New Technologies in E-Banking

2011 ◽  
pp. 136-151
Author(s):  
Niels Jørgensen
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Phones ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
User Authentication ◽  
Digital Signatures ◽  
Security Evaluation ◽  
Secret Key ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
Practical Test ◽  
Message Service ◽  
The One

In e-banking, user authentication with mobile phones and special-purpose cryptographic tokens is a promising alternative to conventional approaches, such as digital signatures on a personal computer (PC). Special-purpose tokens that do not have external connections avoid viruses transmitted via the Internet. Moreover, phones and tokens are mobile. The chapter assesses the potential of new technologies for user authentication (verification of the user’s identity) on the basis of a practical test and an analysis of trust. The practical test comprises a password generator, mobile phones with short message service (SMS), wireless application protocol (WAP), and third generation (3G), and (conventional) PC-based authentication, using digital signatures—all as used by a Danish e-bank. On the one hand, the test indicates that in some ways the hardware-based technologies are indeed easier to use. On the other hand, the trust analysis indicates that the secrecy of the new approaches may be a weakness, since there is no publicly available analysis of their security. The secrecy of the hardware-based technologies may be justified by the need to prevent various attacks, such as physically opening a password generator to determine its secret key. A prerequisite for consumer trust in the hardware-based technologies may be the introduction of security evaluation methods that do not disclose the secret parts of the technologies to the public and are conducted by public authorities or independent third parties.

De la gestión local a la gobernanza global: actores e interacciones multiniveles en la gestión del agua en la ciudad de México

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 34-66
Author(s):  
Joyce Valdovinos
Keyword(s):  
Private Sector ◽  
Water Governance ◽  
The State ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
Service Contracts ◽  
Governance Model ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
The One

The provision of water services has traditionally been considered a responsibility of the state. During the late 1980s, the private sector emerged as a key actor in the provision of public services. Mexico City was no exception to this trend and public authorities awarded service contracts to four private consortia in 1993. Through consideration of this case study, two main questions arise: First, why do public authorities establish partnerships with the private sector? Second, what are the implications of these partnerships for water governance? This article focuses, on the one hand, on the conceptual debate of water as a public and/or private good, while identifying new trends and strategies carried out by private operators. On the other hand, it analyzes the role of the state and its relationships with other actors through a governance model characterized by partnerships and multilevel networks.Spanish La provisión del servicio del agua ha sido tradicionalmente considerada como una responsabilidad del Estado. A finales de la década de 1980, el sector privado emerge como un actor clave en el suministro de servicios públicos. La ciudad de México no escapa a esta tendencia y en 1993 las autoridades públicas firman contratos de servicios con cuatro consorcios privados. A través de este estudio de caso, dos preguntas son planteadas: ¿Por qué las autoridades públicas establecen partenariados con el sector privado? ¿Cuáles son las implicaciones de dichos partenariados en la gobernanza del agua? Este artículo aborda por una parte, el debate conceptual del agua como bien público y/o privado, identificando nuevas tendencias y estrategias de los operadores privados. Por otra parte, se analizan el rol y las relaciones del Estado con otros actores a través de un modelo de gobernanza, definido en términos de partenariados y redes multi-niveles.French Les services de l'eau ont été traditionnellement considérés comme une responsabilité de l'État. À la fin des années 1980, le secteur privé est apparu comme un acteur clé dans la fourniture de certains services publics. La ville de Mexico n'a pas échappé à cette tendance et en 1993, les autorités publiques ont signé des contrats de services avec quatre consortiums privés. À travers cette étude de cas, nous nous interrogerons sur deux aspects : pourquoi les autorités publiques établissentelles des partenariats avec le secteur privé ? Quelles sont les implications de ces partenariats sur la gouvernance de l'eau ? Cet article s'intéresse, d'une part, au débat conceptuel sur l'eau en tant que bien public et/ou privé, en identifiant les tendances nouvelles et les stratégies menées par les opérateurs privés. D'autre part y sont analysés le rôle de l'État et ses relations avec d'autres acteurs à travers un modèle de gouvernance, défini en termes de partenariats, et des réseaux multi-niveaux.

