Personality Traits and Cognitive Biases

2018 ◽  
pp. 133-163
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Cognitive Style ◽  
Big Five ◽  
Cognitive Biases ◽  
The Other ◽  
Personality Theory ◽  
Strong Impact ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The Relationship

Personality plays an important role in determining one's cognitive style, having a strong impact on the decision making of each person. Personality is a set of traits and qualities that form how somebody is, and it distinguishes us from others. At present, the most widely accepted personality theory is the big five factor, where personality is divided into five large traits: openness, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, and neuroticism. These traits are independent of each other. On the other hand, several personality traits have been more strongly associated with psychopathology. Therefore, personality traits would be related to the production of several cognitive biases in all people because personality influences our own beliefs, and these can guide us to display certain types of biases. This chapter delves into the relationship between personality traits (especially openness, neuroticism, extroversion, and schizotypy) and cognitive biases.

Relationship between novice versus experienced EFL teacher’s Big Five personality traits and their ambiguity tolerance and risk taking

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 342-351
Author(s):  
Omid Rezaei ◽  
Mehrdad Vasheghani Farahani ◽  
Fatemeh Musaei Sejzehei
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Big Five ◽  
Risk Taking ◽  
Big Five Personality Traits ◽  
The Other ◽  
Big Five Personality ◽  
Ambiguity Tolerance ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the possible relationship between novice vs experienced EFLs teachers’ Big Five personality traits, ambiguity tolerance and risk taking. To this purpose, 30 teachers of TEFL courses were randomly selected, and three instruments of NEO Five-Factor Inventory, Ambiguity Tolerance Scale and Risk-taking Propensity Measure were employed to measure their Big Five personality traits, their ambiguity tolerance and risk taking, respectively. Design/methodology/approach The study was a quantitative ex post facto study. The first phase of the study was to investigate the relationship among variables of the study. On the other hand, the second phase of the study examined the impact of experience of teachers on their risk taking and ambiguity tolerance. Findings The results showed that the more experienced the teachers are, the less risk they take and the more ambiguity tolerant they are. On the other hand, the less experienced the teachers are, the more risk they will take and the less they can tolerate ambiguity. The findings of this research can have useful implications for teacher training programs as well as teaching practices. Originality/value This study can add to the circle of knowledge and enhance theoretical assumptions of the field. Moreover, considering the Iranian context, a few studies have focused on the importance of uncovering relationship between five big personality traits and teachers’ personality factors. Therefore, this study is an attempt to investigate the relationship between the Big Five personality traits of teachers and their ambiguity tolerance and risk taking.

Discussion 5A

1997 ◽  
Vol 8 (S3) ◽  
pp. 423-424
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
The Other ◽  
Recall Bias ◽  
Aggressive Behaviors ◽  
Behavioral Disturbances ◽  
Premorbid Personality ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The Relationship

Several investigators have examined the relationship between a patient's premorbid personality and behavioral disturbances of dementia. Dr. Swearer described a study in which she examined whether premorbid personality was a predictor of disordered behaviors in dementia. Specifically, she considered whether premorbid aggression predicted subsequent aggressive behaviors, whether premorbid suspiciousness predicted disordered ideation, and whether premorbid restlessness predicted hyperkinesia. She found a relationship only between premorbid aggression and subsequent dementia-related aggressive behaviors. However, this finding appeared to be due to recall bias of caregivers of patients who were aggressive at the time of evaluation. This suggests that premorbid personality traits do not predispose to subsequent behavioral disturbances in dementia. On the other hand, in retrospective analyses, Drs. Whitehouse and Strauss and colleagues have found that premorbid personality predicts subsequent psychopathology.

scholarly journals Teologia e racionalidade moderna

2018 ◽  
Vol 77 (307) ◽  
pp. 598
Author(s):  
Mário De França Miranda
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Strong Impact ◽  
Philosophical Thought ◽  
Hermeneutic Philosophy ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Adequate Understanding ◽  
Science Of Religion ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Theology And Philosophy

Síntese: O texto aborda as relações entre a teologia e a filosofia. Começa esclarecendo a teologia como uma compreensão que parte da fé e o que esta última fornece à inteligência humana para uma captação adequada do dado revelado. Em seguida, o texto justifica a importância da filosofia para a própria teologia, embora a fé tenha influído e continue estimulando o pensar filosófico com suas questões. Por outro lado, a filosofia da subjetividade ou a filosofia hermenêutica, bem como a fenomenologia tiveram forte impacto na teologia. Em sua última parte, de modo breve, nossa reflexão aborda o relacionamento da teologia com as ciências da religião.Palavras-chave: Teologia. Filosofia. Fé. Racionalidade. Ciências da religião.Abstract: The text deals with the relationship between theology and philosophy. It begins by explaining theology as an understanding that comes from faith and from that with which the latter provides human intelligent for an adequate understanding of the revealed datum. Next, the text justifies the importance of philosophy for theology itself, although faith might have influenced and continues to stimulate the philosophical thought with its questions. On the other hand, the philosophy of subjectivity or hermeneutic philosophy, as well as phenomenology had a strong impact on theology. In its last part and in a brief way, our reflexion deals with the relationship between theology and the sciences of religion.Keywords: Theology. Philosophy. Faith. Rationality. Science of Religion.

