WIDEBAND ENERGY HARVESTING FOR IMPLANTABLE BIOMEDICAL APPLICATIONS

2021 ◽  
pp. 2150044
Author(s):  
Mohammad Reza Balazadeh Bahar ◽  
Manouchehr Bahrami ◽  
Mohammad Bagher Bannae Sharifian
Keyword(s):  
Output Power ◽  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Mechanical Vibration ◽  
Average Output ◽  
Micro Electro Mechanical Systems ◽  
Biomedical Sensors ◽  
Power Harvester ◽  
Arm Motion ◽  
And Performance

In this paper, a nonresonant electromagnetic micro-generator is proposed. The proposed device is capable of converting nonresonant environmental vibrations to electrical power. The energy harvester could generate output power from heartbeat, human leg and arm motion. The proposed energy harvester uses Frequency up CONVersion technique (FCONV) to improve the bandwidth of the device. The results approve the high bandwidth of the proposed method. The micro-generator is designed by micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS) methods. Consequently, the volume of the power harvester is minimized and power density is maximized. The new configuration of energy harvester with imposed motion trigger is proposed. Output power, bandwidth and performance of the designed micro-power harvester are discussed. The proposed micro-generator exhibits higher bandwidth in comparison with resonant, multi-resonant and tunable bandwidth structures. The nonresonant device is designed using FCONV to convert 1–3[Formula: see text]Hz heartbeat mechanical vibrations to output electrical power. The optimum upconverted mechanical vibration frequency is 60[Formula: see text]Hz and the output voltage frequency is 120[Formula: see text]Hz. The peak output electrical power of FCONV is 17.75[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]W. For 1[Formula: see text]Hz, 2[Formula: see text]Hz and 3[Formula: see text]Hz mechanical vibration with imposed motion trigger, average output powers are 1.60[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]W, 3.81[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]W and 5.19[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]W, respectively. The achieved results illustrate that the proposed FCONV method exhibits better and wider frequency response in comparison with different methods. The designed device can be utilized to supply implantable biomedical sensors. Also, the heat generation of the device is studied. The results illustrate that the temperature rise of the micro-generator remains in the normal human body temperature range. Hence, the proposed power harvester is biocompatible.

Lower Limb-Driven Energy Harvester: Modeling, Design, and Performance Evaluation

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Paul Martin ◽  
Michael Shepertycky ◽  
Yan-Fei Liu ◽  
Qingguo Li
Keyword(s):  
Lower Limb ◽  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Peak Voltage ◽  
Daily Movement ◽  
Energy Harvesters ◽  
Portable Electronics ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Parameter Values

Biomechanical energy harvesters (BMEHs) have shown that useable amounts of electricity can be generated from daily movement. Where access to an electrical power grid is limited, BMEHs are a viable alternative to accommodate energy requirements for portable electronics. In this paper, we present the detailed design and dynamic model of a lower limb-driven energy harvester that predicts the device output and the load on the user. Comparing with existing harvester models, the novelty of the proposed model is that it incorporates the energy required for useful electricity generation, stored inertial energy, and both mechanical and electrical losses within the device. The model is validated with the lower limb-driven energy harvester in 12 unique configurations with a combination of four different motor and three different electrical resistance combinations (3.5 Ω, 7 Ω, and 12 Ω). A case study shows that the device can generate between 3.6 and 15.5 W with an efficiency between 39.8% and 72.5%. The model was able to predict the harvester output peak voltage within 5.6 ± 3.2% error and the peak force it exerts on the user within 9.9 ± 3.4% error over a range of parameter values. The model will help to identify configurations to achieve a high harvester efficiency and provide a better understanding of how parameters affect both the timing and magnitude of the load felt by the user.

scholarly journals Energy Harvesting Backpacks for Human Load Carriage: Modelling and Performance Evaluation

Electronics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 1061
Author(s):  
Ledeng Huang ◽  
Ruishi Wang ◽  
Zhenhua Yang ◽  
Longhan Xie
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Metabolic Cost ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Load Carriage ◽  
Metabolic Power ◽  
Power Sources ◽  
Energy Harvesters ◽  
And Performance

