Alternative, Environmentally Acceptable Materials in Road Construction

2015 ◽  
pp. 318-348
Author(s):  
Sanja Dimter ◽  
Tatjana Rukavina ◽  
Ivana Barišić
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
Environmental Conservation ◽  
Waste Materials ◽  
Construction Costs ◽  
Alternative Materials ◽  
Economic Perspectives ◽  
By Products

Environmental conservation and energy savings, as the fundamental assumptions for sustainable development, and financial savings are possible through the use of new, non-standard materials and technologies in the building and maintenance of roads. Different types of waste materials and industrial by-products may be used in road construction as an alternative to standard materials. In order to be applicable, alternative materials must meet certain engineering characteristics, show an acceptable level of execution, and be economical in comparison with traditional materials. The reasons for the use of alternative materials are many and largely outweigh the possible shortcomings. The use of alternative materials is significant from both the ecological and economic perspectives. Ecologically, the use of alternative materials means a lesser need for the exploitation of natural resources and the quantity of waste accumulated in landfills is reduced. Economically, the use of alternative materials reduces total construction costs. This chapter explores the use of alternative materials.

scholarly journals Alternative, Environmentally Acceptable Materials in Road Construction

2016 ◽  
pp. 1488-1516
Author(s):  
Sanja Dimter ◽  
Tatjana Rukavina ◽  
Ivana Barišić
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
Environmental Conservation ◽  
Waste Materials ◽  
Construction Costs ◽  
Alternative Materials ◽  
Economic Perspectives ◽  
By Products

Environmental conservation and energy savings, as the fundamental assumptions for sustainable development, and financial savings are possible through the use of new, non-standard materials and technologies in the building and maintenance of roads. Different types of waste materials and industrial by-products may be used in road construction as an alternative to standard materials. In order to be applicable, alternative materials must meet certain engineering characteristics, show an acceptable level of execution, and be economical in comparison with traditional materials. The reasons for the use of alternative materials are many and largely outweigh the possible shortcomings. The use of alternative materials is significant from both the ecological and economic perspectives. Ecologically, the use of alternative materials means a lesser need for the exploitation of natural resources and the quantity of waste accumulated in landfills is reduced. Economically, the use of alternative materials reduces total construction costs. This chapter explores the use of alternative materials.

scholarly journals Circular Economy: Tendencies and Development Perspectives

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (2) ◽  
pp. 33-42
Author(s):  
Tatjana T. Tambovceva ◽  
Leonid Hr. Melnyk ◽  
Iryna B. Dehtyarova ◽  
Stanislav O. Nikolaev
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Circular Economy ◽  
Sustainable Development Goals ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Renewable Materials ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
By Products ◽  
New Jobs

The research represents the analysis of the circular economy and its essential characteristics of circular economy in the modern world. The circular economy makes it possible to "detach" the country's GDP growth from the consumption of natural resources and environmental pollution. It explains how the circular economy should stimulate sustainable development and inclusion in the system of Sustainable Development Goals. The research presents how the circular economy can ensure labor productivity, efficient environmental and energy conservation, and the creation of new jobs. It analyzes principles and tools of the circular economy. This research shows how economies should move from the current linear take, make, use, dispose practice to reuse and longer product life. It shows how current business models change and what principles are used to develop a circular economy. It examines the circular approaches based on the 3-R principle: Reduce: reduce resource use and prioritize renewable materials; Reuse: make the most of the products; Recycle: recover by-products and waste for further use in the economy. The research shows how seven key tools of the circular economy may be applied. It reveals the international experience in implementing the circular economy principles. The research describes the benefits that the transition to a circular economy brings. It analyses major circular economy barriers, such as financial, social, and technical. The research distinguishes the benefits of a circular economy. They include a decrease in costs, a cleaner and safer environment, sensitive use of natural resources, new job creation, reducing dependence on imports. This research presents the examples of Norrköping Industrial Symbiosis Network in Sweden, Latvia’s circularity business models.

scholarly journals THE PROBLEM OF DEFINING STAKEHOLDERS IN A SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOAL CONTEXT, EXAMINED VIA THE ANALYSIS OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONSERVATION PROJECTS.

