E-Government for Health Facilities in Africa

Low and Middle Income Countries (LMICs) face healthcare worker shortages, skill mix imbalances, and maldistributions; there is concern in their quality and productivity. Africa's infrastructural developments also are way behind the rest of the world, and this gap is widening. Scalable, cost-effective, and long-term strategies in healthcare services are greatly needed. This chapter explores how Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) could play an important role in improving healthcare. Components of e-health, an emerging field in medicine, clinical care, and public health are discussed. The role of m-health is explored, identifying the benefits of integrating mobile phone technologies in healthcare. To meet the health financing deficiencies, the chapter also explores how Bring-Your-Own-Device (BYOD) could drive healthcare professionals' productivity through increased workplace flexibility.

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Closing the Gap

Healthcare and the Effect of Technology - Advances in Healthcare Information Systems and Administration ◽

10.4018/978-1-61520-733-6.ch003 ◽

2010 ◽

pp. 38-59 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Malina Jordanova

Keyword(s):

Information And Communication Technologies ◽

Health Sector ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Communication Technologies ◽

Healthcare Services ◽

World Health ◽

World Health Assembly Resolution ◽

Health Related ◽

Information And Communication ◽

The Cost

Brought to life by contemporary changes of our world, e-health offers enormous possibilities. In the World Health Organization’s World Health Assembly resolution on e-health, WHO has defined e-health as the cost-effective and secure use of information and communication technologies in support of health and health-related fields, including healthcare services, health surveillance, health literature, and health education (WHO, 2005). It is impossible to have a detailed view of its potential as e-health affects the entire health sector and is a viable tool to provide routine, as well as specialized, health services. It is able to improve both the access to, and the standard of, health care. The aim of the chapter is to focus on how e-health can help in closing one gap - optimizing patient care. The examples included and references provided are ready to be introduced in practice immediately. Special attention is dedicated to cost effectiveness of e-health applications.

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Trade Facilitation Effects on International Trade: Evidence From Lower-Middle and Upper-Middle-Income Countries

International Journal of Financial Research ◽

10.5430/ijfr.v11n5p254 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (5) ◽

pp. 254

Author(s):

Alassane D. Yeo ◽

Aimin Deng ◽

Todine Y. Nadiedjoa

Keyword(s):

International Trade ◽

Information And Communication Technologies ◽

Communication Technologies ◽

Two Dimensions ◽

Middle Income ◽

Trade Facilitation ◽

Middle Income Countries ◽

Information And Communication ◽

Generalised Method Of Moments ◽

The Impact

This paper presents an empirical analysis of the impact of trade facilitation on international trade, as well as the effects of two dimensions: hard and soft infrastructure. Using 18 primary variables, we constructed four indicators of 30 lower-middle-income and 33 upper-middle-income countries over the period 2011-2017. After applying the system-generalised method of moments (GMM), the main finding is that all trade facilitation indicators have a significant effect on exports. However, improvements in physical infrastructure are more likely to increase exports than the efficiency of borders, transport, information and communication technologies (ICTs) and institutions, from the most significant to the least significant. It is also found that the effect of hard infrastructure on exports is virtually the same as that of soft infrastructure. Hard and soft infrastructure must therefore be considered at the same level, as the effectiveness of international trade depends on both.

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Adoption of Information and Communication Technologies for Early Detection of Breast and Cervical Cancers in Low- and Middle-Income Countries

Journal of Global Oncology ◽

10.1200/jgo.2015.002063 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2 (4) ◽

pp. 222-234 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Jessica M. DiCarlo ◽

Sricharan Gopakumar ◽

Preet K. Dhillon ◽

Suneeta Krishnan

Keyword(s):

