Graph Indices

2020 ◽  
pp. 66-91
Author(s):  
V. R. Kulli
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Structure ◽  
Carbon Atom ◽  
Organic Molecule ◽  
Molecular Graph ◽  
Simple Graph ◽  
Chemical Graph ◽  
Zagreb Indices ◽  
Mathematical Properties ◽  
Chemical Graph Theory ◽  
Related Graph

A molecular graph is a finite simple graph representing the carbon-atom skeleton of an organic molecule of a hydrocarbon. Studying molecular graphs is a constant focus in chemical graph theory: an effort to better understand molecular structure. Many types of graph indices such as degree-based graph indices, distance-based graph indices, and counting-related graph indices have been explored recently. Among degree-based graph indices, Zagreb indices are the oldest and studied well. In the last few years, many new graph indices were proposed. The present survey of these graph indices outlines their mathematical properties and also provides an exhaustive bibliography.

scholarly journals Computing Topological Indices for Para-Line Graphs of Anthracene

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 955-962 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhiqiang Zhang ◽  
Zeshan Saleem Mufti ◽  
Muhammad Faisal Nadeem ◽  
Zaheer Ahmad ◽  
Muhammad Kamran Siddiqui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Graph Theory ◽  
Chemical Compound ◽  
Line Graph ◽  
Molecular Graph ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Molar Refraction ◽  
Chromatographic Behavior ◽  
Chemical Graph ◽  
Chemical Graph Theory ◽  
And Mathematics

AbstractAtoms displayed as vertices and bonds can be shown by edges on a molecular graph. For such graphs we can find the indices showing their bioactivity as well as their physio-chemical properties such as the molar refraction, molar volume, chromatographic behavior, heat of atomization, heat of vaporization, magnetic susceptibility, and the partition coefficient. Today, industry is flourishing because of the interdisciplinary study of different disciplines. This provides a way to understand the application of different disciplines. Chemical graph theory is a mixture of chemistry and mathematics, which plays an important role in chemical graph theory. Chemistry provides a chemical compound, and graph theory transforms this chemical compound into a molecular graphwhich further is studied by different aspects such as topological indices.We will investigate some indices of the line graph of the subdivided graph (para-line graph) of linear-[s] Anthracene and multiple Anthracene.

scholarly journals On multiplicative degree based topological indices for planar octahedron networks

2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 219-228
Author(s):  
Ghulam Dustigeer ◽  
Haidar Ali ◽  
Muhammad Imran Khan ◽  
Yu-Ming Chu
Keyword(s):  
Graph Theory ◽  
Information Science ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Molecular Graph ◽  
Triangular Prism ◽  
Structure Property ◽  
Zagreb Index ◽  
Zagreb Indices ◽  
Chemical Graph Theory ◽  
Analytical Formulas

AbstractChemical graph theory is a branch of graph theory in which a chemical compound is presented with a simple graph called a molecular graph. There are atomic bonds in the chemistry of the chemical atomic graph and edges. The graph is connected when there is at least one connection between its vertices. The number that describes the topology of the graph is called the topological index. Cheminformatics is a new subject which is a combination of chemistry, mathematics and information science. It studies quantitative structure-activity (QSAR) and structure-property (QSPR) relationships that are used to predict the biological activities and properties of chemical compounds. We evaluated the second multiplicative Zagreb index, first and second universal Zagreb indices, first and second hyper Zagreb indices, sum and product connectivity indices for the planar octahedron network, triangular prism network, hex planar octahedron network, and give these indices closed analytical formulas.

scholarly journals On the Multiplicative Degree-Based Topological Indices of Silicon-Carbon Si2C3-I[p,q] and Si2C3-II[p,q]

Symmetry ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 320 ◽  
Author(s):  
Young Kwun ◽  
Abaid Virk ◽  
Waqas Nazeer ◽  
M. Rehman ◽  
Shin Kang
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Structure ◽  
Graph Theory ◽  
Molecular Graph ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Topological Indices ◽  
Molecular Compound ◽  
Zagreb Indices ◽  
Silicon Carbon ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Structure Research

The application of graph theory in chemical and molecular structure research has far exceeded people’s expectations, and it has recently grown exponentially. In the molecular graph, atoms are represented by vertices and bonds by edges. Topological indices help us to predict many physico-chemical properties of the concerned molecular compound. In this article, we compute Generalized first and multiplicative Zagreb indices, the multiplicative version of the atomic bond connectivity index, and the Generalized multiplicative Geometric Arithmetic index for silicon-carbon Si2C3−I[p,q] and Si2C3−II[p,q] second.