2021 ◽  
pp. 41-74
Author(s):  
Elena Bulmer
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Stakeholder Analysis ◽  
Empirical Work ◽  
Marine Conservation ◽  
Environmental Conservation ◽  
Sustainable Development Goal ◽  
Development Goal ◽  
Conservation Projects ◽  
Management Approaches

There has been to date only limited consideration within the project management discipline of nonhuman actors as primordial stakeholders in projects. However, the inclusion of the roles of nonhuman actors is essential, when we consider that many projects in many areas, both within and outside the field of environmental conservation itself, such as for example in the fields of business and management, depend on natural resources for the development of their products. Despite this, natural resources tend to be overlooked in the stakeholder maps of projects in this wider context.   Environmental Conservation projects are themselves especially interesting to study with regards to their stakeholder context and have been used as the experimental setting for the empirical work of this study. The primordial stakeholders of these projects are not social objects and therefore go beyond what are currently generally regarded as the limits of stakeholder theory. The study that has been used to analyse this concept is a marine conservation project based in Spain, whose primordial actor is not human. Unfortunately, these stakeholders being non-human are therefore not able to express themselves, and therefore are rarely purposely included in stakeholder analysis and management approaches, thus limiting comprehensive stakeholder mapping analyses ab initio, and handicapping realistic consideration of nonhuman actors. This study may be extrapolated and applied to the United Nation´s Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 17, “Partnership for the goals”, with reference to SDG 14, which deals with marine conservation.

scholarly journals Environmental Education to Mitigate Environmental Decay and Promote Sustainable Development

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 67
Author(s):  
Tonia Grace Ganta K. Vijaya Rachel SatyaRaoUppuleti
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Environmental Problems ◽  
Environmental Conservation ◽  
Research Articles ◽  
Safe Drinking Water ◽  
Clean Air ◽  
Over Exploitation

At Present our Planet is grappling with disastrous consequences of man-made environmental problems such as industrialization, urbanization, over-exploitation of natural resources, disruption of natural ecological balances, destruction of a multitude of animal and plant species for economic reasons, etc. It is observed that most of our environmental problems are manifestations of our developmental activities. Although there is no dearth of legislations on environmental protection in India, it is clearly evident that the enforcement of these legislations has been far from satisfactory. The present study tries to establish education as a useful tool for environmental conservation and sustainable development, ensuring clean air to breathe, safe drinking water and adequate supplies of clean renewable energy. This paper is mostly based on secondary data from books, research articles, periodicals and websites. It discusses the role of teacher and school in the protection of environment and promotion of sustainable development by bringing awareness on the efficient and responsible usage of the natural resources namely air, water, land, soil, forests, rivers, oceans etc. It tries to expound the ways and means to sensitize students and make them environment conscious in order to build a vibrant, healthy and pollution free India as future citizens.

scholarly journals Sustainable Transformative Economy: Community-Based Ecotourism

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (18) ◽  
pp. 4977 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marin Kim ◽  
Yi Xie ◽  
Giuseppe T. Cirella
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Environmental Conservation ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Secondary Source ◽  
Remote Communities ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
Economic Perspectives

Ecotourism has a high potential impact on remote communities, by improving economic opportunity and natural resources conservation, and is increasingly accepted as an alternative livelihood for rural people. This study examines ecotourism development from the perspective of participation and economic impact for the Bousra people in Cambodia. A total of 237 households were selected as the sample size. Data collection was carried out with face-to-face interviews and analyzed using logistic regression and ordinary least square methods. Results revealed that local households depend mostly on agriculture (i.e., crop plantation and farming) and utilize ecotourism as a secondary source of income. Most households acknowledged ecotourism had a positive impact on environmental, social, and economic perspectives, while some signaled negative backlash due to depleted natural resources and impact on local culture. Household participation in ecotourism was not significantly affected from assistance issued by government or non-governmental organizations. However, causal relationships were found based on household demographic factors, attitude to environmental conservation, and village life. It was shown that the percentage of people involvement in ecotourism is high, but their income percentage is low due to education, skill, and capacity to expand. As a low-impact alternative to standard commercial tourism, community-based ecotourism has potential in becoming a transformative form of economics for local communities.

