scholarly journals Emergent Specialization in Biologically Inspired Collective Behavior Systems

2008 ◽  
pp. 215-253 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. S. Nitschke ◽  
M. C. Schut ◽  
A. E. Eiben
Keyword(s):  
Complex Adaptive Systems ◽  
Collective Behavior ◽  
Adaptive Systems ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Problem Solver ◽  
Biologically Inspired ◽  
Design Methodologies ◽  
Complex Adaptive ◽  
Optimal Efficiency ◽  
Behavior Systems

Specialization is observable in many complex adaptive systems and is thought by many to be a fundamental mechanism for achieving optimal efficiency within organizations operating within complex adaptive systems. This chapter presents a survey and critique of collective behavior systems designed using biologically inspired principles. Specifically, we are interested in collective behavior systems where specialization emerges as a result of system dynamics and where emergent specialization is used as a problem solver or means to increase task performance. The chapter presents an argument for developing design methodologies and principles that facilitate emergent specialization in collective behavior systems. Open problems of current research as well as future research directions are highlighted for the purpose of encouraging the development of such emergent specialization design methodologies.

scholarly journals Portfolios of Agile Projects

2018 ◽  
Vol 49 (6) ◽  
pp. 18-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger Sweetman ◽  
Kieran Conboy
Keyword(s):  
Portfolio Management ◽  
Complex Adaptive Systems ◽  
Adaptive Systems ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Project Portfolio ◽  
Expert Interviews ◽  
Current Thinking ◽  
Complex Adaptive ◽  
Traditional Approaches ◽  
Project Level

While agile approaches can be extremely effective at a project level, they can impose significant complexity and a need for adaptiveness at the project portfolio level. While this has proven to be highly problematic, there is little research on how to manage a set of agile projects at the project portfolio level. What limited research that does exist often assumes that portfolio-level agility can be achieved by simply scaling project level agile approaches such as Scrum. This study uses a complex adaptive systems lens, focusing specifically on the properties of projects as agents in a complex adaptive portfolio to critically appraise current thinking on portfolio management in an agile context. We then draw on a set of 30 expert interviews to develop 16 complex adaptive systems (CAS)-based propositions as to how portfolios of agile projects can be managed effectively. We also outline an agenda for future research and discuss the differences between a CAS-based approach to portfolio management and traditional approaches.

Designing Business Models for Creating and Capturing Shared Value

2017 ◽  
pp. 335-360
Author(s):  
Arash Najmaei ◽  
Zahra Sadeghinejad
Keyword(s):  
Complex Adaptive Systems ◽  
Value Chain ◽  
Adaptive Systems ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Shared Value ◽  
Sustainable Business ◽  
Creating Shared Value ◽  
Complex Adaptive

Business models define configurations of activities that jointly enable a firm to create and capture value. The value paradigm is shifting from sharing created value to creating shared value in which firms and societies jointly create and share value to nurture more benefits for a sustainable business-environment symbiosis. Drawing on this logic, we develop a framework for designing business models that enable creation and capture of shared value. Our model builds on the practice theory and activity system and depicts business models as complex adaptive systems that co-evolve with markets. Using the shared value framework proposed by Porter and Kramer (2011) we propose three design themes namely the Product-Market Design (PMD), the Value Chain Design (VCD) and the Social Cluster Design (SCD). We specify features of each school from the activity perspective. Subsequently, we will discuss implications of our framework for theory, practice and management education and illuminate some directions for future research.

scholarly journals Transdisciplinary Knowledge Producing Teams: Toward a Complex Systems Perspective

10.28945/4086 ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
pp. 051-074 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gaetano R Lotrecchiano ◽  
Shalini Misra
Keyword(s):  
Complexity Theory ◽  
Complex Adaptive Systems ◽  
Adaptive Systems ◽  
Knowledge Generation ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research Knowledge ◽  
Team Members ◽  
Complex Adaptive ◽  
Team Functioning ◽  
And Function

