Fuzzy Ontologies Building Platform for Semantic Web

2012 ◽  
pp. 92-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanêne Ghorbel ◽  
Afef Bahri ◽  
Rafik Bouaziz
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Web ◽  
Description Logic ◽  
Essential Element ◽  
Web Content ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Web Resources ◽  
Research Orientation ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Fuzzy Description ◽  
The Web

The unstructured design of Web resources favors human comprehension, but makes difficult the automatic exploitation of the contents of these resources by machines. So, the Semantic Web aims at making the cooperation between human and machine possible, by giving any information a well defined meaning. The first weavings of the Semantic Web are already prepared. Machines become able to treat and understand the data that were accustomed to only visualization, by using ontologies constitute an essential element of the Semantic Web, as they serve as a form of knowledge representation, sharing, and reuse. However, the Web content is subject to imperfection, and crisp ontologies become less suitable to represent concepts with imprecise definitions. To overcome this problem, fuzzy ontologies constitute a promising research orientation. Indeed, the definition of fuzzy ontologies components constitutes an issue that needs to be well treated. It is necessary to have an appropriate methodology of building an operationalization of fuzzy ontological models. This chapter defines a fuzzy ontological model based on fuzzy description logic. This model uses a new approach for the formal description of fuzzy ontologies. This new methodology shows how all the basic components defined for fuzzy ontologies can be constructed.

Recent Advances in Web3D Semantic Modeling

2020 ◽  
pp. 23-49
Author(s):  
Jakub Flotyński ◽  
Athanasios G. Malamos ◽  
Don Brutzman ◽  
Felix G. Hamza-Lup ◽  
Nicholas F. Polys ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Augmented Reality ◽  
Semantic Web ◽  
Web Content ◽  
3D Structures ◽  
Web Technologies ◽  
Domain Specific ◽  
Virtual And Augmented Reality ◽  
The Web ◽  
3D Web ◽  
3D Content

The implementation of virtual and augmented reality environments on the web requires integration between 3D technologies and web technologies, which are increasingly focused on collaboration, annotation, and semantics. Thus, combining VR and AR with the semantics arises as a significant trend in the development of the web. The use of the Semantic Web may improve creation, representation, indexing, searching, and processing of 3D web content by linking the content with formal and expressive descriptions of its meaning. Although several semantic approaches have been developed for 3D content, they are not explicitly linked to the available well-established 3D technologies, cover a limited set of 3D components and properties, and do not combine domain-specific and 3D-specific semantics. In this chapter, the authors present the background, concepts, and development of the Semantic Web3D approach. It enables ontology-based representation of 3D content and introduces a novel framework to provide 3D structures in an RDF semantic-friendly format.

Semantic Web and Digital Libraries

2011 ◽  
pp. 271-285
Author(s):  
Giorgio Poletti
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Web ◽  
Data Warehouse ◽  
Digital Library ◽  
Digital Libraries ◽  
Knowledge Society ◽  
Specialized Software ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Access To Documents ◽  
The Web

An analysis of the reality surrounding us clearly reveals the great amount of information, available in different forms and through different media. Volumes of information available in real time and via the Web are concepts perceived as closely related. This perception is supported by the remark that the objective of the Web was the definition and construction of a universal archive, a virtual site in which the access to documents was possible with no limits of time or space. In this digital library, documents have to be equipped with logical connections making possible for each user the definition of a reading map that expands according to the demand for knowledge gradually built up. This perspective is pointing now in the direction of the Semantic Web, a network satisfying our requests while understanding them, not by some magic telepathic communication between browser and navigator, but rather a data warehouse in which documents are matched to meta-data,1 letting specialized software to distinguish fields, importance, and correlation between documents. Semantic Web and library terms have an ever increasing close relationship, fundamental for the progress and the didactic efficiency in knowledge society.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Employers and H&S Services in Relation to the COVID-19 System in Polish Manufacturing Companies

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (17) ◽  
pp. 9302
Author(s):  
Joanna Bartnicka ◽  
Patrycja Kabiesz ◽  
Dorota Palka ◽  
Paulina Gajewska ◽  
Ejaz Ul Islam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Health ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Essential Element ◽  
Occupational Health And Safety ◽  
Safety Training ◽  
Manufacturing Companies ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Kirkpatrick Model ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Effectiveness Assessment

