Web Usability

Interest Group ◽

Personal Computer ◽

User Interfaces ◽

User Satisfaction ◽

Ease Of Use ◽

Human Interaction ◽

Computing Machinery ◽

The study of computing technology and user interfaces was initiated during the 1970s when industrial research laboratories began to focus on human-computer interaction (HCI) (Badre, 2002). In the 1980s, the personal computer was introduced, thus expanding the need for designing effective user interfaces. HCI became a discipline during this time, and the Association for Computing Machinery (ACM) established the Special Interest Group in Computer Human Interaction. One of the first textbooks on HCI, Designing the User Interface: Strategies for Effective Human-Computer Interaction (Schneiderman, 19891), was published. Shortly thereafter, HCI became part of the ACM curriculum promoting the development of effective user interfaces. Software tools were developed in order to assist in designing usable interfaces while employing usability engineering methods. Many of these methods focused on usability from the perspective of ease of use, ease of learning, user satisfaction, and zero defects (Nielsen, 1993).

ISO Human-Computer Interaction Standards: Finding Them and What They Contain

Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting ◽

10.1177/1071181320641090 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 64 (1) ◽

pp. 400-404

Author(s):

Paul Green

Keyword(s):

Systems Engineering ◽

User Interfaces ◽

Task Force ◽

Technical Committee ◽

International Standards ◽

Human System ◽

International Standards Organization ◽

Browsing Tool ◽

An HFES Task Force is considering if, when, and which, HFES research publications should require the citation of relevant standards, policies, and practices to help translate research into practice. To support the Task Force activities, papers and reports are being written about how to find relevant standards produced by various organizations (e.g., the International Standards Organization, ISO) and the content of those standards. This paper describes the human-computer interaction standards being produced by ISO/IEC Joint Technical Committee 1 (Information Technology). Subcommittees 7 (Software and Systems Engineering) and 35 (User Interfaces), and Technical Committee 159, Subcommittee 4 (Ergonomics of Human-System Interaction), in particular, the contents of the ISO 9241 series and the ISO 2506x series. Also included are instructions on how to find standards using the ISO Browsing Tool and Technical Committee listings, and references to other materials on finding standards and standards-related teaching materials.

Risk Issues in Developing Novel User Interfaces for Human-Computer Interaction

Risk - A Multidisciplinary Introduction ◽

10.1007/978-3-319-04486-6_15 ◽

2014 ◽

pp. 407-439

Author(s):

Gudrun Klinker ◽

Manuel Huber ◽

Marcus Tönnis

Keyword(s):

User Interfaces ◽

The Impact of a Location-Sensing Electronic Health Record on Clinician Efficiency and Accuracy: A Pilot Simulation Study

Applied Clinical Informatics ◽

10.1055/s-0038-1675812 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 09 (04) ◽

pp. 841-848

Author(s):

Kevin King ◽

John Quarles ◽

Vaishnavi Ravi ◽

Tanvir Chowdhury ◽

Donia Friday ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Patient Safety ◽