scholarly journals Ordering of alkane isomers by means of connectivity indices

2002 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivan Gutman ◽  
Dusica Vidovic ◽  
Anka Nedic
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Atom ◽  
Organic Molecule ◽  
Molecular Graph ◽  
Connectivity Index ◽  
Randić Index ◽  
Randic Index ◽  
Connectivity Indices ◽  
The Difference

The connectivity index of an organic molecule whose molecular graph is Gis defined as C(?)=?(?u?v)??where ?u is the degree of the vertex u in G, where the summation goes over all pairs of adjacent vertices of G and where ? is a pertinently chosen exponent. The usual value of ? is ?1/2, in which case ?=C(?1/2) is referred to as the Randic index. The ordering of isomeric alkanes according to ??follows the extent of branching of the carbon-atom skeleton. We now study the ordering of the constitutional isomers of alkanes with 6 through 10 carbon atoms with respect to C(?) for various values of the parameter ?. This ordering significantly depends on ?. The difference between the orderings with respect to ??and with respect to C(?) is measured by a function ??and the ?-dependence of ??was established.

Graph Applications in Chemoinformatics and Structural Bioinformatics

2011 ◽  
pp. 386-420
Author(s):  
Eleanor Joyce Gardiner
Keyword(s):  
Graph Theory ◽  
Molecular Graph ◽  
Structural Bioinformatics ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Chemical Graph ◽  
Labeled Graph ◽  
3D Space ◽  
Chemical Graph Theory ◽  
Computer Representation ◽  
History Of

The focus of this chapter will be the uses of graph theory in chemoinformatics and in structural bioinformatics. There is a long history of chemical graph theory dating back to the 1860’s and Kekule’s structural theory. It is natural to regard the atoms of a molecule as nodes and the bonds as edges (2D representations) of a labeled graph (a molecular graph). This chapter will concentrate on the algorithms developed to exploit the computer representation of such graphs and their extensions in both two and three dimensions (where an edge represents the distance in 3D space between a pair of atoms), together with the algorithms developed to exploit them. The algorithms will generally be summarized rather than detailed. The methods were later extended to larger macromolecules (such as proteins); these will be covered in less detail.

scholarly journals On Computation Degree-Based Topological Descriptors for Planar Octahedron Networks

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Wang Zhen ◽  
Parvez Ali ◽  
Haidar Ali ◽  
Ghulam Dustigeer ◽  
Jia-Bao Liu
Keyword(s):  
Graph Theory ◽  
Chemical Compound ◽  
Topological Index ◽  
Molecular Graph ◽  
Topological Descriptors ◽  
Zagreb Index ◽  
Chemical Graph ◽  
Symmetric Division ◽  
Chemical Graph Theory ◽  
Augmented Zagreb Index

A molecular graph is used to represent a chemical molecule in chemical graph theory, which is a branch of graph theory. A graph is considered to be linked if there is at least one link between its vertices. A topological index is a number that describes a graph’s topology. Cheminformatics is a relatively young discipline that brings together the field of sciences. Cheminformatics helps in establishing QSAR and QSPR models to find the characteristics of the chemical compound. We compute the first and second modified K-Banhatti indices, harmonic K-Banhatti index, symmetric division index, augmented Zagreb index, and inverse sum index and also provide the numerical results.

On Certain Topological Indices of Three-Layered Single-Walled Titania Nanosheets

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Micheal Arockiaraj ◽  
Jia-Bao Liu ◽  
M. Arulperumjothi ◽  
S. Prabhu
Keyword(s):  
Materials Science ◽  
Molecular Graph ◽  
Quantitative Structure Activity Relationship ◽  
Topological Indices ◽  
Quantitative Structure ◽  
Structure Property ◽  
Mathematical Properties ◽  
Chemical Graph Theory ◽  
Research Article ◽  
Cut Method

