Need for Rethinking Modern Urban Planning Strategies Through Integration of ICTs

2019 ◽  
pp. 577-590
Author(s):  
Rounaq Basu ◽  
Arnab Jana
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Citizen Participation ◽  
Open Innovation ◽  
Minimum Cost ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Planning Strategies ◽  
Urban Problems ◽  
Societal Problems ◽  
Geocoded Data ◽  
Modern Technologies

Recent progress in ICTs have paved the way for innovative services and interactive models and tools. Citizen participation and open innovation have become essential tools for urban planners. These concepts can be implemented through the crowdsourcing model, which is a people-centric approach to solve societal problems using Web 2.0 technologies. This has led to the collection and sharing of geocoded data through GIS. The large amount of data required is one of the drawbacks of GIS. However, collecting such data within short duration at minimum cost has now become possible through the development of web-based surveys coupled with use of DBMS. The effectiveness and importance of these three tools (crowdsourcing, GIS, and DBMS) in modern and future urban planning strategies cannot be undermined. In conclusion, the authors argue that integration of urban policies, modern technologies, and fundamental concepts of engineering will lead to discovery of new solutions to important age-old urban problems.

Need for Rethinking Modern Urban Planning Strategies Through Integration of ICTs

2018 ◽  
pp. 7843-7855
Author(s):  
Rounaq Basu ◽  
Arnab Jana
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Citizen Participation ◽  
Open Innovation ◽  
Minimum Cost ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Planning Strategies ◽  
Urban Problems ◽  
Societal Problems ◽  
Geocoded Data ◽  
Modern Technologies

Recent progresses in ICTs have paved the way for innovative services, and interactive models and tools. Citizen participation and open innovation have become essential tools for urban planners. These concepts can be implemented through the crowdsourcing model, which is a people-centric approach to solve societal problems using Web 2.0 technologies. This has led to the collection and sharing of geocoded data through GIS. The large amount of data required is one of the drawbacks of GIS. However, collecting such data within short durations at minimum cost has now become possible through development of web-based surveys coupled with use of DBMS. The effectiveness and importance of these three tools (Crowdsourcing, GIS, and DBMS) in modern and future urban planning strategies cannot be undermined. In conclusion, the authors argue that integration of urban policies, modern technologies and fundamental concepts of engineering will lead to discovery of new solutions to important age-old urban problems.

scholarly journals Between Consultation and Collaboration: Self-Reported Objectives for 25 Web-Based Geoparticipation Projects in Urban Planning

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 783
Author(s):  
Ian Babelon ◽  
Jiří Pánek ◽  
Enzo Falco ◽  
Reinout Kleinhans ◽  
James Charlton
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Citizen Participation ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Web Based ◽  
The Public ◽  
Planning Processes ◽  
Cross Country ◽  
Survey Responses

Web-based participatory mapping technologies are being increasingly harnessed by local governments to crowdsource local knowledge and engage the public in urban planning policies as a means of increasing the transparency and legitimacy of planning processes and decisions. We refer to these technologies as “geoparticipation”. Current innovations are outpacing research into the use of geoparticipation in participatory planning practices. To address this knowledge gap, this paper investigates the objectives of web-based geoparticipation and uses empirical evidence from online survey responses related to 25 urban planning projects in nine countries across three continents (Europe, North America, and Australia). The survey adopts the objectives of the Spectrum for Public Participation that range from information empowerment, with each category specifying promises about how public input is expected to influence decision-making (IAP2, 2018). Our findings show that geoparticipation can leverage a ‘middle-ground’ of citizen participation by facilitating involvement alongside consultation and/or collaboration. This paper constitutes a pilot study as a step toward more robust and replicable empirical studies for cross-country comparisons. Empowerment (or citizen control) is not yet a normative goal or outcome for web-based geoparticipation. Our evidence also suggests that information is pursued alongside other objectives for citizen participation, and therefore functions not as a “low-hanging fruit” as portrayed in the literature, but rather as a core component of higher intensities of participation.

scholarly journals The Transformative Power of Social Innovation in Urban Planning and Local Development

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Torill Nyseth ◽  
Abdelillah Hamdouch
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Citizen Participation ◽  
Social Innovation ◽  
Local Development ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
Transformative Power ◽  
Creative Cities ◽  
Urban Problems

This issue discusses the concept of social innovation (SI) as a potentially transformative factor in urban planning and local development. SI represents an alternative to economic and technology-oriented approaches to urban development, such as that of ‘smart cities’, ‘creative cities’, etc. This is thanks to the emphasis SI puts on human agency and the empowerment of local communities and citizens to be actively involved in transforming their urban environments. Urban planning could benefit greatly from devoting more attention to SI when addressing the diverse urban problems of today, such as social exclusion, urban segregation, citizen participation and integration, or environmental protection, many of them addressed in the articles gathered in this volume.

Citizen Participation, Open Innovation, and Crowdsourcing

2012 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ethan Seltzer ◽  
Dillon Mahmoudi
Keyword(s):  
Citizen Participation ◽  
Open Innovation

Excluded communities and participatory land-use planning: experience from informal Roma settlements in Serbia

2021 ◽  
pp. 095624782110240
Author(s):  
Zlata Vuksanović-Macura ◽  
Igor Miščević
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Urban Planning ◽  
Capacity Building ◽  
Citizen Participation ◽  
Land Use Planning ◽  
Planning Process ◽  
Participatory Approach ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Active Involvement

Citizen participation in the planning and decision-making process in the European post-socialist context is much debated. Still, the involvement of excluded communities in the urban planning process remains understudied. This paper presents and discusses the application of an innovative participatory approach designed to ensure active involvement of an excluded ethnic minority, the Roma community, in the process of formulating and adopting land-use plans for informal settlements in Serbia. By analysing the development of land-use plans in 11 municipalities, we observe that the applied participatory approach enhanced the inhabitants’ active participation and helped build consensus on the planned solution between the key actors. Findings also suggested that further work with citizens, capacity building of planners and administration, and secured financial mechanisms are needed to move citizen participation in urban planning beyond the limited statutory requirements.

