ICTS and Their Role in Health Promotion

This chapter presents findings of mini-survey that utilized an exploratory descriptive design to examine the accessibility, affordability, acceptability, and utility of ICTs with specific reference to health promotion for selected rural communities. Specifically, the study focused on access to radio, television, mobile phone, and Internet services at a level of effort and cost that is both acceptable to and within the means of a large majority in a given village. The findings indicate that ICTs gadgets explored have opened up possibility for health services and information to reach even people in the rural areas. Ultimately, access affects the general well-being of individuals. One of the major initiatives under the umbrella of health is improving access to health services and information; and this covers among other things, expanding the delivery of health information through the radio and television. This study confirms breakthrough in this respect. Challenges that accompany the use of these ICT gadgets include no connectivity in some areas and lack of training to use them.

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ICTS and Their Role in Health Promotion

Cases on Developing Countries and ICT Integration ◽

10.4018/978-1-60960-117-1.ch001 ◽

2011 ◽

pp. 1-15 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Motshedisi B. Sabone ◽

Keitshokile D. Mogobe ◽

Tiny G. Sabone

Keyword(s):

Health Promotion ◽

Rural Communities ◽

Health Services ◽

Health Information ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Well Being ◽

Specific Reference ◽

Access To Health Services ◽

Access To Health ◽

Level Of Effort

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Consumer-Level Perceived Access to Health Services and Its Effects on Vulnerability and Health Outcomes

Journal of Public Policy & Marketing ◽

10.1177/0743915620903299 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 39 (2) ◽

pp. 240-255 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Emily C. Tanner ◽

Richard J. Vann ◽

Elvira Kizilova

Keyword(s):

Health Services ◽

Well Being ◽

Subjective Perception ◽

Access To Health Services ◽

Close Link ◽

Perceived Vulnerability ◽

Access To Health ◽

Health Related ◽

Perceived Access ◽

The Relationship

Access to health services affects the well-being of millions of consumers. Although the topic of health-related access is regularly featured in popular and academic conversations, these conversations primarily concentrate on objective or situational access factors. This research focuses instead on consumers’ subjective perception of access to better appreciate how personally experienced service availability and ease of access jointly determine consumers’ access perceptions. The authors find that perceived access to health services (PAHS) offers insight into the relationships between access, perceived health vulnerability, and overall health. Through scale development and a series of three theory-testing studies, this work demonstrates the close link between PAHS and perceived vulnerability (Study 1), connects this relationship to overall health (Studies 1–3), and establishes behavioral changes associated with access-vulnerability concerns (Study 2). Moreover, Study 3 finds evidence for a “muting” effect of health system distrust on the relationship between PAHS and perceived vulnerability as well as an “amplifying” effect of health motivation on the relationship between perceived vulnerability and overall health. Together, these studies illustrate PAHS’s relevance for explaining consumer vulnerability and overall health.

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Do adult health outcomes in urban population reflect local health risk? A matched cohort analysis of migration effects in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2019-029059 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (7) ◽

pp. e029059

Author(s):

Philippe Bocquier ◽

Abdramane Bassiahi Soura ◽

Souleymane Sanogo ◽

Sara Randall

Keyword(s):

Health Status ◽

Health Services ◽

Health Outcomes ◽

Health Risks ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Cohort Analysis ◽

Local Health ◽

Access To Health Services ◽

Access To Health

BackgroundSelective migration may affect health indicators in both urban and rural areas. Sub-Saharan African urban areas show evidence of both negative and positive selection on health status at outmigration. Health outcomes as measured in urban populations may not reflect local health risks and access to health services.MethodsUsing the Ouagadougou Health and Demographic Surveillance System and a migrant follow-up survey, we measured differences in health between matched non-migrants and outmigrants. We applied Cox and competing risks models on migration and death.ResultsControlling for premigration health status, migrants who moved out of Ouagadougou have higher mortality (HR 3.24, 95% CI 1.23 to 8.58) than non-migrants and migrants moving to other Ouagadougou areas. However, these effects vanish in the matched sample controlling for all interactions between death determinants. These and other results show little evidence that migration led to higher mortality or worse health.ConclusionsHealth outcomes as measured in Ouagadougou population do reflect local health risks and access to health services despite high migration intensity. However, neither the hypothesis of effect of health on migration nor the hypothesis of negative effect of migration on health or survival was confirmed.