The Dilemma between Aligned Expectations and Diversity in Innovation

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timur Ergen
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
Historical Case ◽  
History Of Capitalism ◽  
Synthetic Fuel ◽  
The Us ◽  
History Of ◽  
The One ◽  
Technology Policies ◽  
Lock In ◽  
Innovation Processes

This chapter brings together arguments from economics, sociology, and political economy to show that innovation processes are characterized by a dilemma between the advantages of aligned expectations—including greater coordination and investment—and those of diversity, including superior openness to new technological possibilities. To illustrate the argument, the chapter discusses a historical case involving one of the largest coordinated peace-time attempts to hasten technological innovation in the history of capitalism, namely the US energy technology policies of the 1970s and 1980s. Close examination of the commercialization of photovoltaics and synthetic fuel initiatives illustrates both sides of the dilemma between shared versus diverse expectations in innovation: coordination but possible premature lock-in on the one hand, and openness but possible stagnation on the other. The chapter shows that even the exploration and interpretation of new technologies may be as much a product of focused investment as of trial-and-error search.

scholarly journals Is There a Predisposition towards the Use of New Technologies within the Traffic Field of Emerging Countries? The Case of the Dominican Republic

Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1208
Author(s):  
Francisco Alonso ◽  
Mireia Faus ◽  
Cristina Esteban ◽  
Sergio A. Useche
Keyword(s):  
Dominican Republic ◽  
Road Safety ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Personal Data ◽  
Emerging Countries ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
One Year ◽  
The One ◽  
And Control

Technological devices are becoming more and more integrated in the management and control of traffic in big cities. The population perceives the benefits provided by these systems, and, therefore, citizens usually have a favorable opinion of them. However, emerging countries, which have fewer available infrastructures, could present a certain lack of trust. The objective of this work is to detect the level of knowledge and predisposition towards the use of new technologies in the transportation field of the Dominican Republic. For this study, the National Survey on Mobility was administered to a sample of Dominican citizens, proportional to the ONE census and to sex, age and province. The knowledge of ITS topics, as well as the use of mobile applications for mobility, are scarce; however, there was a significant increase that can be observed in only one year. Moreover, technology is, in general, positively assessed for what concerns the improvement of the traffic field, even though there is a lack of predisposition to provide one’s personal data, which is necessary for these devices. The process of technological development in the country must be backed up by laws that protect the citizens’ privacy. Thus, technologies that can improve road safety, mobility and sustainability can be implemented in the country.

The One-Stop Gyrification Station - Challenges and New Technologies

2021 ◽  
pp. 102111
Author(s):  
Ryan Alexander Hickmott ◽  
Abdulhameed Bosakhar ◽  
Sebastian Quezada Rojas ◽  
Mikaela Barresi ◽  
David Walker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
One Stop ◽  
The One

Hiding Data in Plain Sight: Towards Provably Unbreakable Encryption with Short Secret Keys and One-Way Functions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mircea-Adrian Digulescu
Keyword(s):  
Encryption Scheme ◽  
Secret Key ◽  
Small Probability ◽  
Random Data ◽  
Computing Power ◽  
Plain Text ◽  
Secret Keys ◽  
The One ◽  
One Way Function ◽  
The Cost

It has long been known that cryptographic schemes offering provably unbreakable security exist, namely the One Time Pad (OTP). The OTP, however, comes at the cost of a very long secret key - as long as the plain-text itself. In this paper we propose an encryption scheme which we (boldly) claim offers the same level of security as the OTP, while allowing for much shorter keys, of size polylogarithmic in the computing power available to the adversary. The Scheme requires a large sequence of truly random words, of length polynomial in the both plain-text size and the logarithm of the computing power the adversary has. We claim that it ensures such an attacker cannot discern the cipher output from random data, except with small probability. We also show how it can be adapted to allow for several plain-texts to be encrypted in the same cipher output, with almost independent keys. Also, we describe how it can be used in lieu of a One Way Function.

scholarly journals TECHNOLOGIES IN CREATIVE ECONOMY AND CREATIVE SOCIETY

2015 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 855-868 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomas KAČERAUSKAS
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Creative Industries ◽  
The Other ◽  
Creative Economy ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Political Media ◽  
The One ◽  
Media And Communication