Pilot Study ◽

Real Time ◽

Identification Accuracy ◽

Patient Identification ◽

Location Services ◽

Electronic Health ◽

The Impact ◽

Background Through the Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health Act of 2009, the federal government invested $26 billion in electronic health records (EHRs) to improve physician performance and patient safety; however, these systems have not met expectations. One of the cited issues with EHRs is the human–computer interaction, as exhibited by the excessive number of interactions with the interface, which reduces clinician efficiency. In contrast, real-time location systems (RTLS)—technologies that can track the location of people and objects—have been shown to increase clinician efficiency. RTLS can improve patient flow in part through the optimization of patient verification activities. However, the data collected by RTLS have not been effectively applied to optimize interaction with EHR systems. Objectives We conducted a pilot study with the intention of improving the human–computer interaction of EHR systems by incorporating a RTLS. The aim of this study is to determine the impact of RTLS on process metrics (i.e., provider time, number of rooms searched to find a patient, and the number of interactions with the computer interface), and the outcome metric of patient identification accuracy Methods A pilot study was conducted in a simulated emergency department using a locally developed camera-based RTLS-equipped EHR that detected the proximity of subjects to simulated patients and displayed patient information when subjects entered the exam rooms. Ten volunteers participated in 10 patient encounters with the RTLS activated (RTLS-A) and then deactivated (RTLS-D). Each volunteer was monitored and actions recorded by trained observers. We sought a 50% improvement in time to locate patients, number of rooms searched to locate patients, and the number of mouse clicks necessary to perform those tasks. Results The time required to locate patients (RTLS-A = 11.9 ± 2.0 seconds vs. RTLS-D = 36.0 ± 5.7 seconds, p < 0.001), rooms searched to find patient (RTLS-A = 1.0 ± 1.06 vs. RTLS-D = 3.8 ± 0.5, p < 0.001), and number of clicks to access patient data (RTLS-A = 1.0 ± 0.06 vs. RTLS-D = 4.1 ± 0.13, p < 0.001) were significantly reduced with RTLS-A relative to RTLS-D. There was no significant difference between RTLS-A and RTLS-D for patient identification accuracy. Conclusion This pilot demonstrated in simulation that an EHR equipped with real-time location services improved performance in locating patients and reduced error compared with an EHR without RTLS. Furthermore, RTLS decreased the number of mouse clicks required to access information. This study suggests EHRs equipped with real-time location services that automates patient location and other repetitive tasks may improve physician efficiency, and ultimately, patient safety.

Adapting the unified software development process for user interface development

Computer Science and Information Systems ◽

10.2298/csis0601033o ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 33-52 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Zeljko Obrenovic ◽

Dusan Starcevic

Keyword(s):

User Interface ◽

User Interfaces ◽

Multimodal Interfaces ◽

Software Developers ◽

Software Engineers ◽

Unified Process ◽

Uml Models ◽

In this paper we describe how existing software developing processes, such as Rational Unified Process, can be adapted in order to allow disciplined and more efficient development of user interfaces. The main objective of this paper is to demonstrate that standard modeling environments, based on the UML, can be adapted and efficiently used for user interfaces development. We have integrated the HCI knowledge into developing processes by semantically enriching the models created in each of the process activities of the process. By using UML, we can make easier use of HCI knowledge for ordinary software engineers who, usually, are not familiar with results of HCI researches, so these results can have broader and more practical effects. By providing a standard means for representing human computer interaction, we can seamlessly transfer UML models of multimodal interfaces between design and specialized analysis tools. Standardization provides a significant driving force for further progress because it codifies best practices enables and encourages reuse, and facilitates inter working between complementary tools. Proposed solutions can be valuable for software developers, who can improve quality of user interfaces and their communication with user interface designers, as well as for human computer interaction researchers, who can use standard methods to include their results into software developing processes.

Advances in Marketing, Customer Relationship Management, and E-Services - Handbook of Research on Managing and Influencing Consumer Behavior ◽

Human-Computer Interaction in Consumer Behaviour

10.4018/978-1-4666-6547-7.ch017 ◽

2015 ◽

pp. 397-416

Author(s):

Rocco Servidio ◽

Barry Davies ◽

Kevin Hapeshi

Keyword(s):

Virtual Environments ◽

User Interfaces ◽

Information Needs ◽

Consumer Behaviour ◽

Future Research ◽

Interactive Technologies ◽

Digital Environments ◽

Retail Services ◽

Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) studies play an important role in the design, implementation, and evaluation of a new generation of graphical user interfaces designed to support consumer behaviours and information needs. In recent years, the spread of new virtual environments and innovative tools have revolutionized the field of e-commerce. Although new digital environments can enable or facilitate certain user activities, the quality of the user interface will remain a continuing challenge. The chapter aims to underline the relationships between HCI studies and consumer behaviour, focusing attention on virtual environments for electronic and Internet e-commerce (online retail) services. The potential of multi-modal interfaces and virtual environments for business and marketing are examined by: (1) providing an overview of the relationships between HCI and consumer behaviour, (2) showing how different interaction modalities can enhance the communication process between user and consumer system, (3) showing how digital and interactive technologies can offer to the consumer many advantages and unique opportunities in exploring information and products, and (4) new directions for possible future research.