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Movement Disability: Situations and Factors Influencing Access to Health Services in the Northeast of Thailand

Kathmandu University Medical Journal ◽

10.3126/kumj.v12i3.13709 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 12 (3) ◽

pp. 168-174 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

A Wongkongdech ◽

W Laohasiriwong

Keyword(s):

Health Services ◽

Rural Areas ◽

P Value ◽

Residential Areas ◽

Access To Health Services ◽

Persons With Disabilities ◽

Care Givers ◽

Factors Influencing ◽

Access To Health ◽

Movement Disability

Background Persons with movement disability (PWMDs) are the biggest group of persons with disabilities (PWDs) with needs helps especially on health. There has been no evident to show health services accessibility situation of PWMDs in the Northeast of Thailand, the biggest region.Objective This study aimed to explore the current situation of accessibility to health services among PWMDs, and factors influencing such access.Method This cross-sectional study used a multistage stratified random sampling to select 462 subjects from the national registered PWMDs poll to response to a structured questionnaire. This study complies with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki and was approved by the Khon Kaen University Ethics Committee for Human Research prior to the data collection.Result We found that most of PWMDs (66%) had overall health service accessibility at medium level. Factors influencing the access to health services were living in rural area (adj. mean diff.= -24.01; 95 % CI: -45.88 to-2.31; p-value=0.032), high income (adj. mean diff.=0.002; 95 % CI: 0.001 to 0.005; p-value = 0.044), and having offspring or spouse as care givers (adj. mean diff.=40.44; 95% CI: 7.69 to 73.19; p-value=0.044; and adj. mean diff.=48.99; 95%CI: 15.01-82.98; p-value=0.016, respectively). PWMDs who lived in rural areas had better access to health services especially to the sub-district health promoting hospital than those in the urban area.Conclusion Accessibly to health services of PWMDs still limited. Income, care givers and residential areas had influences on their access.Kathmandu University Medical Journal Vol.12(3) 2014; 168-174

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Gypsy/Traveller, migrant, and refugee children

10.1093/med/9780198788850.003.0026 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Louise Condon ◽

Julie Mytton

Keyword(s):

Health Promotion ◽

Health Services ◽

Health Needs ◽

Refugee Children ◽

Physical And Mental Health ◽

Access To Health Services ◽

Refugee Status ◽

Access To Health ◽

Special Circumstances ◽

Health Programmes

Children living in special circumstances due to migration or refugee status, or being of Gypsy, Roma, or Traveller ethnicity, have extra health needs and difficulty in accessing universal and specialist health services. Migrant, refugee, and Traveller children belong to diverse ethnic and social groups, but share characteristics which increase their need for targeted health promotion. All groups are subsections of the population with poor self-reported health and access to health services, and higher numbers of dependent children. It is well recognized that they experience discrimination and social exclusion which adversely impacts health. There is overlap between groups, for example, refugees are migrants who have left their country of origin to avoid persecution, and Roma are migrants who are of Gypsy ethnicity. This chapter identifies the reasons why children from these groups require focused health promotion; it summarizes their health needs, describes interventions to improve their physical and mental health through the child health programmes, and discusses factors that influence their ability to access preventive services.

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Survey on Health, Well-being and Aging. SABE Colombia 2015: Technical report

Colombia Medica ◽

10.25100/cm.v50i2.4557 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 128-138 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Delia Ortega Lenis ◽

Fabián Méndez

Keyword(s):

Health Services ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Rural Population ◽

Social Protection ◽

Survey Methods ◽

Well Being ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Access To Health Services ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Qualitative Approaches

Introduction: Colombian population is getting old in an accelerated manner, causing economic, social and health services effects. The Ministry of Health and Social Protection in the National System of Population Studies and Surveys for Health implemented the first health, well-being and aging survey- SABE-2015 Colombia- to know the living conditions of people 60 years of age or older. Objective: Describe the design of the method, statistical sampling and quality control of information from the SABE-2015 survey. Methods: A cross-sectional study, with quantitative and qualitative approaches, representative for the population in urban and rural areas aged 60 or over. Information was collected on socioeconomic variables, physical and social environment, behavior, cognition and affection, functionality, mental well-being, health conditions, and the use and access to health services. Results: 23,694 surveys were conducted, 17,189 in urban population (72.5%) and 6,505 in rural population. The percentage of effective national response was 66% in 244 municipalities. Supervision was made in 40% of the surveys and telephone re-contact in 25%. The consistency of 100% surveys was reviewed and double entry was developed in 5% of them. National estimates have a 5% margin error. Conclusion: The SABE Colombia 2015 survey is representative of the main indicators of health, well-being and aging in Colombia. The design allows regional comparisons, between large cities and urban and rural population.

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Perception of effective access to health services in Territorial Spaces for Training and Reintegration, one year after the peace accords in Colombia: a cross-sectional study

F1000Research ◽

10.12688/f1000research.21375.1 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

pp. 2140

Author(s):

Julián Alfredo Fernández-Niño ◽

Lud Magdy Chaparro ◽

Ana Beatriz Vásquez-Rodríguez ◽

Maylen Liseth Rojas-Botero ◽

Ginna Esmeralda Hernández-Neuta ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Health Services ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Access To Health Services ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Post Conflict ◽

