Lower Limb-Driven Energy Harvester: Modeling, Design, and Performance Evaluation

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Paul Martin ◽  
Michael Shepertycky ◽  
Yan-Fei Liu ◽  
Qingguo Li
Keyword(s):  
Lower Limb ◽  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Peak Voltage ◽  
Daily Movement ◽  
Energy Harvesters ◽  
Portable Electronics ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Parameter Values

Biomechanical energy harvesters (BMEHs) have shown that useable amounts of electricity can be generated from daily movement. Where access to an electrical power grid is limited, BMEHs are a viable alternative to accommodate energy requirements for portable electronics. In this paper, we present the detailed design and dynamic model of a lower limb-driven energy harvester that predicts the device output and the load on the user. Comparing with existing harvester models, the novelty of the proposed model is that it incorporates the energy required for useful electricity generation, stored inertial energy, and both mechanical and electrical losses within the device. The model is validated with the lower limb-driven energy harvester in 12 unique configurations with a combination of four different motor and three different electrical resistance combinations (3.5 Ω, 7 Ω, and 12 Ω). A case study shows that the device can generate between 3.6 and 15.5 W with an efficiency between 39.8% and 72.5%. The model was able to predict the harvester output peak voltage within 5.6 ± 3.2% error and the peak force it exerts on the user within 9.9 ± 3.4% error over a range of parameter values. The model will help to identify configurations to achieve a high harvester efficiency and provide a better understanding of how parameters affect both the timing and magnitude of the load felt by the user.

scholarly journals Energy Harvesting Backpacks for Human Load Carriage: Modelling and Performance Evaluation

Electronics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 1061
Author(s):  
Ledeng Huang ◽  
Ruishi Wang ◽  
Zhenhua Yang ◽  
Longhan Xie
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Metabolic Cost ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Load Carriage ◽  
Metabolic Power ◽  
Power Sources ◽  
Energy Harvesters ◽  
And Performance

In recent years, there has been an increasing demand for portable power sources as people are required to carry more equipment for occupational, military, or recreational purposes. The energy harvesting backpack that moves relative to the human body, could capture kinetic energy from human walking and convert vertical oscillation into the rotational motion of the generators to generate electricity. In our previous work, a light-weight tube-like energy harvester (TL harvester) and a traditional frequency-tuneable backpack-based energy harvester (FT harvester) were proposed. In this paper, we discuss the power generation performance of the two types of energy harvesters and the energy performance of human loaded walking, while carrying energy harvesting backpacks, based on two different spring-mass-damper models. Testing revealed that the electrical power in the experiments showed similar trends to the simulation results, but the calculated electrical power and the net metabolic power were higher than that of the experiments. Moreover, the total cost of harvesting (TCOH), defined as additional metabolic power in watt required to generate 1 W of electrical power, could be negative, which indicated that there is a chance to generate 6.11 W of electricity without increasing the metabolic cost while carrying energy harvesting backpacks.

scholarly journals Recent Trend in Biomechanical Energy Harvesting

10.48175/606 ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 68-73
Author(s):  
Swapnil Arawade ◽  
Ganesh Korwar
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Recent Trend ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Energy Crisis ◽  
Smart Devices ◽  
Energy Harvesters ◽  
The Past ◽  
Innovative Work ◽  
Work Done

In this literature different biomechanical energy harvesters are reviewed. In the past years a lot of work reported on energy harvesting. Energy crisis is the main issue in front of human so it is essential to find new promising ways to fulfil the need of electricity. Wearable smart devices and small sensor require low electrical power so to power them biomechanical energy harvesters comes into picture. The innovative work done by the researchers in developing new biomechanical energy harvester is discussed and summarized.

scholarly journals Nonlinear damping in energy harvesters driven by colored noise

2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (6) ◽  
pp. 642
Author(s):  
Mauricio Bastida Romero ◽  
Sebastian Ramirez Cholula
Keyword(s):  
Colored Noise ◽  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Nonlinear Damping ◽  
Correlated Noise ◽  
Random Vibrations ◽  
Energy Harvesters

We study the performance of an electromechanical oscillator as an energy harvester driven byfinite-bandwidth random vibrations under the influence of both a stiffness-type nonlinearity and anonlinear damping that has recently been found to be relevant in the dynamics of submicrometermechanical resonators. The device was numerically simulated and its performance assessed by meansof the net electrical power and the efficiency of the conversion of the supplied power by the noiseinto electrical power for exponentially correlated noise. We tune the parameters to achieve a goodperformance of the device for non-negligible amplitudes of the nonlinearity of the oscillator and thedamping.