Aim and Objective: Nanostructures are objects whose sizes are between microscopic and molecular. The most significant of these new elements are carbon nanotubes. These elements have extraordinary microelectronic properties and many other exclusive physiognomies. Recently, researchers have given the attention to the mathematical properties of these materials. The aim and objective of this research article is to investigate the most important molecular descriptors namely Wiener, edge-Wiener, vertex-edge-Wiener, vertex-Szeged, edge-Szeged, edge-vertex-Szeged, total-Szeged, PI, Schultz, Gutman, Mostar, edge-Mostar, and total-Mostar indices of three-layered single-walled titania nanosheets. By computing these topological indices, materials science researchers can have a better understanding of structural and physical properties of titania nanosheets, and thereby more easily synthesizing new variants of titania nanosheets with more amenable physicochemical properties. Methods: The cut method turned out to be extremely handy when dealing with distance-based graph invariants which are in turn among the central concepts of chemical graph theory. In this method, we use the Djokovic ́-Winkler relation to find the suitable edge cuts to leave the graph into exactly two components. Based on the graph theoretical measures of the components, we obtain the desired topological indices by mathematical computations. Results: In this paper, distance-based indices for three-layered single-walled titania nanosheets were investigated and given the exact expressions for various dimensions of three-layered single-walled titania nanosheets. These indices may be useful in synthesizing new variants of titania nanosheets and the computed topological indices play an important role in studies of Quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) and Quantitative structure-property relationship (QSPR). Conclusion: In this paper, we have obtained the closed expressions of several distance-based topological indices of three-layered single-walled titania nanosheet TNS_3 [m,n] molecular graph for the cases m≥ n and m < n. The graphical validations for the computed indices are done and we observe that the Wiener types, Schultz and Gutman indices perform in a similar way whereas PI and Mostar type indices perform in the same way.

Physical Analysis of Heat of Formation and Entropy for Ceria Oxide Using Topological Indices

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiujun Zhang ◽  
Muhammad Kamran Siddiqui ◽  
Sana Javed ◽  
Lubna Sherin ◽  
Farah Kausar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Graph ◽  
Heat Of Formation ◽  
Topological Indices ◽  
Physical Analysis ◽  
Chemical Graph ◽  
Chemical Graph Theory ◽  
Vertex Partition ◽  
Numerical Invariants ◽  
Ceria Oxide ◽  
Matlab Programming

Background:: “Cerium oxide nanoparticles ( Aim and Objective:: The study“was aimed to analyze the chemical graph of crystal structure of Ceria Oxide(cuprite) Materials and Methods:: Chemical“graph theory plays an important role in modeling and designing any chemical structure. The topological indices are the numerical invariants of a molecular graph and are very useful for predicting their physical properties. For calculation, we have utilized the combinatorial processing strategy, edge partition technique, vertex partition strategy, analytic procedures, graph hypothetical tools, degree counting technique and entirety of degrees of neighbors technique. Moreover, Matlab programming have been utilized for the numerical computations and checks. We likewise utilized the maple for plotting these numerical outcomes.” Results:: We have“computed Heat of Formation and Entropy using degree based topological indices. More oreciously, our main results are based on some degree based topological indices, namely, the atom bond connectivity index Conclusion:: We discuss“these indices exhibited difference with the reported heat of formation and entropy of cuprite

scholarly journals On Molecular Topological Properties of TiO2 Nanotubes

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nilanjan De
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Structure ◽  
Graph Theory ◽  
Strong Correlation ◽  
Tio2 Nanotubes ◽  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
Topological Indices ◽  
Topological Properties ◽  
Chemical Graph ◽  
Chemical Graph Theory ◽  
Titania Nanotube

Titania nanotube is a well-known semiconductor and has numerous technological applications. In chemical graph theory, topological indices provide an important tool to quantify the molecular structure and it is found that there is a strong correlation between the properties of chemical compounds and their molecular structure. Among different topological indices, degree-based topological indices are most studied and have some important applications. In this study, several old and new degree-based topological indices have been investigated for titania TiO2 nanotubes.

scholarly journals Reverse Zagreb and Reverse Hyper-Zagreb Indices for Crystallographic Structure of Molecules

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhen Wang ◽  
Faryal Chaudhry ◽  
Maria Naseem ◽  
Adnan Asghar
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Descriptor ◽  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
Topological Indices ◽  
Crystallographic Structure ◽  
Chemical Graph ◽  
Zagreb Indices ◽  
Chemical Graph Theory ◽  
Structure Of Molecules ◽  
Wet Lab ◽  
Ga Index

In the fields of chemical graph theory, topological index is a type of a molecular descriptor that is calculated based on the graph of a chemical compound. Topological indices help us collect information about algebraic graphs and give us mathematical approach to understand the properties of algebraic structures. With the help of topological indices, we can guess the properties of chemical compounds without performing experiments in wet lab. There are more than 148 topological indices in the literature, but none of them completely give all properties of under study compounds. Together, they do it to some extent; hence, there is always room to introduce new indices. In this paper, we present first and second reserve Zagreb indices and first reverse hyper-Zagreb indices, reverse GA index, and reverse atomic bond connectivity index for the crystallographic structure of molecules. We also present first and second reverse Zagreb polynomials and first and second reverse hyper-Zagreb polynomials for the crystallographic structure of molecules.

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