In recent years, there has been an increasing demand for portable power sources as people are required to carry more equipment for occupational, military, or recreational purposes. The energy harvesting backpack that moves relative to the human body, could capture kinetic energy from human walking and convert vertical oscillation into the rotational motion of the generators to generate electricity. In our previous work, a light-weight tube-like energy harvester (TL harvester) and a traditional frequency-tuneable backpack-based energy harvester (FT harvester) were proposed. In this paper, we discuss the power generation performance of the two types of energy harvesters and the energy performance of human loaded walking, while carrying energy harvesting backpacks, based on two different spring-mass-damper models. Testing revealed that the electrical power in the experiments showed similar trends to the simulation results, but the calculated electrical power and the net metabolic power were higher than that of the experiments. Moreover, the total cost of harvesting (TCOH), defined as additional metabolic power in watt required to generate 1 W of electrical power, could be negative, which indicated that there is a chance to generate 6.11 W of electricity without increasing the metabolic cost while carrying energy harvesting backpacks.

Energy harvesters for rotating systems: Modeling and performance analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Faiz Basheer ◽  
Elmehaisi Mehaisi ◽  
Ahmed Elsergany ◽  
Ahmed ElSheikh ◽  
Mehdi Ghommem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Output Power ◽  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Double Pendulum ◽  
Energy Harvesters ◽  
Rotating Systems ◽  
Optimal Power ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Systems Simulation

AbstractAn exclusive reliance on batteries for miniature sensors has created the need for a self-sustained energy harvester to enable permanent power. This work introduces a pendulum-based energy harvester that is capable of harnessing kinetic energy from rotating structures to generate electric power through electromagnetic transduction. A computational model of the energy harvesting device is developed on Simscape to compute, analyze and compare the power generation capacities of the single, double and Rott’s pendulum systems. Simulation results are validated against their experimental counterparts reported in the literature. Results show an increase in the output voltage in a specific range of rotational speed for all three pendulum harvesters. The double pendulum exhibits the highest power generation potential among the simulated pendulum arrangements. A parametric study revealed that increasing the damping of the harvester decreased its output power, whereas an increase in mass and length of the harvester is observed to increase the output power and shift the optimal power generation subrange.

scholarly journals Design and analysis of a shear mode piezoelectric energy harvester for rotational motion system

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (03) ◽  
pp. 2050008
Author(s):  
Tejkaran Narolia ◽  
Vijay K. Gupta ◽  
I. A. Parinov
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Output Power ◽  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Parameters Optimization ◽  
Shear Mode ◽  
Fe Model ◽  
Induced Voltage ◽  
Average Output ◽  
Piezoelectric Patch ◽  
Piezoelectric Energy

A shear mode piezoelectric energy harvester for harvesting energy from rotary motion is developed. The kinetic energy in the form of rotation is converted into electrical form of energy by piezoelectric principle with oscillation of piezoelectric patch through magnetic shear force. Efforts have been made to increase the output power using shear mode of operation. In order to estimate the induced voltage of piezoelectric patch, a mathematical model and an Finite Element (FE) model are developed. Considering various parameters, optimization of the harvester was made. Analytical and Finite Element Method (FEM) results are compared and good agreement has been found. The total average output power of 358.44 W is generated when rotary speed of hub of about 600 RPM.

Optimal Design of Vibration Power Generator for Low Frequency

2009 ◽  
Vol 147-149 ◽  
pp. 426-431 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zdenek Hadas ◽  
Vladislav Singule ◽  
Cestmir Ondrusek
Keyword(s):  
Optimal Design ◽  
Output Power ◽  
Wireless Sensors ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Mechanical Vibration ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Power Generator ◽  
Faraday’S Law ◽  
Electromagnetic Energy Harvesting

This paper deals with an optimal design of an electromagnetic energy harvesting generator for supplying wireless sensors with energy. The developed device is complex mechatronic system which generates an electrical power from an ambient low frequency mechanical vibration by use of a suitable electromagnetic generator. This device is excited by ambient mechanical vibration and electrical energy is harvested due to Faraday’s law. The design of this vibration power generator results from development cycles and the final generator can provide sufficient electrical energy for wireless sensors. The vibration power generator is tuned up to frequency of vibration 17 Hz and harvested output power depends non-linearly on level of vibration. The vibration power generator operates in level of vibration 0.1 – 1 G peak and output power is in range 2 – 25 mW.