Design and Comparison of Micro Electromagnetic Vibration Energy Harvesters

2015 ◽  
Vol 645-646 ◽  
pp. 1223-1232
Author(s):  
Yi Ming Lei ◽  
Zhi Yu Wen ◽  
Li Chen
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Load Resistance ◽  
Vibration Energy ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Peak Voltage ◽  
Energy Harvesters ◽  
Electromagnetic Vibration ◽  
Mems Technology ◽  
Electromagnetic Energy Harvesting ◽  
Linear Spring

This paper presents two electromagnetic vibration energy harvesters based on micro-electro-mechanical (MEMS) technology. Two prototypes with different vibration structures were designed and fabricated. The energy harvester includes a permanent magnet attached on vibration structure (resonator) made by Si and a fixed wire-wound coil, with the total volume of 0.9 cm3. Two energy harvesters with different resonator are tested and compared. Experiments show that: in the same acceleration and a load resistance, the resonant frequency of prototype B is approximately 95% of prototype A; The peak-peak voltage and the maximum power of prototype B is 1.6 times and 2.7 times of prototype A respectively. The test results was analyzed simply and it indicated that the electromagnetic energy harvesting with the spring B has better performance; also proved that the potential ability of the non-linear spring could extend the frequency bandwidth and improve output voltage.

Parametric analysis of multilayered unimorph piezoelectric vibration energy harvesters

2015 ◽  
Vol 23 (15) ◽  
pp. 2538-2553 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed Jemai ◽  
Fehmi Najar ◽  
Moez Chafra
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Closed Form Solution ◽  
Beam Theory ◽  
Load Resistance ◽  
Form Solution ◽  
Energy Harvesters ◽  
Piezoelectric Energy ◽  
Piezoelectric Cantilever ◽  
Piezoelectric Layers

The use of a multilayer piezoelectric cantilever beam for vibration-based energy harvesting applications has been investigated as an effective technique to increase the harvested electrical power. It has been shown that the multilayered energy harvester performance is very sensitive to the number of layers and their electrical connection due to impedance variations. The objective of this work is to suggest a comprehensive mathematical model of multilayered unimorph piezoelectric energy harvester allowing analytical solution for the harvested voltage and electrical power. The model is used to deeply investigate the influence of different parameters on the harvested power. A distributed-parameter model of the harvester using the Euler–Bernoulli beam theory and Hamilton's principle is derived. Gauss's law is used to derive the electrical equations for parallel and series connections. A closed-form solution is proposed based on the Galerkin procedure and the obtained results are validated with a finite element 3D model. A parametric study is performed to ascertain the influence of the load resistance, the thickness ratio, the number of piezoelectric layers on the tip displacement and the electrical harvested power. It is shown that this model can be easily used to adjust the geometrical and electrical parameters of the energy harvester in order to improve the system's performances. In addition, it is proven that if one of the system's parameter is not correctly tuned, the harvested power can decrease by several orders of magnitude.

Design of a Compliant Flexure Joint for Use in a Flow Energy Harvester

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Punnag Chatterjee ◽  
Matthew Bryant
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Vibrational Energy ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Flow Induced Vibration ◽  
Vibration Energy Harvester ◽  
Energy Harvesters ◽  
Flow Energy ◽  
Flexure Mechanism ◽  
Multiple Components ◽  
Compact Design

This paper presents an initial experimental and computational investigation of a flow-induced vibration energy harvester with a compliant flexure mechanism. This energy harvester utilizes the aeroelastic flutter phenomenon to convert the flow energy to vibrational energy which can be converted into useful electrical power using piezoelectric transducers. However, unlike previous flutter-based flow energy harvesters [1] which require assembling multiple components to create the necessary aeroelastic arrangement, the device described here utilizes a monolithic, compact design to achieve the same. In this paper, we propose a flexure design for this device and model it using analytic methods and finite element simulations. A proof of concept energy harvester incorporating this flexure design has been fabricated and experimentally investigated in wind tunnel testing.

scholarly journals The Effect of Axial Displacement of Magnets in Piezoelectric Energy Harvester

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3.7) ◽  
pp. 95
Author(s):  
Li Wah Thong ◽  
Yu Jing Bong ◽  
Swee Leong Kok ◽  
Roszaidi Ramlan
Keyword(s):  
Frequency Spectrum ◽  
Power Output ◽  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Vibrational Energy ◽  
Vibration Energy ◽  
Vibration Energy Harvester ◽  
Energy Harvesters ◽  
Piezoelectric Energy ◽  
Operational Frequency ◽  
And Performance

