Enabling Programmable Ubiquitous Computing Environments

2011 ◽  
pp. 117-149
Author(s):  
Christine Julien ◽  
Sanem Kabadayi
Keyword(s):  
Pervasive Computing ◽  
Local Environment ◽  
Physical World ◽  
Application Development ◽  
Local Data ◽  
Domain Experts ◽  
Programming Abstractions ◽  
Rapid Deployment ◽  
Ubiquitous Computing Environments ◽  
Programming Interface

Emerging pervasive computing scenarios involve client applications that dynamically collect information directly from the local environment. The sophisticated distribution and dynamics involved in these applications place an increased burden on developers that create applications for these environments. The heightened desire for rapid deployment of a wide variety of pervasive computing applications demands a new approach to application development in which domain experts with minimal programming expertise are empowered to rapidly construct and deploy domainspecific applications. This chapter introduces the DAIS (Declarative Applications in Immersive Sensor networks) middleware that abstracts a heterogeneous and dynamic pervasive computing environment into intuitive and accessible programming constructs. At the programming interface level, this requires exposing some aspects of the physical world to the developer, and DAIS accomplishes this through a suite of novel programming abstractions that enable on-demand access to dynamic local data sources. A fundamental component of the model is a hierarchical view of pervasive computing middleware that allows devices with differing capabilities to support differing amounts of functionality. This chapter reports on our design of the DAIS middleware and highlights the abstractions, the programming interface, and the reification of the middleware on a heterogeneous combination of client devices and resource-constrained sensors.

Enabling Programmable Ubiquitous Computing Environments

2009 ◽  
pp. 2708-2734
Author(s):  
Christine Julien ◽  
Sanem Kabadayi
Keyword(s):  
Pervasive Computing ◽  
Local Environment ◽  
Physical World ◽  
Application Development ◽  
Local Data ◽  
Domain Experts ◽  
Domain Specific ◽  
Programming Abstractions ◽  
Rapid Deployment ◽  
Programming Interface

Emerging pervasive computing scenarios involve client applications that dynamically collect information directly from the local environment. The sophisticated distribution and dynamics involved in these applications place an increased burden on developers that create applications for these environments. The heightened desire for rapid deployment of a wide variety of pervasive computing applications demands a new approach to application development in which domain experts with minimal programming expertise are empowered to rapidly construct and deploy domain-specific applications. This chapter introduces the DAIS (Declarative Applications in Immersive Sensor networks) middleware that abstracts a heterogeneous and dynamic pervasive computing environment into intuitive and accessible programming constructs. At the programming interface level, this requires exposing some aspects of the physical world to the developer, and DAIS accomplishes this through a suite of novel programming abstractions that enable on-demand access to dynamic local data sources. A fundamental component of the model is a hierarchical view of pervasive computing middleware that allows devices with differing capabilities to support differing amounts of functionality. This chapter reports on our design of the DAIS middleware and highlights the abstractions, the programming interface, and the reification of the middleware on a heterogeneous combination of client devices and resource-constrained sensors.

scholarly journals A Review of Recent Deep Learning Approaches in Human-Centered Machine Learning

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (7) ◽  
pp. 2514
Author(s):  
Tharindu Kaluarachchi ◽  
Andrew Reis ◽  
Suranga Nanayakkara
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Deep Learning ◽  
Review Paper ◽  
Learning Systems ◽  
Learning Approaches ◽  
Application Development ◽  
Research Gaps ◽  
Domain Experts ◽  
Working Definition ◽  
Real World Application

After Deep Learning (DL) regained popularity recently, the Artificial Intelligence (AI) or Machine Learning (ML) field is undergoing rapid growth concerning research and real-world application development. Deep Learning has generated complexities in algorithms, and researchers and users have raised concerns regarding the usability and adoptability of Deep Learning systems. These concerns, coupled with the increasing human-AI interactions, have created the emerging field that is Human-Centered Machine Learning (HCML). We present this review paper as an overview and analysis of existing work in HCML related to DL. Firstly, we collaborated with field domain experts to develop a working definition for HCML. Secondly, through a systematic literature review, we analyze and classify 162 publications that fall within HCML. Our classification is based on aspects including contribution type, application area, and focused human categories. Finally, we analyze the topology of the HCML landscape by identifying research gaps, highlighting conflicting interpretations, addressing current challenges, and presenting future HCML research opportunities.

Who Am I?

