Understanding Bystanders' Willingness to Intervene in Traditional and Cyberbullying Scenarios

2019 ◽  
pp. 1345-1364
Author(s):  
Justine A. Walker ◽  
Debora Jeske
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Group Size ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Helping Behavior ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Male Victims ◽  
Female Victims ◽  
Willingness To Intervene ◽  
Verbal Bullying ◽  
And Gender

Bullying incidents in traditional and online settings are a cause for concern to many parties. The goal of the current study was to explore the extent to which a bystander would intervene in a bullying incident and the degree to which this behavior is influenced by group size (the number of other witnesses), the setting (traditional or cyberbullying), and gender of the victim. Using an online survey method, participants were presented with eight bullying scenarios, each of which involved verbal bullying of a victim. Participants (N = 82) were asked to report how likely they would be to intervene in each of these scenarios. Results showed that female victims were more likely to be helped than male victims. Furthermore, female participants were more willing to intervene than the male participants in the cyberbullying scenarios. Altruism was a positive predictor of participants' willingness to intervene. The present findings suggest that certain gender differences in helping behavior may depend on the context in which bullying is observed (traditional or cyberbullying).

Understanding Bystanders' Willingness to Intervene in Traditional and Cyberbullying Scenarios

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 22-38
Author(s):  
Justine A. Walker ◽  
Debora Jeske
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Group Size ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Helping Behavior ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Male Victims ◽  
Female Victims ◽  
Willingness To Intervene ◽  
Verbal Bullying ◽  
And Gender

Bullying incidents in traditional and online settings are a cause for concern to many parties. The goal of the current study was to explore the extent to which a bystander would intervene in a bullying incident and the degree to which this behavior is influenced by group size (the number of other witnesses), the setting (traditional or cyberbullying), and gender of the victim. Using an online survey method, participants were presented with eight bullying scenarios, each of which involved verbal bullying of a victim. Participants (N = 82) were asked to report how likely they would be to intervene in each of these scenarios. Results showed that female victims were more likely to be helped than male victims. Furthermore, female participants were more willing to intervene than the male participants in the cyberbullying scenarios. Altruism was a positive predictor of participants' willingness to intervene. The present findings suggest that certain gender differences in helping behavior may depend on the context in which bullying is observed (traditional or cyberbullying).

Understanding Bystanders' Willingness to Intervene in Traditional and Cyberbullying Scenarios

2016 ◽  
pp. 114-133
Author(s):  
Justine A. Walker ◽  
Debora Jeske
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Group Size ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Helping Behavior ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Male Victims ◽  
Female Victims ◽  
Willingness To Intervene ◽  
Verbal Bullying ◽  
And Gender

Bullying incidents in traditional and online settings are a cause for concern to many parties. The goal of the current study was to explore the extent to which a bystander would intervene in a bullying incident and the degree to which this behavior is influenced by group size (the number of other witnesses), the setting (traditional or cyberbullying), and gender of the victim. Using an online survey method, participants were presented with eight bullying scenarios, each of which involved verbal bullying of a victim. Participants (N = 82) were asked to report how likely they would be to intervene in each of these scenarios. Results showed that female victims were more likely to be helped than male victims. Furthermore, female participants were more willing to intervene than the male participants in the cyberbullying scenarios. Altruism was a positive predictor of participants' willingness to intervene. The present findings suggest that certain gender differences in helping behavior may depend on the context in which bullying is observed (traditional or cyberbullying).

Attitudes toward food fraud in Israel and Germany

2020 ◽  
Vol 122 (7) ◽  
pp. 2219-2232
Author(s):  
Inna Levy ◽  
Pamela Kerschke-Risch
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Public Attitudes ◽  
Food Fraud ◽  
Negative Attitudes ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Kosher Food ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Impact

PurposeThe current research focused on attitudes toward food fraud (AFF) and examined the impact of types of food fraud, gender differences, and country of residence.Design/methodology/approachA convenience sample of German (n = 151) and Israeli (n = 496) participants was recruited through an online survey. They filled out a sociodemographic questionnaire and AFF scale, which includes three subscales: organic fraud, kosher fraud, and spraying fraud.FindingsThe results indicate that there is a significant effect of type of fraud, country of residence, and gender. German participants expressed more negative attitudes toward organic food fraud and less negative attitudes toward kosher fraud than Israeli participants. Women expressed more negative attitudes toward organic and kosher food frauds than men.Originality/valueThis study offers insight into cross-cultural and gender differences in attitudes toward food fraud. The findings suggest that public attitudes toward food fraud represent not just severity of possible consequences, but also environmental and religious aspects of consumption, norms and culture.

