From Local Information Systems to Global Customer Relationship Management

Author(s):  
Ulas Akkucuk

Advances in computer and information technologies have been utilized by companies all over the world since the 1990s. Corresponding roughly to the same period, global trade has increased dramatically. The opening up of large markets like China and the Eastern Europe contributed to this trend. National companies turned global and had to manage operations in a number of different countries. Companies strived to maintain better customer relationships through CRM programs aimed at managing the flow of information, interacting with the customers, and in the end, formulating individualized offerings for them. Globalization has led to the development of the new notion of Global Customer Relationship Management as opposed to having independent local CRM programs operating in the subsidiaries. This chapter presents the issues facing the implementation of such Global CRM programs and provides the important conceptual frameworks proposed in the literature.

Author(s):  
Ulas Akkucuk

Advances in computer and information technologies have been utilized by companies all over the world since the 1990s. Corresponding roughly to the same period, global trade has increased dramatically. The opening up of large markets like China and the Eastern Europe contributed to this trend. National companies turned global and had to manage operations in a number of different countries. Companies strived to maintain better customer relationships through CRM programs aimed at managing the flow of information, interacting with the customers, and in the end, formulating individualized offerings for them. Globalization has led to the development of the new notion of Global Customer Relationship Management as opposed to having independent local CRM programs operating in the subsidiaries. This chapter presents the issues facing the implementation of such Global CRM programs and provides the important conceptual frameworks proposed in the literature.


Author(s):  
Dan Zhu

With the explosive growth of information available on the World Wide Web, users must increasingly use automated tools to find, extract, filter, and evaluate desired information and resources. Companies are investing significant amounts of time and money on creating, developing, and enhancing individualized customer relationships, a process called customer relationship management, or CRM (Berry & Linoff, 1999; Buttle, 2003; Rud, 2000). Based on a report by the Aberdeen Group, worldwide CRM spending reached $13.7 billion in 2002 and should be close to $20 billion by 2006.


2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 203-207
Author(s):  
Malini D H

The CRM approach has received increased attention as a marketing concept during the last decades (Sin et al.2005; Osarenkhoe and Bennani 2007; Wilson et al. 2002). By combining the abilities to respond directly to customer requests and to provide the customer with a highly interactive, customized experience. Organizations today have greater scope for establish, cultivate, and maintain long-term customer relationships than ever before. The ultimate goal is to transform these relationships into greater profitability by increasing repeat purchase rates and reducing customer acquisition costs. Indeed, this revolution in customer relationship management or CRM as it is called has been referred to as the new ―mantra‖ of marketing (Russell S. Winer 2001). The Indian aviation industry is identified as one of the fastest growing industry in the world with private airlines accounting for more than 75 per cent of the sector. It is noticed that the 9th largest position in the aviation market in the world is India. In the present study the effort has been made to examine and analyze the effects of CRM and its contribution towards airline industry and also to develop and clarify a conceptual framework integrating CRM constructs, and its implications on aviation industry.


2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 45
Author(s):  
Komang Redy Winatha

Responding to the higher restaurant industry competition, the Mailaku Roemah Nongkrong restaurant was not too flexible in facing an environmental changes. It was still using manual technology while there was an advancing technological developments. It was still applying the internal resources for business development. One way to overcome this problem is by utilizing technology and the concept of customer relationship management (CRM). CRM is a marketing strategy to create and maintain customer relationships and reduce the possibility of customers moving to other competitors. This study presented the development and implementation of CRM in a web-based system that was supported by sms gateway technology. The research methodology that will be used in this study consists of some steps, such as library study, observation, interviews, and system development which was divided into analysis, design, coding, and testing. The result was a web-based system was able to manage customer data, product promotion, and customer service management to create good relationships with customers. This system can be as an alternative for restaurants and customers in establishing practical business communication.


Author(s):  
Aberdeen Leila Borders ◽  
Wesley J. Johnston ◽  
Brett W. Young ◽  
Johnathan Yehuda Morpurgo

This article examines the issue of electronic customer relationship management (eCRM) in a manufacturing context. ECRM has been described as the fusion of a process, a strategy, and technology to blend sales, marketing, and service information to identify, attract, and build partnerships with customers (Bettis-Outland & Johnston, 2003; Jaworski & Jocz, 2002). Although some customers still pay a premium for face-to-face or voice-to-voice interaction in today’s hightech world, through external (e.g., advertising) and internal (e.g., word-of-mouth) influence, the diffusion of the use of eCRM to build and sustain customer loyalty as a firm’s strategy is on the rise. Manufacturers use the knowledge of their customers’ needs and preferences to manage profitable customer interactions. This increased use of eCRM as a new manifestation (technological consolidation) of firmly established customer relationship management techniques has been shown to improve customer relationships and enhance customization (Kennedy, 2006).