The role of web-based environmental information in urban planning—the environmental information system for planners

2006 ◽  
Vol 360 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 233-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.G. Culshaw ◽  
C.P. Nathanail ◽  
G.J.L. Leeks ◽  
S. Alker ◽  
D. Bridge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Urban Planning ◽  
Environmental Information ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Environmental Information System

scholarly journals Challenges and Solutions for Organizational Design in Urban Digitalization

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 615
Author(s):  
Máté Szilárd Csukás ◽  
Viktor Bukovszki ◽  
András Reith
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Focus Groups ◽  
Open Innovation ◽  
Smart City ◽  
Organizational Design ◽  
Organizational Structures ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Organizational Models ◽  
Practice Based Research ◽  
Final Design

Digitalization in cities – often branded as smart city (SC) transition – carry the potential for highly inclusive, evidence-based decision making in urban planning, responding to the increasing pressures cities face. However, investments have thus far been slower to deliver the expected impacts. Thus, the attention of the discourse is turning towards organizational structures addressing complexity, scalability, and procedural challenges of SC transition. Given such turn has regime-challenging implications, there is a need for practice-based research in the niches of SC transition, supporting policymaking inductively. This study outlines the barriers inherent in conventional organizational models (public sector, private-supplier, and academic-professional) to SC transition, and makes a case for alternative models. The barriers are retrieved through an extensive literature review, and a series of focus groups with key stakeholders involved in SC transition, and processed as a design problem for a new organizational model. The final design is a nested platform model based on open innovation and a lean approach to urban planning. The paper concludes with a proof of concept to overcome organizational barriers, validated by the stakeholder focus groups. Keywords: urban planning, platform, open innovation, assessment, smart city, organizational models

scholarly journals New Challenges for a Collaborative Urban Planning: Digital Platform for Promoting Relationship Between Local Administration and Citizens in the City of Malaga

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 116
Author(s):  
Francisco Jose Chamizo Nieto ◽  
Nuria Nebot Gomez De Salazar ◽  
Carlos J. Rosa-Jimenez
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Citizen Participation ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Social Activism ◽  
Geographic Location ◽  
Digital Tool ◽  
Digital Platform ◽  
The One ◽  
Conventional Systems ◽  
The City

The most conventional systems in the Urban Planning practice leave out needs and real social demands through inefficient management models in many cases. Nowadays there is a social, professional and institutional demand to transform these models into new ways of thinking and planning the city that are closer to its inhabitants. In fact, there is a high social involvement of people that are helping or developing activities in favour of their local communities. However, this social activism is not visible nor recognised as the one made by regulated associations. Undoubtedly, the use of new technologies offers a framework of opportunity in these new ways of ”making the city”, as well as it becomes a new area of work and research.In this sense, there are many experiences that incorporate technology as a resource to promote citizen participation in the management of cities. However, only some of them are effective and achieve the goal of becoming a useful tool for citizens. In the city of Malaga, there are already some digital tools at the service of citizenship, although these require a process of revision and updating that allows optimizing existing resources and increasing their impact as a participation tool. As a first step, it is necessary to identify the agents and social initiatives of existing participation in the city.The objective of this project is to create an interactive digital platform that shows the city of Malaga from a real social perspective, as it makes visible and map the emerging non regulated movements, neighbourhood initiatives and new urban trends with low visibility. Finally, the aim is to create a tool for collectives, associations, administrations and other urban agents to promote synergies and relationships among all of them. The incorporation of all of them is essential for the success of the platform as a participation tool. For this, a methodology of actions is established, and it begins with the identification of possible agents and the way of interaction with each one of them. The digital tool that is used is based on the use of geographic location systems.This article collects the results of the first phase of the research project that includes a methodological proposal for mapping the real social activist reality in cities and a functional test of the digital platform created for this. Likewise, an evaluation of the experience and possible improvements to be incorporated in the successive phases of the project is advanced

scholarly journals Participatory Urban Planning: What Would Make Planners Trust the Citizens?

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 84-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joachim Åström
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Citizen Participation ◽  
Final Section ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Institutional Factors ◽  
Trust Building ◽  
Public Officials ◽  
Public Managers ◽  
General Weakness

Based on the critical stance of citizens towards urban planning, growing attention has been directed towards new forms of citizen participation. A key expectation is that advanced digital technologies will reconnect citizens and decision makers and enhance trust in planning. However, empirical evidence suggests participation by itself does not foster trust, and many scholars refer to a general weakness of these initiatives to deliver the expected outcomes. Considering that trust is reciprocal, this article will switch focus and concentrate on planners’ attitudes towards citizens. Do urban planners generally think that citizens are trustworthy? Even though studies show that public officials are more trusting than people in general, it is possible that they do not trust citizens when interacting with government. However, empirical evidence is scarce. While there is plenty of research on citizens’ trust in government, public officials trust in citizens has received little scholarly attention. To address this gap, we will draw on a survey targeted to a representative sample of public managers in Swedish local government (N = 1430). First, urban planners will be compared with other public officials when it comes to their level of trust toward citizens’ ability, integrity and benevolence. In order to understand variations in trust, a set of institutional factors will thereafter be tested, along with more commonly used individual factors. In light of the empirical findings, the final section of the article returns to the idea of e-participation as a trust-building strategy. What would make planners trust the citizens in participatory urban planning?

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