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-32
Author(s):  
Natã M. Barbosa ◽  
Gang Wang ◽  
Blase Ur ◽  
Yang Wang
Keyword(s):  
Pervasive Computing ◽  
Physical World ◽  
Web Browsing ◽  
Privacy Concerns ◽  
Internet Users ◽  
Profiling Techniques ◽  
Positive Experiences ◽  
Field Deployment ◽  
Incremental Construction ◽  
And Control

To enable targeted ads, companies profile Internet users, automatically inferring potential interests and demographics. While current profiling centers on users' web browsing data, smartphones and other devices with rich sensing capabilities portend profiling techniques that draw on methods from ubiquitous computing. Unfortunately, even existing profiling and ad-targeting practices remain opaque to users, engendering distrust, resignation, and privacy concerns. We hypothesized that making profiling visible at the time and place it occurs might help users better understand and engage with automatically constructed profiles. To this end, we built a technology probe that surfaces the incremental construction of user profiles from both web browsing and activities in the physical world. The probe explores transparency and control of profile construction in real time. We conducted a two-week field deployment of this probe with 25 participants. We found that increasing the visibility of profiling helped participants anticipate how certain actions can trigger specific ads. Participants' desired engagement with their profile differed in part based on their overall attitudes toward ads. Furthermore, participants expected algorithms would automatically determine when an inference was inaccurate, no longer relevant, or off-limits. Current techniques typically do not do this. Overall, our findings suggest that leveraging opportunistic moments within pervasive computing to engage users with their own inferred profiles can create more trustworthy and positive experiences with targeted ads.

scholarly journals Integrating Historical Person Registers as Linked Open Data in the WarSampo Knowledge Graph

2020 ◽  
pp. 118-126
Author(s):  
Mikko Koho ◽  
Petri Leskinen ◽  
Eero Hyvönen
Keyword(s):  
Data Integration ◽  
Record Linkage ◽  
Open Data ◽  
Knowledge Graph ◽  
Distributed Data ◽  
Application Development ◽  
Named Entities ◽  
Domain Experts ◽  
World War 2 ◽  
Semantic Data

Abstract Semantic data integration from heterogeneous, distributed data silos enables Digital Humanities research and application development employing a larger, mutually enriched and interlinked knowledge graph. However, data integration is challenging, involving aligning the data models and reconciling the concepts and named entities, such as persons and places. This paper presents a record linkage process to reconcile person references in different military historical person registers with structured metadata. The information about persons is aggregated into a single knowledge graph. The process was applied to reconcile three person registers of the popular semantic portal “WarSampo – Finnish World War 2 on the Semantic Web”. The registers contain detailed information about some 100 000 people and are individually maintained by domain experts. Thus, the integration process needs to be automatic and adaptable to changes in the registers. An evaluation of the record linkage results is promising and provides some insight into military person register reconciliation in general.

Representing and reasoning with situations for context-aware pervasive computing: a logic programming perspective

2004 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 213-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
SENG W LOKE
Keyword(s):  
Logic Programming ◽  
Pervasive Computing ◽  
Contextual Information ◽  
Physical World ◽  
Context Aware ◽  
Pervasive Systems ◽  
Computational Environment ◽  
Meta Programming ◽  
Context Aware System ◽  
High Level

Context-aware pervasive systems are emerging as an important class of applications. Such systems can respond intelligently to contextual information about the physical world acquired via sensors and information about the computational environment. A declarative approach to building context-aware pervasive systems is presented, and the notion of the situation program is introduced, which highlights the primacy of the situation abstraction for building context-aware pervasive systems. There is also a demonstration of how to manipulate situation programs using meta-programming within an extension of the Prolog logic programming language which is called LogicCAP. Such meta-reasoning enables complex situations to be described in terms of other situations. Furthermore, a discussion is given on how the design of situation programs can affect the properties of a context-aware system. The approach encourages a high-level of abstraction for representing and reasoning with situations, and supports building context-aware systems incrementally by providing modularity and separation of concerns.

Design and Implementation of Middleware for Wireless Sensor Networks

2014 ◽  
Vol 530-531 ◽  
pp. 19-22
Author(s):  
Biao Dong
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Software Development ◽  
Application Programming Interface ◽  
Basic Function ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Application Development ◽  
Runtime Support ◽  
Application Programming ◽  
Programming Interface

Middleware supports programming abstract which facilitate the programmer task and bridge the gap between the application and the hardware. Middleware for wireless sensor networks (WSNs) can help bridge the gap and remove impediments. This paper designs GWSN, a middleware WSNs, whose architecture is composed of runtime support, application development kits, and software development kits. Runtime support in GWSN is the core of WSNs middleware and supports executing and maintenance of WSNs applications. Application development kits includes many basic function kits, such as display editor, rule editor, and workflow editor, which support the application development of WSNs. Software development kits provides easy-to-use application programming interface.

scholarly journals Vulca Loc: A Mobile Application for Finding Vulcanizing Shops embedding GPS

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 648-652
Keyword(s):  
Global Positioning System ◽  
Mobile Application ◽  
Application Programming Interface ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Application Development ◽  
Rapid Application Development ◽  
Global Positioning ◽  
Application Programming ◽  
Programming Interface ◽  
Significant Support