Early Detection ◽

Cancer Prevention ◽

Information And Communication Technologies ◽

Cervical Cancer Prevention ◽

Primary Data ◽

Middle Income ◽

Cervical Cancers ◽

Middle Income Countries ◽

Information And Communication ◽

Low And Middle Income

Purpose In response to the growing burden of breast and cervical cancers, low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) are beginning to implement national cancer prevention programs. We reviewed the literature on information and communication technology (ICT) applications in the prevention of breast and cervical cancers in LMICs to examine their potential to enhance cancer prevention efforts. Methods Ten databases of peer-reviewed and gray literature were searched using an automated strategy for English-language articles on the use of mobile health (mHealth) and telemedicine in breast and cervical cancer prevention (screening and early detection) published between 2005 and 2015. Articles that described the rationale for using these ICTs and/or implementation experiences (successes, challenges, and outcomes) were reviewed. Bibliographies of articles that matched the eligibility criteria were reviewed to identify additional relevant references. Results Of the initial 285 citations identified, eight met the inclusion criteria. Of these, four used primary data, two were overviews of ICT applications, and two were commentaries. Articles described the potential for mHealth and telemedicine to address both demand- and supply-side challenges to cancer prevention, such as awareness, access, and cost, in LMICs. However, there was a dearth of evidence to support these hypotheses. Conclusion This review indicates that there are few publications that reflect specifically on the role of mHealth and telemedicine in cancer prevention and even fewer that describe or evaluate interventions. Although articles suggest that mHealth and telemedicine can enhance the implementation and use of cancer prevention interventions, more evidence is needed.

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Adoption of Information and communication technologies for early detection of breast and cervical cancers in low- and middle-income countries

Annals of Global Health ◽

10.1016/j.aogh.2016.04.249 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 82 (3) ◽

pp. 453

Author(s):

J.M. DiCarlo ◽

S. Gopakumar ◽

P.K. Dhillon ◽

S. Krishnan

Keyword(s):

Early Detection ◽

Information And Communication Technologies ◽

Communication Technologies ◽

Middle Income ◽

Cervical Cancers ◽

Middle Income Countries ◽

Information And Communication ◽

Low And Middle Income

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Exploring New Pathways to Gender Equality in Education: Does Information and Communication Technology Matter?

NUST Journal of Social Sciences and Humannities ◽

10.51732/njssh.v1i1.2 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 26-55

Author(s):

Ayesha Qaisrani ◽

Ather Maqsood Ahmed

Keyword(s):

Economic Growth ◽

Gender Equality ◽

Information And Communication Technologies ◽

Adult Population ◽

Generalized Method Of Moments ◽

Middle Income ◽

Middle Income Countries ◽

Promote Gender Equality ◽

Information And Communication ◽

Equality In Education

Through the use of the System Generalized Method of Moments Technique, this study aims to establish links between Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs), gender equality in education and economic growth, for segregated levels of education. The study focuses on the decade of 2000-2010 for the case of Lower Middle Income countries. Through simultaneous solution of the models, it is concluded that ICTs do have some potential to promote gender equality but the relationship is not strong enough, either due to lack of relevant statistical data or due to inefficient integration of ICTs into the society. It is, however, deduced that the strongest factor promoting gender equality is the average schooling of adult population. Furthermore, the study finds out that for lower middle income countries, gender equality at lower levels of education plays an important role in economic growth than gender equality in higher education.

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Success Dimensions of ICTs in Healthcare

Health Care Delivery and Clinical Science ◽

10.4018/978-1-5225-3926-1.ch011 ◽

2017 ◽

pp. 221-246

Author(s):

Pankaj Deep Kaur ◽

Pallavi Sharma

Keyword(s):

Information And Communication Technologies ◽

New Technologies ◽

Clinical Care ◽

Healthcare Services ◽

Global Scale ◽

Healthcare Sector ◽

Preventative Care ◽

Record Keeping ◽

Information And Communication ◽

Cost Efficient

During the last decades, the call for Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) in healthcare has been augmented to endow with healthcare services at a global scale and to trim down medical errors that cost human lives. Enriched with explosive computing and high communicating power, ICTs like Internet, mobile telephony, and other enabled gadgets plays a prominent role in our day-to-day activities. With the potential to provide access to service for patients in difficult-to reach areas and facilitating medical record keeping and information sharing are the main considerations of leveraging ICTs in realm of clinical care. The insurgence of these innovating technologies into healthcare sectors is not only blurring the boundaries for the emergence of other new technologies but also causing a paradigm shift in providing acute and preventative care in public health. The main goal of this chapter is to offer readers an insight into how the emergence of ICTs have transformed healthcare sector by delivering cost-efficient and quality of care to patients.