The article deals with issues of technologies in the environment of creative economy and creative society, mostly focusing on the following topics: 1) invasion of technologies, which is accompanied by technical illiteracy or simplification of intellection presupposed by a certain technique (e.g. computers); 2) new technologies emerge in the environment dominated by consumption in order to boost consumption; 3) political, media and communication technologies are intertwined to the extent that allows us to speak about the technologized society; 4) technologies are inseparable from creative activities: on the one hand, development of technologies needs creativity, on the other hand, every branch of creative industries needs certain technologies; 5) technologic development is conditioned by their syncretism, i.e. their ability to serve the art (technē) of life and creative intentions; 6) in the creative society, happiness does not depend on constantly upgraded (i.e. consumed) technologies but is rather possible in spite of them; 7) unlimitedness is the greatest limitation of global technologies: unconnected with any existential region, they billow in the wind of ever newer technologies.

scholarly journals Economic and non-economic values and objectives in the EU’s international trade: Normative tensions, actors and processes

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Urszula Jaremba ◽  
Machiko Kanetake ◽  
Ingrid Koning
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Human Rights ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Economic Values ◽  
Trade Relations ◽  
Trade Law ◽  
Law And Policy ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
The One ◽  
The Impact

This Europe and the World: A law review special issue comprises selected papers presented at a RENFORCE workshop on the theme of tensions between the EU’s trade and non-economic values, held at Utrecht University in November 2017. The symposium addresses normative dilemmas underlying the EU’s trade law and policy. Normative dilemmas subsist between, on the one hand, the EU’s basic pursuit of its commercial interests and trade liberalization, and, on the other hand, the EU’s mandate to promote and safeguard a number of non-economic values, including human rights and sustainable development. The journal symposium aims to unveil normative tensions existing in the EU’s trade and investment policy, and understand some of the key actors and processes through which normative tensions are created and also mitigated. While the tensions between economic and non-economic values in the EU’s trade law and policy have been extensively discussed in literature, the present symposium highlights some of the recent developments in the EU’s trade relations, analyses not only human rights but also sustainable development, and examines the impact of new technologies.

scholarly journals New Challenges for a Collaborative Urban Planning: Digital Platform for Promoting Relationship Between Local Administration and Citizens in the City of Malaga

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 116
Author(s):  
Francisco Jose Chamizo Nieto ◽  
Nuria Nebot Gomez De Salazar ◽  
Carlos J. Rosa-Jimenez
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Citizen Participation ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Social Activism ◽  
Geographic Location ◽  
Digital Tool ◽  
Digital Platform ◽  
The One ◽  
Conventional Systems ◽  
The City

The most conventional systems in the Urban Planning practice leave out needs and real social demands through inefficient management models in many cases. Nowadays there is a social, professional and institutional demand to transform these models into new ways of thinking and planning the city that are closer to its inhabitants. In fact, there is a high social involvement of people that are helping or developing activities in favour of their local communities. However, this social activism is not visible nor recognised as the one made by regulated associations. Undoubtedly, the use of new technologies offers a framework of opportunity in these new ways of ”making the city”, as well as it becomes a new area of work and research.In this sense, there are many experiences that incorporate technology as a resource to promote citizen participation in the management of cities. However, only some of them are effective and achieve the goal of becoming a useful tool for citizens. In the city of Malaga, there are already some digital tools at the service of citizenship, although these require a process of revision and updating that allows optimizing existing resources and increasing their impact as a participation tool. As a first step, it is necessary to identify the agents and social initiatives of existing participation in the city.The objective of this project is to create an interactive digital platform that shows the city of Malaga from a real social perspective, as it makes visible and map the emerging non regulated movements, neighbourhood initiatives and new urban trends with low visibility. Finally, the aim is to create a tool for collectives, associations, administrations and other urban agents to promote synergies and relationships among all of them. The incorporation of all of them is essential for the success of the platform as a participation tool. For this, a methodology of actions is established, and it begins with the identification of possible agents and the way of interaction with each one of them. The digital tool that is used is based on the use of geographic location systems.This article collects the results of the first phase of the research project that includes a methodological proposal for mapping the real social activist reality in cities and a functional test of the digital platform created for this. Likewise, an evaluation of the experience and possible improvements to be incorporated in the successive phases of the project is advanced

scholarly journals Understanding Screaming Channels: From a Detailed Analysis to Improved Attacks