Access To Health ◽

Peace Accords ◽

One Year

Backgrounds: The signing of the peace accords in Colombia created challenges that are inherent to post-conflict transitions. One of those is the process of reintegrating ex-combatants into society, in which ensuring their rights to health is a particularly significant challenge in rural areas affected by armed conflict. These areas, known as Territorial Spaces for Training and Reintegration (ETCR, in Spanish), are geographically dispersed throughout 24 municipalities and 13 departments in Colombia. This study aimed to describe how ex-combatants in ETCR regions perceived access to health services one year after the signing of the peace accords. Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional study was performed between September and October 2018. It included 591 adults and their families, from 23 ETCRs. The study was designed, culturally validated, and piloted. Interviewers were trained and a structured survey was administered containing five dimensions that characterized the perception of effective access to health services. Results: The majority of interviewees were women, heads of household, young adults, ex-combatants, and residents in an ETCR. In total of 96.4% were enrolled in Colombia’s subsidized health system, and 20.8% indicated that a member of their household required emergency health services. The regional health center provided the majority of the services. Most of those surveyed (96.0%) reported that they did not have to pay for the services, and that they received respectful (91.6%) and good quality (66.6%) care. There were few referrals to disease prevention and health promotion activities, and only 19.0% of households reported having been visited by extramural health care teams, whose activities were highly valued (80%). Lastly, there was little knowledge about community health activities. Conclusions: While residents of ETCR regions have a favorable perception of their access to health services, they need to be made aware of extramural and public health activities.

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Adolescent access to health services in fragile and conflict-affected contexts: the case of the Gaza Strip

10.21203/rs.3.rs-100002/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Bassam Abu Hamad ◽

Nicola Jones ◽

Ingrid Gercama

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Health Services ◽

Adolescent Health ◽

Service Providers ◽

Gaza Strip ◽

Well Being ◽

Physical And Mental Health ◽

Access To Health Services ◽

Access To Health ◽

The Gaza Strip

Abstract Background: Enjoyment of physical and mental health is not only recognized as a human right but also as an integral part of development, as reflected in Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 3 – to ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages. The rapid physical, psychosocial and behavioural changes that take place during adolescence have a strong influence on the rest of a person’s life course, so investments in adolescent health services constitute a unique opportunity to reap lifelong and inter-generational dividends. Yet the evidence base on adolescents’ access to health services, particularly in conflict-affected contexts, remains thin. This article explores adolescents’ access to health services in the Gaza Strip, and their experiences and perceptions of those services. Methods: The article draws on mixed-methods research in the Gaza Strip in 2016 and 2017 involving 240 adolescents and 65 service providers, combining a QuickTapSurvey,™ key informant interviews, peer-to-peer research and individual in-depth interviews. Results: The findings underscore that gender norms—especially those pertaining to adolescent girls’ sexual purity––shape adolescent health in multiple ways. Girls face increasing restrictions on their mobility and social interactions, leaving them with limited opportunities for leisure or exercise, socializing with peers or seeking health (including mental health) services. Adolescent boys in Gaza do not face the same restrictions, but given the multiple political, economic and familial stressors, they are at high risk of substance abuse and involvement in peer violence. Moreover, our findings suggest that a range of socioeconomic, cultural and structural barriers prevent adolescents in Gaza from accessing quality and appropriate health care. Study participants cited the main challenges as an absence of preventive adolescent health initiatives and limited information on sexual and reproductive health, as well as drug shortages, high treatment costs, and negative interactions with service providers. Conclusions: The article highlights the importance of (1) designing and implementing conflict-sensitive and age- and gender-appropriate adolescent services and information; (2) promoting preventive services targeted at adolescents; and (3) improving service provider awareness of adolescents’ specific health needs in all contexts.

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Managing Health at District Level: A Framework for Enhancing Programme Implementation in India

Journal of Health Management ◽

10.1177/0972063421994991 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 23 (1) ◽

pp. 119-128

Author(s):

Natasha Dawa ◽

Thelma Narayan ◽

Jai Prakash Narain

Keyword(s):

Health Care ◽

Health Services ◽

National Health ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Social Protection ◽

Well Being ◽

District Level ◽

Access To Health Services ◽

Programme Implementation ◽

Quality Health Care

COVID-19 pandemic has brought to the fore the need for a strong health system for the social protection of people and to improve health programme implementation in the coming years. India has made great progress in health over the past 50 years; however, despite the progress made, it is faced with several challenges. While infectious diseases remain an unfinished agenda, chronic non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are rising and are now the leading cause of mortality in the country. This is further compounded by the prevailing inequalities in access to quality health care among population groups including those living in remote rural areas. To achieve Universal Health Coverage and Sustainable Development Goals by 2030, India in 2017 revised its National Health Policy and committed itself to attain the highest possible level of good health and well-being, through preventive and promotive health interventions. While policies are enunciated and plans are formulated, the implementation at ground level is at best tardy and lack lustre As an administrative unit for programme implementation, a district has a key role to play in implementing national programmes and in delivery of basic health services to the people. They are strategically placed to plan, organise and lead efforts meant to deliver primary health care services through better management of existing resources and by fully engaging all relevant stakeholders in contributing towards achievement of national health goals and in responding to a public health emergency such as Covid-19. Planning and managing health problems need an improved and responsive health governance. Strategic planning, monitoring and evaluation require integration and coordination of various health programmes including dealing with health crises, fostering inter-sectoral involvement and engagement of the community as a key actor. Efforts are needed to ensure that services reach the most vulnerable and marginalised sections of the society. Adequate governance support at district level through a whole-of-society approach is essential to bridge the health inequities and ensure equitable access to health services.

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