Author(s):  
Jounghae Bang ◽  
Nikhilesh Dholakiam ◽  
Lutz Hamel ◽  
Seung-Kyoon Shin

Customer relationships are increasingly central to business success (Kotler, 1997; Reichheld & Sasser, 1990). Acquiring new customers is five to seven times costlier than retaining existing customers (Kotler, 1997). Simply by reducing customer defections by 5%, a company can improve profits by 25% to 85% (Reichheld & Sasser, 1990). Relationship marketing—getting to know customers intimately by understanding their preferences—has emerged as a key business strategy for customer retention (Dyche, 2002). Internet and related technologies offer amazing possibilities for creating and sustaining ideal customer relationships (Goodhue, Wixom, & Watson, 2002; Ives, 1990; Moorman, Zaltman, & Deshpande, 1992). Internet is not only an important and convenient new channel for promotion, transactions, and business process coordination; it is also a source of customer data (Shaw, Subramaniam, Tan, & Welge, 2001). Huge customer data warehouses are being created using advanced database technologies (Fayyad, Piatetsky- Shapiro, & Smyth, 1996). Customer data warehouses by themselves offer no competitive advantages: insightful customer knowledge must be extracted from such data (Kim, Kim, & Lee, 2002). Valuable marketing insights about customer characteristics and their purchase patterns, however, are often hidden and untapped (Shaw et al., 2001). Data mining and knowledge discovery in databases (KDD) facilitate extraction of valuable knowledge from rapidly growing volumes of data (Mackinnon, 1999; Fayyad et al., 1996). This article provides a brief review of customer relationship issues. The article focuses on: (1) customer relationship management (CRM) technologies, (2) KDD techniques, and (3) Key CRM-KDD linkages in terms of relationship marketing. The article concludes with the observations about the state-of-the-art and future directions.


Author(s):  
María Rosa Llamas-Alonso ◽  
Ana Isabel Jiménez-Zarco

As competition and the cost of acquiring new customers continue to increase, the need to build and enhance customer relationships has become paramount for businesses. The building of strong customer relationships has been suggested as a means for gaining competitive advantage (Mckenna, 1993) so, in today’s marketplace, a growing number of firms seek to develop profound, close and long-lasting relationships with their customers since it is much more profitable to keep and satisfy current customers than to manage an ever-changing customer portfolio (Reinartz & Kumar, 2003; Ross, 2005; Llamas-Alonso et al. 2009). This one is a consequence of many paradigmatical changes in the marketing field during the past decades, such as a transition from a focus on the product, transactional marketing, acquiring clients (responsive marketing approach) and market share towards a customer centric approach, relationship marketing, two-way communication, retaining customers (proactive and holistic marketing approaches) and share of customer. Thus, in this fastmoving and highly competitive scenario Customer Relationship Management (hereafter referred to as CRM) emerges as a business philosophy devoted to enhance customer relationships and consequently create value for both the company and the customer.


2015 ◽  
pp. 1884-1903
Author(s):  
Myria Ioannou

The considerable value of CRM is well documented in the literature, and it is further exemplified in today's highly turbulent, competitive, and fragmented markets. Nevertheless, the conceptualisation and operationalisation of CRM remains an area of intense debate, and hence, by reviewing and synthesising literature from the various relational research traditions, the chapter offers a critical perspective as to what customer relationships are and discusses the conditions under which relationships can flourish. To this end, the chapter discusses the conditions, which are conducive to relationship building, highlights the different forms that customer relationships may assume as well as their distinct developmental paths, and offers a number of recommendations to enhance relational efforts.


2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (5) ◽  
pp. 749-766 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minkyung Kim ◽  
K. Sudhir ◽  
Kosuke Uetake ◽  
Rodrigo Canales

At many firms, incentivized salespeople with private information about customers are responsible for customer relationship management. Although incentives motivate sales performance, private information can induce moral hazard by salespeople to gain compensation at the expense of the firm. The authors investigate the sales performance–moral hazard trade-off in response to multidimensional performance (acquisition and maintenance) incentives in the presence of private information. Using unique panel data on customer loan acquisition and repayments linked to salespeople from a microfinance bank, the authors detect evidence of salesperson private information. Acquisition incentives induce salesperson moral hazard, leading to adverse customer selection, but maintenance incentives moderate it as salespeople recognize the negative effects of acquiring low-quality customers on future payoffs. Critically, without the moderating effect of maintenance incentives, the adverse selection effect of acquisition incentives overwhelms the sales-enhancing effects, clarifying the importance of multidimensional incentives for customer relationship management. Reducing private information (through job transfers) hurts customer maintenance but has greater impact on productivity by moderating adverse selection at acquisition. This article also contributes to the recent literature on detecting and disentangling customer adverse selection and customer moral hazard (defaults) with a new identification strategy that exploits the time-varying effects of salesperson incentives.


2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 181-186
Author(s):  
Jashim Uddin Ahmed ◽  
Ayesha Tahsin Ananya ◽  
Kazi Pushpita Mim ◽  
Asma Ahmed ◽  
Sarika Iqbal

Barbie in a wheelchair has heralded a new era in the magical world of Barbie. Mattel, one of the biggest toy manufacturers, has redefined the way Barbie has been portrayed to the world by introducing their new Black Barbie in a wheelchair. After years of innovation and trial and errors, it has proved that Barbie is not just a make-believe plaything or a representation of a singular aspect of beauty standards. These dolls should be relevant and wholesome when it comes to creating a bridge between customers and the brand itself. Mattel realized not too long ago the significance of inclusion, and now it has ended up hoisting a sensation in all of the United States and globally through the Internet and social media such as Twitter. The IDIC (Identify, Differentiate, Interact and Customize) model, which is an effective customer relationship management (CRM) tool, has been deployed by Mattel to demonstrate how Mattel cares for its customers. Mattel’s customer centrism, devotion towards innovation and inclusiveness are the key aspects which has rewarded the company with a whole new spectrum of acceptance from minority groups with a smile on their faces.


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