Mechanism, theory and application research of a rotating electromagnetic energy harvester suitable for multi-directional excitation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shengkai Guo ◽  
Shiqiao Gao ◽  
Lei Jin ◽  
Xueda Du ◽  
Zuozong Yin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Output Power ◽  
Average Output Power ◽  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Walking Speed ◽  
Experimental Testing ◽  
Wearable Devices ◽  
Electromagnetic Energy ◽  
Average Output ◽  
Eccentric Rotor ◽  
Rotor Structure

Abstract Energy harvesting in multi-directional excitation for human wearable devices is a challenge. A rotating electromagnetic energy harvester(REMEH) based on an eccentric rotor structure is proposed in this paper. Two poles of the magnets in REMEH are alternately arranged in a ring. The electrical output characteristics of the energy harvester are analyzed through theoretical, numerical simulation and experimental testing methods based on the establishment of magnetic flux density models, the coil induced voltage, and the excitation direction of the eccentric rotor structure. Theoretical analysis and experimental results show that the design of the eccentric rotor structure is well adapted to multi-directional and irregular excitation. The circular staggered arrangement of the magnets effectively increases the output voltage and output power. The results show that the average output power increases slowly when the walking speed increases from 1km/h to 3km/h, and the average output power increases substantially when the walking speed increases from 3km/h to 5km/h. When the walking speed is 1km/h and 3km/h, the average output power is 0.439mW and 0.638mW, respectively. At a walking speed of 5 km/h, the average output power increases rapidly to 1.68mW, corresponding to a power density of 16.59μW/g. This high-performance energy harvester can provide effective power supply for wearable devices or low-powered sensors.

scholarly journals Study on the Output Performance of a Nonlinear Hybrid Piezoelectric-Electromagnetic Harvester under Harmonic Excitation

Acoustics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 382-392 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haipeng Liu ◽  
Shiqiao Gao ◽  
Junru Wu ◽  
Ping Li
Keyword(s):  
Resonant Frequency ◽  
Output Power ◽  
Average Output Power ◽  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Harmonic Excitation ◽  
Average Output ◽  
Hybrid Energy ◽  
Output Performance ◽  
Hybrid Energy Harvester ◽  
Nonlinear Hybrid

The nonlinear energy harvester has become a hot topic due to its broad bandwidth and lower resonant frequency. Based on the preliminary test and analyses in our previous work, further analyses and tests on the influence of parameters, including the nonlinear magnetic force of the hybrid energy harvesting structure on its output performance under harmonic excitation, are performed in this paper, which will provide powerful support for structural optimization. For designing a nonlinear piezoelectric-electromagnetic hybrid energy harvester, the state equation of electromechanical coupling, the harmonic response and average output power, voltage, and current of a nonlinear hybrid energy harvester under harmonic excitation are derived by the harmonic balance method. The effects of the excitation acceleration and the external load on the output performance of the nonlinear hybrid energy harvester are verified through experimental tests. The results showed that the output power of the nonlinear hybrid energy harvester increases with the increase in the acceleration of harmonic excitation, and the increase is affected by external load. When the piezoelectric-electromagnetic hybrid harvester operates at the optimal load and the resonant frequency, the average output power reaches its maximum value and the increase of the load of the piezoelectric unit makes the resonant frequency of the energy harvesting system increase. Compared with linear harvesting structures, the nonlinear hybrid harvester has better flexibility of environmental adaptability and is more suitable for harvesting energy in low-frequency environments.

