiences of early labour. However, interviewing fathers about early labour was challenging and, in this article, I will argue that this was due to a particular configuration of practical, epistemological and ontological issues. I argue that early labour is a slippery and uncertain concept beyond the clinical context and that Mol’s ‘multiple ontologies’ provides productive tools for reflecting on the difficulty of asking about early labour, keeping early labour in focus during the interviews, and finding early labour in the data. However, the gendered nature of reproductive social research requires additional analysis to understand the gender dynamics at work when asking about reproductive research objects of multiple or uncertain ontologies.

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