With the advent of the COVID-19 pandemic, companies had to adapt quickly to survive in the market. During this time, employers played a key role, along with employees involved in Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) activities, as they were responsible for implementing the recommendations of the European Commission. There is no unambiguous definition of OHS in Polish legislation. It is assumed that it is a set of rules defining the manner of performing work, and above all, a method of providing employees with working conditions so that their performance is safe and hygienic. Responsibility for the health and safety in the workplace is imposed on the employer by the legislature. Thus, effective health and safety training is an essential element of the success of any properly operating company. In the literature, no studies have been identified that evaluate the effectiveness of actions during the COVID-19 outbreak. The aim of the article is to present the actions of Polish employers along with their effectiveness assessment related to the protection of employees during the COVID-19 outbreak. The article presents a proposal for conducting remote OHS (Occupational Health and Safety) training using the platform Moodle. The created course was implemented during OHS training conducted in a selected manufacturing company. At its end, an evaluation of the course was carried out, and the collected opinions of training participants allowed the formulation of interesting conclusions, which became the contribution of this paper. The authors pay special attention to three main points of the work. The first is the form of training, which gives the possibility to conduct training at a distance while maintaining its effectiveness. The second important point is the mandatory feedback of the trainees, ensuring the possibility of continuous improvement and quality enhancement of both the program and the form of training. The evaluation was developed on the basis of the extended Kirkpatrick model, which is a completely new approach to OHS training evaluation. The third point emphasized by the authors is the possibility of precise adaptation of the training to other plants and even industries. Therefore, it can be concluded that the course developed by the authors is a very interesting and practical didactic tool with great implementation potential.

Matching Relational Schemata to Semantic Web Ontologies

2009 ◽  
pp. 434-442 ◽  
Author(s):  
Polyxeni Katsiouli ◽  
Petros Papapanagiotou ◽  
Vassileios Tsetsos ◽  
Christos Anagnostopoulos ◽  
Stathes Hadjiefthymiades
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Web ◽  
Research And Development ◽  
Web Content ◽  
Development Activity ◽  
Core Element ◽  
Implementation Phase ◽  
The Core ◽  
Knowledge Reasoning ◽  
The Web ◽  
Intense Research

The Semantic Web (SW; Berners-Lee, Hendler, & Lassila, 2001) is already in its implementation phase and an indication of this is the intense research and development activity in the area of SW tools and languages. SW is based on metadata, which describe the semantics of the Web content. SW envisages the enrichment of data with semantics in order to be machine understandable and enable knowledge reasoning. The core element for achieving such Web evolution is ontology: “Ontology is an explicit specification of a conceptualization” (Gruber).

Rule-Based OWL Ontology Reasoning Systems

2010 ◽  
pp. 124-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Georgios Meditskos ◽  
Nick Bassiliades
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Web ◽  
Description Logic ◽  
Formal Semantics ◽  
Web Ontology Language ◽  
Rule Engine ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
Rule Based ◽  
Ontology Language ◽  
Open Nature ◽  
The Web

This chapter is focused on the basic principles behind the utilization of rules in order to perform reasoning about the Web Ontology Language (OWL), a Description Logic-based language that is the W3C recommendation for creating and sharing ontologies in the Semantic Web. More precisely, we elaborate on the entailment-based OWL reasoning (EBOR) paradigm, which is based on the utilization of RDF/ RDFS and OWL entailment rules that run on a rule engine, applying the formal semantics of the ontology language. To this end, seven EBOR systems are described and compared, analyzing the different approaches. Despite the closed rule environment, which comes in contrast with the open nature of the Semantic Web, and the fact that OWL semantics are partially mapped into rules, the rule-based OWL reasoning paradigm can give great potentials in the Semantic Web, enabling the utilization of rule engines on top of ontology information.

Virtual Communities and the Alignment of Web Ontologies

2011 ◽  
pp. 497-499 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Juszczyszyn
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Web ◽  
Information Exchange ◽  
Virtual Communities ◽  
Software Agents ◽  
Dynamic Environment ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Web Content ◽  
Description Framework ◽  
Many Sources ◽  
The Web