Characterization of Different Piezoelectric Profile for Energy Harvester

2015 ◽  
Vol 793 ◽  
pp. 407-411 ◽  
Author(s):  
Afifah Shuhada Rosmi ◽  
Syed Idris Syed Hasan ◽  
Y. Wahab ◽  
Mazlee Mazalan
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Maximum Output Power ◽  
Mechanical Vibration ◽  
Electrical Potential ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Maximum Output ◽  
Excellent Performance ◽  
Microelectromechanical System

Microelectromechanical system (MEMS) piezoelectric transducer has been widely used as a mechanism for converting mechanical vibration into electrical power energy harvester.This paper presents a simulation result of cantilever-type piezoelectric MEMS generator with four different profiles to characterize the ability in producing a maximum output power at low frequency ambient vibration.Zinc Oxide is chosen as the piezoelectric material during the simulation. The simulation was conducted using IntelliSense’s CAE tool to obtain the natural frequency, electrical potential, and the optimum length dimension for each profile. The simulation result shows an excellent performance from trapezoidal shapetransducer with the electrical potential of 0.914 V at low frequency of 79.92 Hz.

scholarly journals Experimental evaluation of Tusi couple based energy harvester for scavenging power from human motion

2018 ◽  
Vol 211 ◽  
pp. 05004
Author(s):  
Jan Smilek ◽  
Zdenek Hadas
Keyword(s):  
Output Power ◽  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Electronic Devices ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Human Motion ◽  
Single Measurement ◽  
Average Output ◽  
Wearable Electronic ◽  
Wearable Electronic Devices ◽  
Inertial Energy

This paper deals with the experimental performance evaluation of the prototype of a novel inertial energy harvester based on Tusi couple mechanism. The harvester was developed as an autonomous power source for environments with very low frequency and magnitude of mechanical vibrations available. The experiments were conducted using human body during different activities as a source of mechanical excitation, with the prospect of using the harvester for powering up future wearable electronic devices. Four different locations on a single measurement specimen were picked for the harvester placement - back of the head, belt, wrist and ankle. Measurements in each location comprised of walking on a straight and level path at natural speed, walking up and down the stairs, jumping, running, and location-specific activities that were expected to provide significant output power. The measured average output power of the device with dimensions 50x50x20 mm on empirically selected 2 kΩ electrical load reached up to 6.5 mW, obtained with the device attached to the ankle while shaking the leg.

scholarly journals Numerical Assessment and Parametric Optimization of a Piezoelectric Wind Energy Harvester for IoT-Based Applications

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
pp. 2498
Author(s):  
Muhammad Abdullah Sheeraz ◽  
Muhammad Sohail Malik ◽  
Khalid Rehman ◽  
Hassan Elahi ◽  
Zubair Butt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Wind Energy ◽  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Electrical Response ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Mechanical Vibration ◽  
Rotor Blades ◽  
Optimization Strategy ◽  
Linear Vibrations

In the 21st century, researchers have been showing keen interest in the areas of wireless networking and internet of things (IoT) devices. Conventionally, batteries have been used to power these networks; however, due to the limited lifespan of batteries and with the recent advancements in piezoelectric technology, there is a dramatic increase in renewable energy harvesting devices. In this research, an eco-friendly wind energy harvesting device based on the piezoelectric technique is analytically modeled, numerically simulated, and statistically optimized for low power applications. MATLAB toolbox SIMSCAPE is utilized to simulate the proposed wind energy harvester in which a windmill is used to produce rotational motion due to the kinetic energy of wind. The windmill’s rotational shaft is further connected to the rotary to linear converter (RLC) and vibration enhancement mechanism (VEM) for the generation of translational mechanical vibration. Consequently, due to these alternative linear vibrations, the piezoelectric stack produces sufficient electrical output. The output response of the energy harvester is analyzed for the various conditions of piezoelectric thickness, wind speed, rotor angular velocity, and VEM stiffness. It is observed that the electrical power of the proposed harvester is proportional to the cube of wind speed and is inversely proportional to the number of rotor blades. Furthermore, an optimization strategy based on the full factorial design of the experiment is developed and implemented on MINITAB 18.0 for evaluating the statistical performance of the proposed harvester. It is noticed that a design with 3 rotor-blades, having 3 mm piezoelectric thickness, and 40 Nm−1 stiffness generates the optimum electrical response of the harvester.

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