Future Issues in Dissemination and Implementation Research

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ross C. Brownson ◽  
Graham A. Colditz ◽  
Enola K. Proctor
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Implementation Research ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Dissemination And Implementation ◽  
Public Health Services ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Dissemination And Implementation Research ◽  
The Many

This chapter highlights just a sample of the many rich areas for dissemination and implementation research that will assist us in shortening the gap between discovery and practice, thus beginning to realize the benefits of research for patients, families, and communities. Greater emphasis on implementation in challenging settings, including lower and middle-income countries and underresourced communities in higher income countries will add to the lessons we must learn to fully reap the benefit of our advances in dissemination and implementation research methods. Moreover, collaboration and multidisciplinary approaches to dissemination and implementation research will help to make efforts more consistent and more effective moving forward. Thus, we will be better able to identify knowledge gaps that need to be addressed in future dissemination and implementation research, ultimately informing the practice and policies of clinical care and public health services.

Dissemination and Implementation Research in a Global Context

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca Lobb ◽  
Shoba Ramanadhan ◽  
Laura Murray
Keyword(s):  
Implementation Research ◽  
Geographic Distance ◽  
Local Context ◽  
Dissemination And Implementation ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Evidence Based Practices ◽  
Global Context ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Local Problems ◽  
Dissemination And Implementation Research

The value and challenges associated with participatory research are intensified for lower and middle-income countries because of the geographic distance between the primary research team and research setting, the limited resources and infrastructure for health, and the linguistic and cultural diversity of the residents. Dissemination and implementation research is ideally suited to improve health for populations in lower and middle-income countries because the emphasis on local context contributes to building trust between local stakeholders and researchers, and leverages emergent ideas for solutions to local problems. Moreover, the products of dissemination and implementation research include practical information to improve use of evidence-based practices in local settings and generalizable knowledge to advance science.

scholarly journals Enabling change in public health services: Insights from the implementation of nurse mentoring interventions to improve quality of obstetric and newborn care in two North Indian states

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 61
Author(s):  
Sumit Kane ◽  
Prarthna Dayal ◽  
Tanmay Mahapatra ◽  
Sanjiv Kumar ◽  
Shikha Bhasin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Newborn Care ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Improve Quality ◽  
Public Health Services ◽  
Indian States ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Implementing Change

Background: Few studies have explicitly examined the implementation of change interventions in low- and middle-income country (LMIC) public health services. We contribute to implementation science by adding to the knowledge base on strategies for implementing change interventions in large, hierarchical and bureaucratic public services in LMIC health systems. Methods: Using a mix of methods, we critically interrogate the implementation of an intervention to improve quality of obstetric and newborn services across 692 facilities in Uttar Pradesh and Bihar states of India to reveal how to go about making change happen in LMIC public health services. Results: We found that focusing the interventions on a discreet part of the health service (labour rooms) ensured minimal disruption of the status quo and created room for initiating change. Establishing and maintaining respectful, trusting relationships is critical, and it takes time and much effort to cultivate such relationships. Investing in doing so allows one to create a safe space for change; it helps thaw entrenched practices, behaviours and attitudes, thereby creating opportunities for change. Those at the frontline of change processes need to be enabled and supported to: lead by example, model and embody desirable behaviours, be empathetic and humble, and make the change process a positive and meaningful experience for all involved. They need discretionary space to tailor activities to local contexts and need support from higher levels of the organisation to exercise discretion. Conclusions: We conclude that making change happen in LMIC public health services, is possible, and is best approached as a flexible, incremental, localised, learning process. Smaller change interventions targeting discreet parts of the public health services, if appropriately contextualised, can set the stage for incremental system wide changes and improvements to be initiated. To succeed, change initiatives need to cultivate and foster support across all levels of the organisation.

International and Global Health

2019 ◽  
pp. 439-462
Author(s):  
Barry S. Levy
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Structural Adjustment ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Premature Death ◽  
Foreign Assistance ◽  
Social Injustice ◽  
Public Health Services ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Low And Middle Income

Social injustice leads to profoundly increased rates of illness and premature death in low- and middle-income countries related to inadequate public health services and medical care, internal factors such as extreme poverty and unaccountable governments, and external factors such as debt, structural adjustment policies, and trade barriers. This chapter describes the impact of social injustice on public health in low- and middle-income countries, including issues related to endemic and epidemic diseases and health risks associated with poverty, living conditions, occupational health and safety, and violence. It discusses what needs to be done, including promoting approaches that focus on poor people, promoting and protecting human rights, improving healthcare systems, improving education and health literacy, increasing foreign assistance, reducing the import of hazards into these countries, preventing violence, promoting representative government, changing international economic policies, and promoting sustainable development. Text boxes address trafficking in persons, hunger and malnutrition, and the import of hazardous substances from high-income countries to low- and middle-income countries.

