Securing and Proctoring Online Tests

2005 ◽  
pp. 300-329
Author(s):  
Bernadette Howlett ◽  
Beverly Hewett
Keyword(s):  
Instructional Design ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
Course Delivery ◽  
Future Trends ◽  
Extensive Discussion ◽  
Policy History ◽  
Online Assessments ◽  
Online Tests ◽  
Pedagogical Approaches

Online course delivery has introduced a new spectrum of opportunities not only for innovative pedagogical approaches, but also for cheating. This chapter provides instructors with methods to deter students from cheating in online assessments either by limiting the opportunity to cheat or by reducing their motivation for doing so. Through an extensive discussion of research literature, we provide an exploration of cheating that includes: definitions, cost and effects, ethical considerations, motivations for cheating, role of organizational policy, history and recent examples. In this exploration, both technological solutions and instructional design solutions to reduce cheating are examined. This chapter looks closely at the capabilities and limitations of online testing and the tools technology provides to reduce cheating. We emphasize the role of instructional design in securing online tests. We conclude with a discussion on future trends.

Designed Learner Interactions in Blended Course Delivery

2011 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Reba-Anna Lee ◽  
Brian Dashew
Keyword(s):  
Instructional Design ◽  
Best Practices ◽  
Design Process ◽  
Course Delivery ◽  
Student Interactions ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Instructional Design Process ◽  
Hybrid Delivery ◽  
Academic Technology ◽  
Blended Course

In transitioning to a hybrid delivery model, faculty are presented with an opportunity to engage in a systematic instructional design process which can bring coursework in line with pedagogical best practices that may not exist in traditional face-to-face classes. This paper presents a model whereby Marist College Academic Technology & eLearning staff focuses faculty attention on designing effective student interactions with content, the instructor, and other students. These interactions promote deeper levels of engagement in student learning.

scholarly journals Vulnerable adults in police custody

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-8
Author(s):  
Ian Cummins
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
Police Custody ◽  
England And Wales ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Vulnerable Adults

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to discuss the recent National Appropriate Adult Network (NAAN) report on the role of the appropriate adult. Design/methodology/approach This paper is based on the NAAN report and a review of relevant policy and research literature. Findings There to Help 2 highlights that there are still significant gaps in the provision of appropriate adult schemes across England and Wales. These gaps potentially place vulnerable adults at increased risk. Originality/value This paper is a review of recent research.

scholarly journals Past and future trends of Egypt’s water consumption and its sources

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine A. Nikiel ◽  
Elfatih A. B. Eltahir
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Virtual Water ◽  
Comprehensive Analysis ◽  
Future Trends ◽  
Nile Water ◽  
The Gift ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
The 1960S

AbstractFor millennia the Nile supplied Egypt with more water than needed. As the population grew and the economy expanded, demand on water increased accordingly. Here, we present a comprehensive analysis to reconstruct how total demand on water outstripped supply of the Nile water in the late 1970s, starting from a surplus of about 20 km3 per year in the 1960s leading to a deficit of about 40 km3 per year by the late 2010s. The gap is satisfied by import of virtual water. The role of economic growth in driving per capita demand on water is quantified based on detailed analysis of water use by agriculture and other sectors. We develop and test an empirical model of water demand in Egypt that relates demand on water to growth rates in the economy and population. Looking forward, we project that within this decade of the 2020 s, under nominal scenarios of population and economic growth, Egypt is likely to import more virtual water than the water supplied by the Nile, bringing into question the historical characterization of Egypt as “the gift of the Nile”.

scholarly journals Jewish Perceptions of Antisemitism in the European Union, 2018: A New Structural Look

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergio DellaPergola
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Research Issues ◽  
Similarity Structure ◽  
Methodological Problems ◽  
Prejudice And Discrimination ◽  
Anti Jewish ◽  
The Eu

AbstractThis paper aims at providing a new systemic contribution to research about perceptions of antisemitism/Judeophobia by contemporary Jews in 12 European Union countries. The perspective – the viewpoint of the offended side – has been less prominent relatively in research literature on antisemitism. The data analysis demonstrates the potential power of Similarity Structure Analysis (SSA) as a better theoretical and empirical tool to describe and conceptualize the contents of chosen research issues. After a brief review of some methodological problems in the study of antisemitism, this paper will re-elaborate data first published in the report of the 2018 FRA study Experiences and Perceptions of Antisemitism – Second survey on Discrimination and Hate Crimes against Jews in the EU (FRA 2018a). Topics include the perceived importance of antisemitism as a societal issue, the contents of anti-Jewish prejudice and discrimination, channels of transmission, perpetrators of offenses, regional differences within Europe, and the role of antisemitism perceptions as a component of Jewish identification. Special attention is paid to the distinction between cognitive and experiential perceptions of antisemitism, and to the typology of practical, populist, political, and narrative antisemitism.

scholarly journals The voice, text, and the visual as semiotic companions: an analysis of the materiality and meaning potential of multimodal screen feedback

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clare Tyrer
Keyword(s):  
Student Teachers ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
Written Feedback ◽  
Feedback Process ◽  
Teachers Perceptions ◽  
Initial Teacher Training ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Voice ◽  
Structured Video

AbstractThe gap between how learners interpret and act upon feedback has been widely documented in the research literature. What is less certain is the extent to which the modality and materiality of the feedback influence students’ and teachers’ perceptions. This article explores the semiotic potential of multimodal screen feedback to enhance written feedback. Guided by an “Inquiry Graphics” approach, situated within a semiotic theory of learning edusemiotic conceptual framework, constructions of meaning in relation to screencasting feedback were analysed to determine how and whether it could be incorporated into existing feedback practices. Semi-structured video elicitation interviews with student teachers were used to incorporate both micro and macro levels of analysis. The findings suggested that the relationship between the auditory, visual and textual elements in multimodal screen feedback enriched the feedback process, highlighting the importance of form in addition to content to aid understanding of written feedback. The constitutive role of design and material artefacts in feedback practices in initial teacher training pertinent to these findings is also discussed.