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Success Dimensions of ICTs in Healthcare

Computational Tools and Techniques for Biomedical Signal Processing - Advances in Bioinformatics and Biomedical Engineering ◽

10.4018/978-1-5225-0660-7.ch007 ◽

2017 ◽

pp. 149-173

Author(s):

Pankaj Deep Kaur ◽

Pallavi Sharma

Keyword(s):

Information And Communication Technologies ◽

New Technologies ◽

Clinical Care ◽

Healthcare Services ◽

Global Scale ◽

Healthcare Sector ◽

Preventative Care ◽

Record Keeping ◽

Information And Communication ◽

Cost Efficient

During the last decades, the call for Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) in healthcare has been augmented to endow with healthcare services at a global scale and to trim down medical errors that cost human lives. Enriched with explosive computing and high communicating power, ICTs like Internet, mobile telephony, and other enabled gadgets plays a prominent role in our day-to-day activities. With the potential to provide access to service for patients in difficult-to reach areas and facilitating medical record keeping and information sharing are the main considerations of leveraging ICTs in realm of clinical care. The insurgence of these innovating technologies into healthcare sectors is not only blurring the boundaries for the emergence of other new technologies but also causing a paradigm shift in providing acute and preventative care in public health. The main goal of this chapter is to offer readers an insight into how the emergence of ICTs have transformed healthcare sector by delivering cost-efficient and quality of care to patients.

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THE IMPACT OF DIGITALIZATION ON EMPLOYMENT TRANSFORMATION IN COUNTRIES WITH DIFFERENT INCOME LEVELS

Financial and credit activity problems of theory and practice ◽

10.18371/fcaptp.v4i39.241311 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 4 (39) ◽

pp. 216-227

Author(s):

N. Pedchenko ◽

S. Tul ◽

O. Shkurupii ◽

T. Deyneka ◽

A. Flehantova

Keyword(s):

Labor Market ◽

Information And Communication Technologies ◽

Low Income ◽

Service Sector ◽

Digital Technologies ◽

High Income ◽

Low Income Countries ◽

Middle Income ◽

Middle Income Countries ◽

Information And Communication

Abstract. It has been substantiated that digitalization is a driver of the transformation of employment in different countries.The degree of formation of the digitalized labor market by groups of countries with different levels of per capita income has been studied. It is proved that the use of digital technologies by the vast majority of companies and the economically active population simplifies the procedure of job creation, giving the opportunity to work via the Internet within the so-called “on-demand economy”. With the high degree of implementation of digital, information and communication technologies, the share of employees in the service sector is growing in the majority of countries. It is stated that the degree of digitalization of the labor market is uneven in the world. The introduction of modern technologies in high-income countries allows the population to fully realize the intellectual and creative potential, finding a job in the most efficient sector of the economy – the high-tech and knowledge-intensive services. Despite the rapid spread of digital technologies and the rapid growth of employment in the service sector in the upper-middle-income countries, the level of digital transformation of the labor market is much lower than in the high-income countries. Nowadays, there is a digital divide between these groups of countries, although, with the effective policies of governments in the upper-middle-income countries, there is a high probability of achievement of indicators of countries that are digital leaders. The trend of gradual digitalization of the services sector is also observed in the lower-middle-income countries. It is noted that the low prevalence of information and communication technologies in low-income countries makes it impossible for the population of these countries to join the global digitalized labor market. A set of measures has been systematized to harmonize the policies of governments of different countries in the field of labor relations, which are being transformed under the influence of global digitalization. Keywords: digital technologies, digitalization, employment, global digitalized labor market, high-income countries, lower-middle-income countries, low-income countries, upper-middle-income countries. JEL Classification F66, J24, J40, О33 Formulas: 5; fig.: 4, table.: 0; bibl.: 26.

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Future Issues in Dissemination and Implementation Research

10.1093/oso/9780190683214.003.0029 ◽

2017 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ross C. Brownson ◽

Graham A. Colditz ◽

Enola K. Proctor

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Health Services ◽

Implementation Research ◽

Clinical Care ◽

Dissemination And Implementation ◽

Public Health Services ◽

Middle Income ◽

Middle Income Countries ◽

Dissemination And Implementation Research ◽

The Many

This chapter highlights just a sample of the many rich areas for dissemination and implementation research that will assist us in shortening the gap between discovery and practice, thus beginning to realize the benefits of research for patients, families, and communities. Greater emphasis on implementation in challenging settings, including lower and middle-income countries and underresourced communities in higher income countries will add to the lessons we must learn to fully reap the benefit of our advances in dissemination and implementation research methods. Moreover, collaboration and multidisciplinary approaches to dissemination and implementation research will help to make efforts more consistent and more effective moving forward. Thus, we will be better able to identify knowledge gaps that need to be addressed in future dissemination and implementation research, ultimately informing the practice and policies of clinical care and public health services.

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