This paper discusses the ideas and process of developing a mobile locator application for Vulcanizing Shops in Siargao Island with Global Positioning System (GPS) and Google Map Application Programming Interface (API). This mobile application is an innovation tool to show the location, availability and services of the vehicle services shops available in the island to ease the hassle of the tourists with vehicle errors. It also provides shortest possible route method that includes relevant information about the services of the shops. The study adopts the Rapid Application Development model and used ISO 9126 to evaluate the application in terms of usability (4.37), functionality (4.13) and Maintainability (4.20). Therefore, the application is certain to provide a significant support to the local and foreign tourists; therefore, providing an accurate and hassle time-free locating a vulcanizing shops.

scholarly journals 3D Sketching and Flexible Input for Surface Design: A Case Study

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Anamary Leal ◽  
Doug A. Bowman
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Physical World ◽  
Design System ◽  
3D Interaction ◽  
Surface Design ◽  
Domain Experts ◽  
3D Surface ◽  
Modeling Software ◽  
Interactive Surface

Designing three-dimensional (3D) surfaces is difficult in both the physical world and in 3D modeling software, requiring background knowledge and skill. The goal of this work is to make 3D surface design easier and more accessible through natural and tangible 3D interaction, taking advantage of users' proprioceptive senses to help them understand 3D position, orientation, size, and shape. We hypothesize that flexible input based on fabric may be suitable for 3D surface design, because it can be molded and folded into a desired shape, and because it can be used as a dynamic flexible brush for 3D sketching. Fabric3D, an interactive surface design system based on 3D sketching with flexible input, explored this hypothesis. Through a longitudinal five-part study in which three domain experts used Fabric3D, we gained insight into the use of flexible input and 3D sketching for surface design in various domains.

A policy-based middleware for context-aware pervasive computing

2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehdia Ajana El Khaddar ◽  
Mhammed Chraibi ◽  
Hamid Harroud ◽  
Mohammed Boulmalf ◽  
Mohammed Elkoutbi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ubiquitous Computing ◽  
Pervasive Computing ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Contextual Information ◽  
Context Aware ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Heterogeneous Devices ◽  
Computing Environments ◽  
Physical Spaces ◽  
Ubiquitous Computing Environments

Purpose – This paper aims to demonstrate that a policy-based middleware solution which facilitates the development of context-aware applications and the integration of the heterogeneous devices should be provided for ubiquitous computing environments. Ubiquitous computing targets the provision of seamless services and applications by providing an environment that involves a variety of devices having different capabilities. These applications help transforming the physical spaces into computationally active and smart environments. The design of applications in these environments needs to consider the heterogeneous devices, applications preferences and rapidly changing contexts. The applications, therefore, need to be context-aware so that they can adapt to different situations in real-time. Design/methodology/approach – In this paper, we argue that a policy-based middleware solution that facilitates the development of context-aware applications and the integration of the heterogeneous devices should be provided for ubiquitous computing environments. The middleware allows applications to track items and acquire contextual information about them easily, reason about this information captured using different logics and then adapt to changing contexts. A key issue in these environments is to allow heterogeneous applications to express their business rules once, and get the preferred data once they are captured by the middleware without any intervention from the application side. Findings – Our middleware tackles this problem by using policies to define the different applications’ rules and preferences. These policies can specify rules about the middleware services to be used, type of data captured, devices used, user roles, context information and any other type of conditions. Originality/value – In this paper, we propose the design of a flexible and performant ubiquitous computing, and context-aware middleware called FlexRFID along with its evaluation results.

Ontology Based Expert System for Pests and Disease Management of Cotton Crop in India

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 32-49
Author(s):  
Mahesh D. Titiya ◽  
Vipul A. Shah
Keyword(s):  
Web Services ◽  
Soil Health ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Weather Data ◽  
Application Development ◽  
Domain Experts ◽  
Related Data ◽  
Main Challenge ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Restful Web Services

In the agricultural domain, the main challenge is to present the new information and research to the farmers so that they can leverage the power of technologies to improve their agricultural practices and thereby the production. Huge amounts of agriculture-related data like weather data, soil health records, disease and pest are collected from different sources like web services, remote satellites, and a network of sensors. The authors' ontology-based agro advisory system will help to bridge the gap between farmers and the agriculture domain experts. It has three main components: Cotton Ontology, Web services and Mobile Application Development. Protégé tool is used to develop ontology. The RESTful web services are programmed in Java using the JAX-RS/Jersey API and Eclipse IDE. RESTful web services are all developed and deployed on a cloud-based application server provided by Heroku. The farmers can access an application by android mobile. The Android user interface is created using Java, Android SDK-v1.4 and Eclipse IDE.

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