The utilization of vibration energy harvesters as a substitute to batteries in wireless sensors has shown prominent interest in the literature. Various approaches have been adapted in the energy harvesters to competently harvest vibrational energy over a wider spectrum of frequencies with optimize power output.   A typical bistable piezoelectric energy harvester, where the influence of magnetic field is induced into a linear piezoelectric cantilever, is designed and analyzed in this paper. The exploitations of the magnetic force specifically creates nonlinear response and bistability in the energy harvester that extends the operational frequency spectrum for optimize performance.  Further analysis on the effects of axial spacing displacement between two repulsive magnets of the harvester, in terms of x-axis (horizontal) and z-axis (vertical) on its natural resonant frequency and performance based on the frequency response curve are investigated for realizing optimal power output. Experimental results show that by selecting the optimal axial spacing displacement, the vibration energy harvester can be designed to produce maximized output power in an improved broadband of frequency spectrum.  

scholarly journals Energy Harvesting from the Stray Electromagnetic Field around the Electrical Power Cable for Smart Grid Applications

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farid Ullah Khan
Keyword(s):  
Electromagnetic Field ◽  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Power Line ◽  
Power Cable ◽  
Solid Core ◽  
Wireless Sensor Node ◽  
Super Capacitor ◽  
Energy Harvesters ◽  
Steel Core

For wireless sensor node (WSN) applications, this paper presents the harvesting of energy from the stray electromagnetic field around an electrical power line. Inductive and capacitive types of electrodynamic energy harvesters are developed and reported. For the produced energy harvesters, solid core and split-core designs are adopted. The inductive energy harvester comprises a copper wound coil which is produced on a mild steel core. However, the capacitive prototypes comprise parallel, annular discs separated by Teflon spacers. Moreover, for the inductive energy harvesters’ wound coil and core, the parametric analysis is also performed. A Teflon housing is incorporated to protect the energy harvester prototypes from the harsh environmental conditions. Among the inductive energy harvesters, prototype-5 has performed better than the other harvesters and produces a maximum rms voltage of 908 mV at the current level of 155 A in the power line. However, at the same current flow, the capacitive energy harvesters produce a maximum rms voltage of 180 mV. The alternating output of the prototype-5 is rectified, and a super capacitor (1 F, 5.5 V) and rechargeable battery (Nickel-Cadmium, 3.8 V) are charged with it. Moreover, with the utilization of a prototype-5, a self-powered wireless temperature sensing and monitoring system for an electrical transformer is also developed and successfully implemented.

Modeling of Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting from an L-shaped Beam-mass Structure with an Application to UAVs

2008 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 529-544 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alper Erturk ◽  
Jamil M. Renno ◽  
Daniel J. Inman
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Distributed Parameter ◽  
Voltage Response ◽  
Shaped Beam ◽  
Energy Harvesters ◽  
Piezoelectric Energy ◽  
Distributed Parameter Model

Cantilevered piezoelectric energy harvesters have been extensively investigated in the literature of energy harvesting. As an alternative to conventional cantilevered beams, this article presents the L-shaped beam-mass structure as a new piezoelectric energy harvester configuration. This structure can be tuned to have the first two natural frequencies relatively close to each other, resulting in the possibility of a broader band energy harvesting system. This article describes the important features of the L-shaped piezoelectric energy harvester configuration and develops a linear distributed parameter model for predicting the electromechanically coupled voltage response and displacement response of the harvester structure. After deriving the coupled distributed parameter model, a case study is presented to investigate the electrical power generation performance of the L-shaped energy harvester. A direct application of the L-shaped piezoelectric energy harvester configuration is proposed for use as landing gears in unmanned air vehicle applications and a case study is presented where the results of the L-shaped — energy harvester — landing gear are favorably compared against the published experimental results of a curved beam configuration used for the same purpose.

Energy harvesters for rotating systems: Modeling and performance analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Faiz Basheer ◽  
Elmehaisi Mehaisi ◽  
Ahmed Elsergany ◽  
Ahmed ElSheikh ◽  
Mehdi Ghommem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Output Power ◽  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Double Pendulum ◽  
Energy Harvesters ◽  
Rotating Systems ◽  
Optimal Power ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Systems Simulation

AbstractAn exclusive reliance on batteries for miniature sensors has created the need for a self-sustained energy harvester to enable permanent power. This work introduces a pendulum-based energy harvester that is capable of harnessing kinetic energy from rotating structures to generate electric power through electromagnetic transduction. A computational model of the energy harvesting device is developed on Simscape to compute, analyze and compare the power generation capacities of the single, double and Rott’s pendulum systems. Simulation results are validated against their experimental counterparts reported in the literature. Results show an increase in the output voltage in a specific range of rotational speed for all three pendulum harvesters. The double pendulum exhibits the highest power generation potential among the simulated pendulum arrangements. A parametric study revealed that increasing the damping of the harvester decreased its output power, whereas an increase in mass and length of the harvester is observed to increase the output power and shift the optimal power generation subrange.

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