2020 ◽  
pp. 358-401
Author(s):  
Giovanni Camurati ◽  
Aurélien Francillon ◽  
François-Xavier Standaert
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Diversity ◽  
Low Noise ◽  
Security Evaluation ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Proof Of Concept ◽  
Wireless Devices ◽  
Side Channels ◽  
Security Evaluations ◽  
The One

Recently, some wireless devices have been found vulnerable to a novel class of side-channel attacks, called Screaming Channels. These leaks might appear if the sensitive leaks from the processor are unintentionally broadcast by a radio transmitter placed on the same chip. Previous work focuses on identifying the root causes, and on mounting an attack at a distance considerably larger than the one achievable with conventional electromagnetic side channels, which was demonstrated in the low-noise environment of an anechoic chamber. However, a detailed understanding of the leak, attacks that take full advantage of the novel vector, and security evaluations in more practical scenarios are still missing. In this paper, we conduct a thorough experimental analysis of the peculiar properties of Screaming Channels. For example, we learn about the coexistence of intended and unintended data, the role of distance and other parameters on the strength of the leak, the distortion of the leakmodel, and the portability of the profiles. With such insights, we build better attacks. We profile a device connected via cable with 10000·500 traces. Then, 5 months later, we attack a different instance at 15m in an office environment. We recover the AES-128 key with 5000·1000 traces and key enumeration up to 223. Leveraging spatial diversity, we mount some attacks in the presence of obstacles. As a first example of application to a real system, we show a proof-of-concept attack against the authentication method of Google Eddystone beacons. On the one side, this work lowers the bar for more realistic attacks, highlighting the importance of the novel attack vector. On the other side, it provides a broader security evaluation of the leaks, helping the defender and radio designers to evaluate risk, and the need of countermeasures.

scholarly journals Innovative technologies and living spaces; Updated living standards according to the evolution of homo sapiens

2020 ◽  
pp. 91-108
Author(s):  
Alp Karaca
Keyword(s):  
French Revolution ◽  
Social Life ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Homo Sapiens ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Living Standards ◽  
Innovative Technology ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Social Lives ◽  
The One

Homosapiens is the common family name for contemporary human beings. There are different kinds of homo species but the most recent one with the most improved abilities are human beings of the present era, who have adapted themselves to the new technologies and life conditions by improving themselves. The substantial improvements in technology started with the French Revolution in 1799. Initially, technology helped human beings in the production and industry sectors. Thereafter, in the 1990s, technology penetrated living spaces, firstly helping with household duties and then impacting social life, first with the radio and later with the television. Living spaces started to change through the organisation of spaces, and most houses were organised according to location reserved for the television. This is the biggest change brought about by technology in living spaces. The expectations of human beings were on the rise simultaneously with economic welfare and consumption-based demands. In the 2000s, phyisical limitations occurred, while expectations increased even more. These were constraints over time, materials and economy, and the solution came from technology via virtual reality and generated cyber spaces, which were without limits, economical and surpassed the built environments. Due to the lack of physical conditions, built envionments ceded their place to virtual living spaces and virtual cities. In the present study, data collection was undertaken via a study of innovations within living spaces and also via an observation of social lives within living spaces. The present article aims to present what can be foreseen, on the basis of cause and effect, concerning the impacts of the current evolution on the one hand and massive outbreaks of viruses on the other hand, the impacts on the physical spaces of the homosapiens species that have succeeded in adapting to all the changes that they have come across from their beginnings until the present era, the impacts that both phenomena will have on the current living standards and living spaces of humans and what changes human living spaces will undergo in the ongoing process of evolution. Human beings will continue renewing themselves throughout the said phenomena before concluding their process of evolution.   Keywords: Innovative, technology, living spaces, living standards, homosapiens.

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