scholarly journals Public Opinion and the Internet

2009 ◽  
pp. 1194-1199
Author(s):  
Peter Murphy
Keyword(s):  
Public Opinion ◽  
Free Speech ◽  
Document Delivery ◽  
Networked Computing ◽  
The Public Sphere ◽  
Laws And Policies ◽  
Long Term Impact ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The Web

The development of the “World Wide Web” has had a significant impact on the formation of public opinion in democratic societies. This impact, though, has not been exactly that predicted by early 1990’s prophets of the Web, who expected a decentralization of traditional mass media. If anything, the easy accessibility of the Web-enabled Internet (hereafter, “the Net”) has extended the audience reach of traditional network media. Despite this, the Net is fundamentally changing the nature of public opinion. One should be wary of thinking of this change as a technology-enabled extension of the 19th-century liberal public. In the liberal view, the Net is a difficult- to-control free speech medium. It engenders a babble of voices devoted to persuading citizens and governments of the merits and otherwise of laws and policies. Because the Web’s infrastructure of servers is global, dictatorial, or even legal, control of it is difficult to achieve. This is especially true for governments that want to encourage the pragmatic benefits of computermediated commerce. Yet, to see the Net simply as a free-speech medium does not do full justice to its nature. It began life as a powerful document delivery system, and, in important ways, its long-term impact on public opinion derives from that fact. The Web leveraged existing inter-networked computing to enable a new way of creating, collecting, storing, transforming, and disseminating documents and information objects. The frothy activity of instant commentary and interest group campaigning that the Net facilitates disguises the extent to which the logic of the public sphere is undergoing a long-term paradigmatic shift shaped by its origins as a document archive.

Public Opinion on the Web: The Arab Listeners of the BBC

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haidar Moukdad
Keyword(s):  
Public Opinion ◽  
Free Speech ◽  
Discussion Forum ◽  
The Web

Sample contributions by Arab contributors to a discussion forum were analyzed to study the role of the Web in promoting free speech and demystifying long held views of Arab public opinion. The findings of the study highlight the importance of the role played by the Web in promoting free speech among traditionally repressed populations, and provide insights that will help in correcting misconceptions about Arab public opinion.Un échantillonnage d’interventions par des participants arabes à un forum de discussion a été analysé afin d’étudier le rôle du Web dans le développement de la liberté de parole et la démystification des préjugés concernant l’opinion publique arabe. Les résultats de l’étude mettent en lumière l’importance du rôle joué par le Web dans le développement de la liberté de parole parmi les populations traditionnellement réprimées et offrent des idées qui aideront à corriger les idées préconçues concernant l’opinion publique arabe. 

scholarly journals The Impact of State Party Elite Ideology

1994 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 304-327 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerald C. Wright ◽  
Robert S. Erikson ◽  
John P. McIver
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Public Opinion ◽  
State Policy ◽  
State Politics ◽  
Spatial Theory ◽  
State Party ◽  
Party Elites ◽  
Long Term Impact ◽  
The Impact

This study looks at the impact of state party elite ideology in American state politics. Drawing on the spatial theory of Anthony Downs, we develop hypotheses first to explain the non-convergence of candidates. Party elites are ideologically distinct, influential and strongly policy motivated. They are a force pulling candidates away from the average voter in varying degrees across the states. Second, elites influence public policy. Although the single greatest influence on the general liberalism- conservatism of state policy is public opinion, the ideological tendencies of the party elites have an important added impact. Finally, we examine the long-term impact of party elite ideology on state partisanship. We find that ideological extremism loses party identifiers; across the states, the ideological tendencies of party elites, relative to public opinion, is an important influence on state partisanship. Party elites, particularly the policy motivated activists, are an important force shaping politics in the states.

scholarly journals A Unified Fuzzy-Based Symmetrical Multi-Criteria Decision-Making Method for Evaluating Sustainable-Security of Web Applications

Symmetry ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 448 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alka Agrawal ◽  
Mamdouh Alenezi ◽  
Rajeev Kumar ◽  
Raees Ahmad Khan
Keyword(s):  
Web Application ◽  
Web Applications ◽  
Fuzzy Ahp ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Sustainability Evaluation ◽  
Analytic Hierarchy ◽  
Long Term Impact ◽  
Hierarchy Process ◽  
The Web