The World Wide Web (WWW) is a global, ubiquitous, and fundamentally dynamic environment for information exchange and processing. By connecting vast numbers of individuals, the Web enables creation of virtual communities, and during the last 10 years, became a universal collaboration infrastructure. The so-called Semantic Web, a concept proposed by Tim Berners-Lee, is a new WWW architecture that enhances content with formal semantics (Berners-Lee, Hendler, & Lassila, 2001). Hence, the Web content is made suitable for machine processing (i.e., it is described by the associated metadata), as opposed to HTML documents available only for human consumption. Languages such as Resource Description Framework (RDF) and Ontology Web Language (OWL) along with well-known XML are used for description of Web resources. In other words, the Semantic Web is a vision of the future Web in which information is given explicit meaning. This will enable autonomous software agents to reason about Web content and produce intelligent responses to events (Staab, 2002). The ultimate goal of the next generation’s Web is to support the creation of virtual communities which will be composed of software agents and humans cooperating within the same environment. Sharing knowledge within such a community requires a shared conceptual vocabularies—ontologies, which represent the formal common agreement about the meaning of data (Gomez-Perez & Corcho, 2002). Artificial intelligence defines ontologies as explicit, formal specification of a shared conceptualization (Studer, Benjamins, & Fensel, 1998). In this case, a conceptualization stands for an abstract model of some concept from the real world; explicit means that the type of concept used is explicitly defined. Formal refers to the fact that an ontology should be machine readable; and finally shared means that ontology expresses knowledge that is accepted by all the subjects. In short, an ontology defines the terms used to describe and represent an area of knowledge. However, the shared ontologies must be first constructed by using information from many sources which may be of arbitrary quality. Thus, it is necessary to find a way to seamlessly combine the knowledge from many sources, maybe diverse and heterogeneous. The resultant ontologies enable virtual communities and teams to manage and exchange their knowledge. It should be noted, that the word ontology has been used to describe notions with different degrees of structure—from taxonomies (e.g., Yahoo hierarchy), metadata schemes (e.g., Dublin Core), to logical theories. The Semantic Web needs ontologies with a significant degree of structure. These should allow the specification of at least the following kinds of things: • Concepts (which identify the classes of things like cars or birds) from many domains of interest • The relationships that can exist among concepts • The properties (or attributes) those concepts may have

Experiences from declarative markup to improve the accessibility of HTML

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincenzo Rubano ◽  
Fabio Vitali
Keyword(s):  
Best Practices ◽  
Web Pages ◽  
Complex Task ◽  
Rare Occurrence ◽  
Web Content ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Web Resources ◽  
Rules And Principles ◽  
Accessibility Issues ◽  
Automated Tools

Producing accessible content for the Web is a rather complex task. Standards, rules and principles that offer largely useful recommendations for accessible content do indeed exist, but they are not adequately enforced and supported by actual implementations. It is fairly frequent for content authors to produce material that ends up not being accessible without even noticing it, even when using additional tools and services. Yet, most of the existing recommendations for accessible web resources center around the addition of reasonably simple markup with a clear declarative purpose in their design. How therefore is it possible that producing truly accessible content is such a rare occurrence? In this paper, we posit that an important justification of this, in addition to well-known lack of interest and lack of awareness, is the difficulty of evaluating and perceiving the correctness or wrongness of the generated assistive markup by non-disabled content authors and tool designers. Designers have serious difficulties when evaluating the effectiveness and correctness of the accessibility of their works, and existing tools do little or nothing to reduce the "handicap". Under these assumptions, we aim to describe an innovative approach based on declarative markup to improve the design and evaluation the accessibility of web pages. In particular, our strategy encompasses the combined usage of a declarative framework of accessible web components, capable of enforcing best-practices and conformance to accessibility standards, as well as automated tools to test for the accessibility of web content and, in addition, a new approach to manual tools to let developers and content creators examine visually the accessibility issues so that they can make sense of their impact on people with disabilities.

scholarly journals AUTOMATIC STRUCTURING OF SEMANTIC WEB SERVICES – AN APPROACH

2015 ◽  
pp. 242-245
Author(s):  
B. KAMALA ◽  
J. M. NANDHINI
Keyword(s):  
Web Services ◽  
Semantic Web ◽  
Free Text ◽  
Description Language ◽  
Inverse Document Frequency ◽  
Document Frequency ◽  
Accurate Definition ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Machine Readable ◽  
The Web

Ontologies have become the effective modeling for various applications and significantly in the semantic web. The difficulty of extracting information from the web, which was created mainly for visualising information, has driven the birth of the semantic web, which will contain much more resources than the web and will attach machine-readable semantic information to these resources. Ontological bootstrapping on a set of predefined sources, such as web services, must address the problem of multiple, largely unrelated concepts. The web services consist of basically two components, Web Services Description Language (WSDL) descriptors and free text descriptors. The WSDL descriptor is evaluated using two methods, namely Term Frequency/Inverse Document Frequency (TF/IDF) and web context generation. The proposed bootstrapping ontological process integrates TF/IDF and web context generation and applies validation using the free text descriptor service, so that, it offers more accurate definition of ontologies. This paper uses ranking adaption model which predicts the rank for a collection of web service documents which leads to the automatic construction, enrichment and adaptation of ontologies.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document