Aim/Purpose: Transdisciplinarity is considered as a framework for understanding knowledge producing teams (KPTs). Features of transdisciplinary knowledge producing teams (TDKPTs) are provided using a complex adaptive systems (CAS) lens. TDKPT features are defined and linked to complexity theory to show how team participants might develop skills that more truly express complex adaptive conditions. Background: TDKPTs are groups of stakeholder participants tasked with producing knowledge across disciplinary, sectoral, and ecological boundaries. TDKPTs reflect components of complex adaptive systems (CAS) and exemplify how CAS behave and function. Methodology: The paper accesses literature from the Science-of-Team-Science (SciTS), complexity theory, and systems theory to construct a typology of the features of TDKPTs. Contribution: This paper provides a list of features developed from a diverse body of literature useful for considering complexity within TDKPTs. Findings: The paper proposes a series of features of transdisciplinary knowledge producing teams. In addition, the authors identify important skill building aspects needed for TDKPTs to be successful. Recommendations for Practitioners: The paper provides a framework by which team functioning can be considered and enhanced within TDKPTs. Recommendation for Researchers: The paper suggests categorical features of transdisciplinary teams for research on the collaborative processes and outcomes of TD teams. Future Research: Knowledge producing team members need to engage in theoretical, episte-mological, and methodological reflections to elucidate the dynamic nature of TD knowledge producing teams. Understanding how conflict, dissonance, and reciprocal interdependencies contribute to knowledge generation are key areas of future research and inquiry.

scholarly journals Complexity and Evolution

2016 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Evolutionary Theory ◽  
Cultural Change ◽  
Complex Adaptive Systems ◽  
Adaptive Systems ◽  
Path Dependence ◽  
Evolutionary Process ◽  
Basins Of Attraction ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Complex Adaptive

Two widely heralded yet contested approaches to economics have emerged in recent years. One follows an older, rather neglected approach which emphasizes evolutionary theory in terms of individuals and institutions. The other emphasizes economies as complex adaptive systems. Important concepts from evolutionary theory include the distinction between proximate and ultimate causation, multilevel selection, cultural change as an evolutionary process, and human psychology as a product of gene–culture coevolution. Relevant concepts from complexity theory include self-organization, fractals, chaos, sensitive dependence, basins of attraction, and path dependence. This book explores these two bodies of theory and their potential impact on economics. Central themes include the challenges that emerge through integration, evolutionary behavioral economics, and the evolution of institutions. Practical applications are provided and avenues for future research highlighted.

scholarly journals Social Complex Adaptive System: From Introduction to Several Scientific Conjectures

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-66
Author(s):  
Xiaojing ZHENG ◽  
Wenhui MA ◽  
Cuiping SUN ◽  
Jiaqi WANG
Keyword(s):  
Complex Adaptive Systems ◽  
Collective Behavior ◽  
Adaptive Systems ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Adaptive System ◽  
Complex Adaptive System ◽  
Stochastic Dynamic ◽  
Irrational Behavior ◽  
Complex Adaptive ◽  
And Behavior

Social system is full of complexity, of stochastic dynamic, of criticality, of random diversity and of irrationality, which makes corresponding results hardly to be discovered. In this paper, we focus on drawing a conclusion of the invariant distribution of collective irrational behavior and the characteristics of critical phase transition in the process of system emergence due to the interaction between individuals. We also care about, if several order parameters of the system or environment changes, how the law of the collective behavior state and evolution state would change. Based on our analysis, seven preset conclusions in the aspects of local structure, individual properties and behavior, interaction rules, and environmental changes in complex adaptive systems are proposed.

scholarly journals Reports of the AAAI 2009 Fall Symposia

AI Magazine ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 88
Author(s):  
Roger Azevedo ◽  
Trevor Bench-Capon ◽  
Gautam Biswas ◽  
Ted Carmichael ◽  
Nancy Green ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Complex Adaptive Systems ◽  
Adaptive Systems ◽  
Threshold Effect ◽  
Educational Systems ◽  
Cognitive Architectures ◽  
Biologically Inspired ◽  
Symposium Series ◽  
Complex Adaptive ◽  
Computational Argumentation

The Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence was pleased to present the 2009 Fall Symposium Series, held Thursday through Saturday, November 5–7, at the Westin Arlington Gateway in Arlington, Virginia. The Symposium Series was preceded on Wednesday, November 4 by a one-day AI funding seminar. The titles of the seven symposia were as follows: (1) Biologically Inspired Cognitive Architectures, (2) Cognitive and Metacognitive Educational Systems, (3) Complex Adaptive Systems and the Threshold Effect: Views from the Natural and Social Sciences, (4) Manifold Learning and Its Applications, (5) Multirepresentational Architectures for Human-Level Intelligence, (6) The Uses of Computational Argumentation, and (7) Virtual Healthcare Interaction.

Designing Business Models for Creating and Capturing Shared Value

2016 ◽  
pp. 40-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arash Najmaei ◽  
Zahra Sadeghinejad
Keyword(s):  
Complex Adaptive Systems ◽  
Value Chain ◽  
Adaptive Systems ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Shared Value ◽  
Sustainable Business ◽  
Creating Shared Value ◽  
Complex Adaptive

Business models define configurations of activities that jointly enable a firm to create and capture value. The value paradigm is shifting from sharing created value to creating shared value in which firms and societies jointly create and share value to nurture more benefits for a sustainable business-environment symbiosis. Drawing on this logic, we develop a framework for designing business models that enable creation and capture of shared value. Our model builds on the practice theory and activity system and depicts business models as complex adaptive systems that co-evolve with markets. Using the shared value framework proposed by Porter and Kramer (2011) we propose three design themes namely the Product-Market Design (PMD), the Value Chain Design (VCD) and the Social Cluster Design (SCD). We specify features of each school from the activity perspective. Subsequently, we will discuss implications of our framework for theory, practice and management education and illuminate some directions for future research.

Crisis Management and Recovery for Events Issues and Directions (Vassilios Ziakas, Vladimir Antchak and Donald Getz)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vassilios Ziakas ◽  
Vladimir Antchak ◽  
Donald Getz
Keyword(s):  
Structural Change ◽  
Crisis Management ◽  
Complex Adaptive Systems ◽  
Adaptive Systems ◽  
Future Research ◽  
New Normal ◽  
Integrative Framework ◽  
Management Perspective ◽  
Complex Adaptive

The landscape of the event sector is dramatically changing as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic crisis. The crisis has accelerated structural change and aggravated the instability of what has traditionally been a highly volatile, disruptive and erratic sector. Crises are becoming the new normal. The probability of the advent of further crises should be considered and carefully evaluated by the event industry and the entire visitor economy sector. It is critical for event organizers and host communities to learn how to cooperate and manage their events under conditions of constant or episodic crises and turbulence. A holistic mindset in crisis management needs to be developed to create tools and strategies for enabling the effective adaptability, recovery, and resilience of events. In this concluding chapter, we outline the pillars of a holistic crisis management perspective that makes use of complex adaptive systems, event portfolio and resilience theories. We encapsulate major issues in the crisis management of events and put forward an integrative framework that brings together crucial elements and processes. Finally, we discuss key trends and transformations of the sector, and in this context, suggest directions for future research.

scholarly journals Effectual Networks as Complex Adaptive Systems: Exploring Dynamic and Structural Factors of Emergence

2019 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 964-995 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamara Galkina ◽  
Irina Atkova
Keyword(s):  
Complexity Theory ◽  
Complex Adaptive Systems ◽  
Adaptive Systems ◽  
Empirical Work ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Structural Factors ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Complex Adaptive ◽  
Process System

The notion of effectual networks is one of the central concepts in the effectuation research. However, there has been little conceptual and empirical work on how they emerge and what structures they have. This article incorporates the concept of complex adaptive systems from complexity theory to understand both their dynamic and structural elements. We examine the effectual networks and networking of 10 startups from Finland and offer a process-system model of effectual networks. We derive propositions that connect dynamic and structural entrepreneur-related factors of their emergence and outline directions for future research at the intersection of effectuation and complexity theory.

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