The Effects of Gender-Role Traditionality and Gender of Abuser on Attitudes Toward Intimate Partner Violence and Perceived Body Size of the Victim and Abuser

Partner Abuse ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 230-248
Author(s):  
Niwako Yamawaki ◽  
Christina Riley ◽  
Nathan Gardner
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Gender Role ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Intervention Programs ◽  
Male Victims ◽  
Female Victim ◽  
Male Victim ◽  
Female Victims ◽  
New Directions ◽  
And Gender

The current study examined college students’ perceptions of male victims compared to female victims in a female abuser–male victim scenario and a male abuser–female victim scenario. Victim blaming, minimization of the seriousness of the abuse, and body size perceptions and how gender-role traditionality (GRT) affects these perceptions were investigated. Male victims were blamed as the victim more and their abuse was minimized more compared to female victims. These differences were moderated by GRT. Only the female victim and abuser varied in body size perceptions, and these perceptions were also moderated by GRT. Males blamed the victim and minimized the seriousness of the abuse more than did females. Implications for intervention programs and new directions in IPV research are discussed.

Gender Interaction Effects on Reporting Assaults to the Police

2020 ◽  
pp. 088626052090313
Author(s):  
Keith L. Hullenaar ◽  
R. Barry Ruback
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Sex Offender ◽  
Gender Norms ◽  
Crime Reporting ◽  
Coercive Power ◽  
Male Victims ◽  
Crime Victimization ◽  
Female Victims ◽  
Self Help ◽  
Opposite Sex

This study used two theoretical perspectives—coercive power and gender norms—to examine how gender affects victims’ decisions to report physical assaults to the police. The coercive power perspective attributes gender differences in reporting to sex-linked physical coercive power differences that affect the harm of the crime and victims’ personal safety. The gender norm perspective attributes gender differences in reporting to specific gender norms that influence crime reporting decisions. Using a sample of 18,627 nonintimate partner physical assaults from the National Crime Victimization Survey (1993–2015), crime reporting models demonstrated significantly better fit when they included the interaction between the victim’s gender and the offender’s gender than when they included only the main effects. In the sample, (a) female victims were 21.9% more likely to report to the police when the offender was male (vs. female) and (b) male victims were 45.8% more likely to report to the police when the offender was female (vs. male). Victims’ tendency to report an opposite-sex offender to the police was strongest in simple assaults and absent in aggravated assaults. We conclude that male and female victims’ reporting behaviors were most consistent with gender norms that encourage the use of self-help violence and discourage police reporting in intragender assaults. Consistent with this explanation, self-help violence was negatively related to crime reporting in assaults. Victims were more likely to use self-help violence and avoid reporting to the police against a same-sex offender than an opposite-sex offender. Finally, the offender’s gender had a relatively stronger influence on assault victims’ decisions to use self-help violence than on victims’ decisions to take no action against the offender (i.e., not reporting to the police or using self-help violence).

Peer phubbing and selfie liking: The roles of attention seeking and gender

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (7) ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Lujie Hao ◽  
Dan Liu ◽  
Jie Yin ◽  
Bingkun Lin ◽  
Xiaosan Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
University Students ◽  
Indirect Effect ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Moderating Effect ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Relationship

We explored the relationship between being phubbed by one's peers and selfie liking, and examined the mediating effect of attention seeking and the moderating effect of gender in this relationship. An online survey was conducted with 427 university students. The results reveal that peer phubbing was positively related to attention seeking and selfie liking. Further, attention seeking was positively related to selfie liking, and attention seeking mediated the relationship between peer phubbing and selfie liking. The indirect pathways involved gender differences, with a stronger indirect effect for men compared to that for women. Thus, gender moderated the relationship between peer phubbing and attention seeking, as well as the relationship between attention seeking and selfie liking. These findings illustrate that selfierelated behaviors may function as a buffer for being phubbed. Moreover, phubbed individuals are prone to engage in attentionseeking behavior and frequent selfie liking.