scholarly journals A bibliographic review of public health dissemination and implementation research output and citation rates

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 441-443 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luke Wolfenden ◽  
Andrew J. Milat ◽  
Christophe Lecathelinais ◽  
Eliza Skelton ◽  
Tara Clinton-McHarg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Implementation Research ◽  
Research Output ◽  
Dissemination And Implementation ◽  
Dissemination And Implementation Research

scholarly journals Development of the PHAST model: generating standard public health services data and evidence for decision-making

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 428-434 ◽  
Author(s):  
Betty Bekemeier ◽  
Seungeun Park
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Health Department ◽  
Local Health Department ◽  
Dissemination And Implementation ◽  
Local Health ◽  
Public Health Services ◽  
Local Data ◽  
State And Local

Abstract Objective Standardized data regarding the distribution, quality, reach, and variation in public health services provided at the community level and in wide use across states and communities do not exist. This leaves a major gap in our nation’s understanding of the value of prevention activities and, in particular, the contributions of our government public health agencies charged with assuring community health promotion and protection. Public health and community leaders, therefore, are eager for accessible and comparable data regarding preventive services that can inform policy decisions about where to invest resources. Methods We used literature review and a practice-based approach, employing an iterative process to identify factors that facilitate data provision among public health practitioners. Results This paper describes the model, systematically developed by our research team and with input from practice partners, that guides our process toward maximizing the uptake and integration of these standardized measures into state and local data collection systems. Discussion The model we developed, using a dissemination and implementation science framework, is intended to foster greater interest in and accountability for data collection around local health department services and to facilitate spatial exploration and statistical analysis of local health department service distribution, change, and performance. Conclusion Our model is the first of its kind to thoroughly develop a means to guide research and practice in realizing the National Academy of Medicine’s recommendation for developing systems to measure and track state and local public health system contributions to population health.

Terminology for Dissemination and Implementation Research

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Borsika A. Rabin ◽  
Ross C. Brownson
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Implementation Research ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Dissemination And Implementation ◽  
Common Language ◽  
Stakeholder Groups ◽  
The Past ◽  
Dissemination And Implementation Science ◽  
Dissemination And Implementation Research ◽  
Tremendous Amount

In order for a field to prosper and thrive, a common language is essential. As is often the case when many disciplines and numerous organizations converge in development of a field, dissemination and implementation research is still characterized by inconsistent terminology. While the “state-of-the-art” might still not be advanced enough to resolve all of the existing inconsistencies in terminology, this chapter represents the tremendous amount of development that happened over the past 5 years to create platforms and approaches for a more consistent, agreed upon language for dissemination and implementation research across topic areas, stakeholder groups, and geographical areas. As the dissemination and implementation field makes progress toward a shared terminology, we can expect to see higher quality dissemination and implementation research and greater contribution of dissemination and implementation science to improving public health and clinical practice.

scholarly journals Increasing Knowledge Translation Capacity in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Model for Implementation Research Training

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J. Penkunas ◽  
Evangelia Berdou ◽  
Shiau Y. Chong ◽  
Pascal Launois ◽  
Emma L. M. Rhule ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Knowledge Translation ◽  
Implementation Research ◽  
Research Training ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Modified Delphi ◽  
Health Expert ◽  
Low And Middle Income

Most health professionals lack the training and expertise to translate clinical innovations into actionable programs. Even though some public health expert communities understand that even widely proven solutions need to be adapted to the demands and characteristics of diverse health systems and societies to be successful, such knowledge has yet to inform routine public health approaches and practices. Therefore, it should not be a surprise that the “know-do” gap between clinical innovations and their on-the-ground application that implementation research seeks to bridge is pervasive and enduring, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. This article draws on a study of implementation research training courses to highlight the various competencies needed to translate different types of knowledge into action, many of which are not adequately addressed in existing curricula. We utilized a four-phase modified Delphi methodology that included a review of the academic and grey literature, one-on-one interviews with experts, virtual dialogue series with key stakeholders, and peer review of the synthesized results. The resulting areas in need of further development include the ability of learners to work as part of a multidisciplinary team, engage various stakeholders, and communicate research findings to decision-makers. Based on these insights, it is argued that knowledge translation in implementation research is a multi-faceted, multi-level sensemaking and communication activity that takes place throughout the research and research-to policy-processes.

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