Pivoting in a COVID-19 teaching environment: developing interactive teaching approaches and online assessments to improve students’ experiences

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kate L. Morgan ◽  
Wei Chen
Keyword(s):  
Online Teaching ◽  
Sudden Change ◽  
Course Delivery ◽  
Financial Accounting ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Course Materials ◽  
Accounting Courses ◽  
Online Assessments ◽  
Short Time

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to discuss the changes made to course delivery, course materials and assessment approaches required in response to the COVID-19 pandemic which forced many changes to occur in a very short time. Design/methodology/approach It is a case study of the changes made to content, teaching methods and assessment in a postgraduate introductory financial accounting course of approximately 350 students across two terms. Findings The key findings are that the sudden change from face-to-face to online teaching to address government regulations, social distancing expectations and students’ needs required immediate changes to how content was delivered, how to interact with students (many of who were studying outside of Australia), and how to adapt to online assessments. Many of the innovations the authors describe will continue to be used in the course going forward both in face-to-face and online formats. That is, the need to change resulted in innovations that can be implemented in a post-pandemic environment. Originality/value The key value of this paper is to provide instructors with insights into the innovations the authors made to address the changed circumstances, which can be incorporated into other accounting courses in the future.

See What I Mean? Analogical Objects for Knowledge Mediation in Early Phases of Cross-Industry Innovation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hilda Bø Lyng ◽  
Eric Christian Brun
Keyword(s):  
Nonverbal Communication ◽  
Visual Representations ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
Knowledge Domains ◽  
Collaborative Engagement ◽  
Epistemic Objects ◽  
Industry Sectors ◽  
Early Phases

The objective of this research is to explore the nature and role of analogies as objects for knowledge transfer in cross-industry collaborations. A case study of an organization seeking cross-industry innovation (CII) across two industry sectors was conducted, and the empirical data were analyzed qualitatively. We found that analogies used as knowledge mediation objects could be classified as explanatory or inventive, each expressed as linguistic or visual representations. Explanatory analogical objects help build prior knowledge of a foreign industry domain, thus easing later use of inventive analogical objects to identify how knowledge from one industry can be applied in another industry for innovation purposes. In these roles, the analogies serve as boundary objects. Both explanatory and inventive analogies can also serve as epistemic objects, motivating for further collaborative engagement. Visual representations of analogies help bridge the abstract with the concrete, thereby easing the process of creating analogies. They also enable nonverbal communication, thus helping bypass language barriers between knowledge domains. The reported research expands current research literature on knowledge mediation objects to the context of CII and provides added detailed understanding of the use of analogies in CII.

An Examination of the Importance of Strain in the Cannabis Gateway Effect

2017 ◽  
Vol 62 (11) ◽  
pp. 3603-3617 ◽  
Author(s):  
James C. McCutcheon ◽  
Stephen J. Watts
Keyword(s):  
Illicit Drugs ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
Cannabis Use ◽  
Policy Support ◽  
Adult Health ◽  
National Longitudinal Study ◽  
Gateway Theory ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Relationship

Gateway theory has been the source of much debate in both the research literature and public policy. Support for gateway sequencing has been mixed, especially in research that has considered the role of criminological variables in the etiology of substance use. For example, limited prior research has observed as important in gateway sequencing the effects of severe stressors. Data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health are utilized to test gateway theory and examine whether severe stressors affect the relationship between frequency of cannabis use and later use of other illicit drugs (OIDs). Findings suggest that while frequency of cannabis use does increase the likelihood of later use of OIDs, this relationship may be the result of the common cause of experiencing severe stress. Implications of the findings are discussed.

Is central hyperacusis a symptom of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) dysfunction?

1995 ◽  
Vol 109 (10) ◽  
pp. 915-921 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josephine Marriage ◽  
N. M. Barnes
Keyword(s):  
Common Factor ◽  
Subjective Symptom ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
Auditory Sensitivity ◽  
Sensory Modulation ◽  
Hearing Sensitivity ◽  
Symptom Profile ◽  
Neurological Conditions

AbstractThe subjective symptom of hyperacusis is described. The terms ‘hyperacusis’ and ‘phonophobia’ are considered to be synonymous as there is no recognized distinction between these two descriptions. Peripheral auditory pathologies with associated hearing sensitivity are reviewed and the likely mechanisms underlying the hyperacusis are listed. The neurological conditions, which have been reported to occur with hyperacusis, are reviewed. A separate aetiology of central hyperacusis is therefore proposed, with a symptom profile distinct from the peripheral hyperacusisA common factor to neurological conditions with hyperacusis, is disturbance of 5-HT (5-hydroxytryptamine) or serotonin function. The research literature on the role of 5-HT in sensory modulation (specifically auditory startle) in animals is presented. It is proposed that 5-HT dysfunction is a probable cause of increased auditory sensitivity manifested as central hyperacusis or phonophobia

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