Analyzing the Strength of Concrete Blocks Reinforced by Half Portion of Coconut Shell

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (VI) ◽  
pp. 1684-1687
Author(s):  
S. P. Khedekar
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Construction Material ◽  
Bottom Ash ◽  
Crumb Rubber ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Recycled Aggregates ◽  
Waste Materials ◽  
Total Production ◽  
The World ◽  
By Products

Concrete is the premier construction material around the world and is most widely used in all types of construction works, including infrastructure, low and high-rise buildings, and domestic developments. It is a man-made product, essentially consisting of a mixture of cement, aggregates, water and admixture(s). Inert granular materials such as sand, crushed stone or gravel form the major part of the aggregates. Traditionally aggregates have been readily available at economic prices and of qualities to suit all purposes. But the continued extensive extraction use of aggregates from natural resources has been questioned because of the depletion of quality primary aggregates and greater awareness of environmental protection. In light of this, the non-availability of natural resources to future generations has also been realized. Different alternative waste materials and industrial by products such as fly ash, bottom ash, recycled aggregates, foundry sand, China clay sand, crumb rubber, glass were replaced with natural aggregate and investigated properties of the concretes. Apart from above mentioned waste materials and industrial by products, few studies identified that coconut shells, the agricultural by product can also be used as aggregate in concrete. According to a report, coconut is grown in more than 86 countries worldwide, with a total production of 54 billion nuts per annum. India occupies the premier position in the world with an annual production of 13 billion nuts, followed by Indonesia and the Philippines.

scholarly journals Making Virtue Out of Necessity: Managing the Citrus Waste Supply Chain for Bioeconomy Applications

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Raimondo ◽  
Francesco Caracciolo ◽  
Luigi Cembalo ◽  
Gaetano Chinnici ◽  
Biagio Pecorino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Supply Chain ◽  
Waste Management ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Waste Materials ◽  
Current Management ◽  
South Italy ◽  
Citrus Waste ◽  
By Products ◽  
Value Added Products

Efficient use of agricultural wastes and by-products, basically transforming waste materials into value added products, is considered as pivotal for an effective bioeconomy strategy for the rural development. To this scope, citrus waste management represents a major issue for citrus processors but, at the same time, it embodies a potentially unexploited resource for the rural sustainable development. This study focuses on analyzing the current management of citrus waste in South Italy and identifying the determinants and barriers that may affect an entrepreneur’s choice on the destination of citrus waste. Citrus processors’ preferences about the contract characteristics needed to take part in a co-investment scheme have been investigated. Both analyses are preliminary steps to design an innovative and sustainable citrus by-product supply chain. Results show that the distance between the citrus processors and the citrus by-products plant is one of the main criteria for choosing alternative valorization pathways. Moreover, the required guaranteed capital, the short duration of the contract, and low risk are contract scheme characteristics that improve entrepreneurs’ willingness to co-invest in the development of a citrus waste multifunctional plant.

TANTANGAN PEMBANGUNAN BERKELANJUTAN DI ERA OTONOMI DAERAH

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lestario Widodo
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Regional Autonomy

Regional outonomy that is meant as right, authority and obligatory of the district (kabupaten/kota) to regulateand manage their own governance and community’s interests gave pressure impacts to the environmentalsustainability since its implementation in 2001. The spirit to utilize natural resources from the districtarea tend to explore the environment irresponsibly which resulted in degradation of the environmentalsustainability. The district policies had often not been assessed in detail before implementation especiallytheir impacts to the environment. This caused the regional autonomy went into a different direction,therefore it needs an improvement in the level of program determination, policy and regulation applied, sothat the spirit to conduct decentralised governance will be kept on the rules of sustainable developmentwhich is environmentally friendly.Key words : Sustainable Development, Regional Autonomy

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