Performance impact of mobile banking: using the task-technology fit (TTF) approach

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 434-457 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Tam ◽  
Tiago Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Group Analysis ◽  
Individual Performance ◽  
Mobile Banking ◽  
Performance Impact ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Task Technology Fit ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Individual

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate the determinants of mobile banking (m-banking) for individual performance and whether or not there are any age or gender differences. Design/methodology/approach – The research model is based on the task-technology fit (TTF) theory, which integrates elements of task and technology characteristics, technology usage, and individual performance, while combining the age and gender subsamples. The empirical approach was based on an online survey questionnaire of 256 individuals. Partial least squares based on the multi-group analysis were used to analyse the proposed framework construct relationships. Findings – The results reveal that TTF and usage are important precedents of individual performance. The authors find statistically significant differences in path usage to performance impact for the age subsample, and no statistically significant differences for the gender subsample. Originality/value – The paper highlights the TTF model to understand the determinants that influence the individual performance of m-banking, and whether or not there are any age or gender differences. While most earlier research focuses on m-banking adoption, the approach diverges from the majority of the work by examining the individual performance, which has not been considered in earlier studies.

Patterns of Psychological Distress and Well-Being among Adults in Relation to Gender during COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 (04) ◽  
pp. 257-262
Author(s):  
Ameya Arora ◽  
Pankhuri Sharma ◽  
Nitin Kumar Verma
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
Development Stages ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
And Gender

AbstractCoronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has led to the worsening of mental health of people in terms of increased psychological distress and decreased psychological well-being. The study was designed to understand the influence of COVID-19 pandemic on psychological distress and well-being. Present study also explored the variances in psychological distress and well-being in relation to development stages (young adulthood and adulthood), gender (males and females), people who had been infected by coronavirus and those not infected, and respondents whose immediate family members/relatives/friends/classmates had been infected by coronavirus and those not infected. An online survey was conducted in the midst of the pandemic. Responses of 250 respondents were gathered and analysed using the General Well-being Questionnaire developed by Veit and Ware in 1983. The results indicated that COVID-19 pandemic played a significant role in determining psychological distress and well-being. Gender differences in psychological distress and well-being are present with males being high on psychological distress and females being high on psychological well-being. Adults were found to be high on psychological distress than young adults. It was also revealed that as a person (respondent himself/immediate family/friends/relatives) becomes infected and recovers, their psychological distress declines, and well-being increases, probably because of reduced fear of being infected again. Along with other demographic variables, developmental stages and gender differences also played a crucial role in psychological distress and well-being of adults.

scholarly journals Gender Differences in Beliefs about English Language Policies (ELPs): The Case of Saudi Higher Education English Departments

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 111
Author(s):  
Suliman Mohammed Nasser Alnasser
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Gender Differences ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
English Language ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Language Policies ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Staff Members ◽  
English Departments ◽  
And Gender

Review of literature suggests that issues in English language policies (ELPs) in higher education foreign language department levels have not been addressed, and the relationship between beliefs about general notions of ELPs and gender has been disregarded. The current study investigates gender-related differences in beliefs on five main notions of ELPs among staff members in Saudi Arabian English departments. An online survey was administered to staff members in different Saudi English departments from different regions in Saudi Arabia. Five general statements on ELPs were included in the survey and were responded to by male (n = 67) and female (n = 143) staff members (total = 210). Pearson’s chi-square test of independence and the calculated percentages of responses were used to analyze gender differences. No statistically significant differences were found between male and female participants, with the exception of one statement. Both genders had generally similar beliefs on ELPs. Moreover, the female staff had slightly stronger beliefs than the male staff, and males showed more hesitation than females did when deciding on ELP matters. The study also discusses the implications of the findings and provided recommendations for future research.

Brief Report. The PCL-R and Gender

2000 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 147-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Grann
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
Discriminant Analysis ◽  
Juvenile Delinquency ◽  
Violent Offenders ◽  
Matched Pairs ◽  
Psychopathy Checklist ◽  
Psychopathy Checklist Revised ◽  
And Gender

Summary: Hare's Psychopathy Checklist - Revised (PCL-R; Hare, 1991 ) was originally constructed for use among males in correctional and forensic settings. In this study, the PCL-R protocols of 36 matched pairs of female and male violent offenders were examined with respect to gender differences. The results indicated a few significant differences. By means of discriminant analysis, male Ss were distinguished from their female counterparts through their relatively higher scores on “callous/lack of empathy” (item 8) and “juvenile delinquency” (item 18), whereas the female Ss scored relatively higher on “promiscuous sexual behavior” (item 11). Some sources of bias and possible implications are discussed.

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