Although security is an integral aspect of any web application’s growth, sustainability is also a pivotal factor in maintaining the web application. It is clear that the software industry aims to develop different methods and initiatives for achieving high security while maintaining high sustainability. Unfortunately, web application protection is useless if the sustainability is low. Thus, the present day need calls for innovation in developing web applications that afford sustainable-security to the users. By improving sustainability along with web application protection, underlying security and sustainability attributes play a vital role in determining the symmetrical effect of the sustainability and security attribute to achieve the best outcome. Sustainability evaluation, therefore, uses security and sustainability qualities to achieve the desired sustainability security solutions. In this study, ten consecutive versions of two web applications were used to determine symmetrical sustainability. The authors used the Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (Fuzzy-AHP) mechanism to determine sustainability goals and long-term impact. Furthermore, the effect of security on sustainability is assessed, and vice versa. The findings in the paper will prove to be valuable for improving sustainability of the web application.

scholarly journals National Policies for Women Empowerment: The Impact of Policy on Women Unemployment Rate in Saudi Arabia 2010-2019

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 81
Author(s):  
Shabbab Alotaibi
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Labor Market ◽  
Unemployment Rate ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Women Empowerment ◽  
National Policies ◽  
Laws And Policies ◽  
Long Term Impact ◽  
The Impact

This paper aims to explore the impact of national policies that are directed toward women empowerment in Saudi Arabia. The study focuses primarily on the impact that these policies had on women unemployment rate from the period of 2010 to 2019. During this period, the Saudi government issued multiple laws and policies to ensure a positive impact on women participation in labor market. This study assesses the short-term impact of each policy to understand the effect of policy on women’s participation in labor force. The results of this study show that there was a slight increase in women’s participation in labor market. However, we recommend that further studies should be conducted to study the long-term impact on women’s unemployment rate.

scholarly journals Early evidence of the impact of preindustrial fishing on fish stocks from the mid-west and southeast coastal fisheries of Scotland in the 19th century

2015 ◽  
Vol 73 (5) ◽  
pp. 1404-1414 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Jones ◽  
Alison Cathcart ◽  
Douglas C. Speirs
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Fishing Effort ◽  
Ecosystem Change ◽  
Catch Per Unit Effort ◽  
The North ◽  
Mixed Approach ◽  
Long Term Impact ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The Impact

Abstract In recent years, historical ecologists have turned their attention to the long-term impact of fishing on coastal marine ecosystems in the North Atlantic. Through the examination of non-traditional sources, scientists and scholars are beginning to piece together a clearer picture of ecosystem change over centuries of anthropogenic influence. One aspect of this long-term approach is that data are being recovered from some surprising sources, and, when placed alongside other evidence, are being used to create models of change through time where previously none would have been thought possible. Taking its lead from this work, our research takes a mixed approach to the history of Scotland's regional fisheries in the 19th century, combining the anecdotal evidence of fishers to parliamentary commissions of enquiry with data relating to landings and fishing effort which were gathered by the United Kingdom Fishery Board from 1809 onwards. As a result, it has been possible to calculate catch per unit effort (cpue) for the period between 1845 and the mid-1880s which, when placed alongside the direct evidence of fishers, lead to some unexpected conclusions. In particular, we demonstrate that inshore stocks of commercial whitefish appear to have been in decline by the mid-1850s in some areas, many years before the widespread adoption of beam trawling in Scotland; and we conclude that the most likely reason for this decline is the rapid intensification of fishing from open boats using the traditional techniques of handlines and longlines.

Crisis Phones - Suicide Prevention Versus Suggestion/Contagion Effects

Crisis ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 220-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven Stack
Keyword(s):  
Suicide Prevention ◽  
Contagion Effects ◽  
Long Term Impact

Abstract. Background: There has been no systematic work on the short- or long-term impact of the installation of crisis phones on suicides from bridges. The present study addresses this issue. Method: Data refer to 219 suicides from 1954 through 2013 on the Skyway Bridge in St. Petersburg, Florida. Six crisis phones with signs were installed in July 1999. Results: In the first decade after installation, the phones were used by 27 suicidal persons and credited with preventing 26 or 2.6 suicides a year. However, the net suicide count increased from 48 in the 13 years before installation of phones to 106 the following 13 years or by 4.5 additional suicides/year (t =3.512, p < .001). Conclusion: Although the phones prevented some suicides, there was a net increase after installation. The findings are interpreted with reference to suggestion/contagion effects including the emergence of a controversial bridge suicide blog.

Long-Term Impact of Participation in the Adolescent Diversion Project

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jenna L. Claes ◽  
Sean S. Hankins ◽  
J. K. Ford
Keyword(s):  
Long Term Impact

966-P: The Long-Term Impact of a Flash Glucose Monitoring System on Glycemic Control

Diabetes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 68 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 966-P
Author(s):  
ATSUSHI FUJIYA ◽  
TOSHIKI KIYOSE ◽  
TAIGA SHIBATA ◽  
HIROSHI SOBAJIMA
Keyword(s):  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Monitoring System ◽  
Glucose Monitoring ◽  
Flash Glucose Monitoring ◽  
Long Term Impact ◽  
Flash Glucose Monitoring System
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