Understanding the Link between Consumer Decision Making Style and Perceived Risk in Online Business

2011 ◽  
Vol 204-210 ◽  
pp. 1082-1085
Author(s):  
Wei Wei Yu ◽  
Kun Feng Fu ◽  
Gao Fang Cao ◽  
Ji Hong Li ◽  
Bin Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Online Shopping ◽  
The Other ◽  
Consumer Decision Making ◽  
Consumer Decision ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Online Business ◽  
The Relationship

online shopping is becoming more and more common in our daily lives. There are many studies in this field, in which perceived risk is proved to be a very important factor when people considering online business. But the relationship between perceived risk and consumer decision making style has not been studied yet. We use SEM to find out the link between perceived risk and consumer decision making style. As a result, we found fashion and brand style can reduce perceived risk, on the other hand perfect and customary style can increase perceived risk.

scholarly journals Do gender and personality traits (BFI-10) influence trust? A replication

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
František Sudzina
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Big Five ◽  
The Other ◽  
Likert Scales ◽  
Big Five Inventory ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Relationship

Trust as a concept found its way to business literature and it became a widely-used variable. Societal trust is systematically measured since 1960s. Later, it was discovered that two statements, which were used as opposite ends of dichotomous questions, are not truly opposite. The aim of this article is to investigate if gender and personality traits influence rating of these two statement. And if so, if it is possible to account for these factors and to create a robust trust indicator from these two statements after all. Big Five Inventory-10 is used to measure personality traits. Findings are that one measure of trust is significantly influenced by agreeableness, while the other is possibly influenced by neuroticism but the relationship is only borderline significant. With regards to the second goal, it is not possible to create a single trust indicator with reasonable properties even with adding personality traits into the equation. This article is a replication of a previous study. This study uses 1-5 Likert scales while the previous used 1-7 Likert scales, while all the questions/statements stayed the same. The difference is that both measures (not only the first measure) of trust were significantly influenced by agreeableness, while neuroticism had a borderline significant impact on the first, not the second measure of trust.

Note on Successive Dimensional Analysis Applied to Affective, Cognitive, and Personality Traits

1963 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 813-814 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harriett A. Podell
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Dimensional Analysis ◽  
The Other ◽  
General Tendency ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The One ◽  
The Relationship

Empirical effects of successive cluster analysis were investigated in a study of the relationship between expressed affectivity and other personality traits. On the one hand, some changes occurred in the dimensions of successive analyses, and on the other hand, some dimensions persisted, e.g., general tendency to express affectivity, specific tendency to express affectivity, neuroticism, masochism, etc.

scholarly journals How helpful are you to me? The relationship between the dark triad and appraisal of help in prosocial situations

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arathy Puthillam ◽  
Hansika Kapoor
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Dark Triad ◽  
The Other ◽  
Social Situations ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The Relationship

The dark triad is associated with maladaptive interactions in their social and interpersonal relationships. Those with high levels of dark personality traits are also assumed to be defectors in social situations. However, it is unclear whether they are able to assess when others are being helpful to them. The present study aimed at understanding whether these individuals are able to perceive help from others, when provided with situations that differentially benefit them. In a multinational sample from over 40 countries (N = 679), we found that in a situation where others are not very helpful, those with high levels of psychopathy and Machiavellianism uniquely assess others as helpful. On the other hand, in a situation where others are helpful, those with high psychopathy assess others as helpful; Machiavellianism and narcissism did not have a link with appraising helpfulness. Implications are discussed.

Individual Differences in Students' Preferences for Lecturers' Personalities

2005 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 176-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrian Furnham ◽  
Tomas Chamorro-Premuzic
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Big Five ◽  
Student Ratings ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Personality Profile ◽  
Similarity Effect ◽  
Intelligence Scores ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract. This study examines the relationship between students' personality and intelligence scores with their preferences for the personality profile of their lecturers. Student ratings (N = 136) of 30 lecturer trait characteristics were coded into an internally reliable Big Five taxonomy ( Costa & McCrae, 1992 ). Descriptive statistics showed that, overall, students tended to prefer conscientious, open, and stable lecturers, though correlations revealed that these preferences were largely a function of students' own personality traits. Thus, open students preferred open lecturers, while agreeable students preferred agreeable lecturers. There was evidence of a similarity effect for both Agreeableness and Openness. In addition, less intelligent students were more likely to prefer agreeable lecturers than their more intelligent counterparts were. A series of regressions showed that individual differences are particularly good predictors of preferences for agreeable lecturers, and modest, albeit significant, predictors of preferences for open and neurotic lecturers. Educational and vocational implications are considered.

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