Personalization Systems and Their Deployment as Web Site Interface Design

Web Systems Design and Online Consumer Behavior ◽

10.4018/978-1-59140-327-2.ch008 ◽

2011 ◽

pp. 147-155

Author(s):

Nanda Kumar

Keyword(s):

Web Sites ◽

Interface Design ◽

Web Site ◽

Practical Relevance ◽

Direct Impact ◽

Design Decisions ◽

Communication Capability ◽

The Impact ◽

The Web

This chapter reviews the different types of personalization systems commonly employed by Web sites and argues that their deployment as Web site interface design decisions may have as big an impact as the personalization systems themselves. To accomplish this, this chapter makes a case for treating Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) issues seriously. It also argues that Web site interface design decisions made by organizations, such as the type and level of personalization employed by a Web site, have a direct impact on the communication capability of that Web site. This chapter also explores the impact of the deployment of personalization systems on users’ loyalty towards the Web site, thus underscoring the practical relevance of these design decisions.

Personalization Systems and Their Deployment as Web Site Interface Design Decisions

10.4018/978-1-87828-991-9.ch016 ◽

2009 ◽

pp. 212-219

Author(s):

Nanda Kumar

Keyword(s):

Web Sites ◽

Interface Design ◽

Web Site ◽

Practical Relevance ◽

Direct Impact ◽

Design Decisions ◽

Communication Capability ◽

The Impact ◽

The Web

This chapter reviews the different types of personalization systems commonly employed by Web sites and argues that their deployment as Web site interface design decisions may have as big an impact as the personalization systems themselves. To accomplish this, this chapter makes a case for treating Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) issues seriously. It also argues that Web site interface design decisions made by organizations, such as the type and level of personalization employed by a Web site, have a direct impact on the communication capability of that Web site. This chapter also explores the impact of the deployment of personalization systems on users’ loyalty towards the Web site, thus underscoring the practical relevance of these design decisions.

We can design better user interfaces: A review of human-computer interaction styles

Ergonomics ◽

10.1080/00140138808966713 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 31 (5) ◽

pp. 699-710 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

BEN SHNEIDERMAN

Keyword(s):

User Interfaces ◽

Interaction Styles ◽

Development of measurement instrument for visual qualities of graphical user interface elements (VISQUAL): a test in the context of mobile game icons

User Modeling and User-Adapted Interaction ◽

10.1007/s11257-020-09263-7 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 30 (5) ◽

pp. 949-982 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Henrietta Jylhä ◽

Juho Hamari

Keyword(s):

User Interface ◽

Graphical User Interface ◽

User Interfaces ◽

Factor Model ◽

Measurement Instrument ◽

Graphical User Interfaces ◽

Factor Analyses ◽

Interface Elements ◽

Abstract Graphical user interfaces are widely common and present in everyday human–computer interaction, dominantly in computers and smartphones. Today, various actions are performed via graphical user interface elements, e.g., windows, menus and icons. An attractive user interface that adapts to user needs and preferences is progressively important as it often allows personalized information processing that facilitates interaction. However, practitioners and scholars have lacked an instrument for measuring user perception of aesthetics within graphical user interface elements to aid in creating successful graphical assets. Therefore, we studied dimensionality of ratings of different perceived aesthetic qualities in GUI elements as the foundation for the measurement instrument. First, we devised a semantic differential scale of 22 adjective pairs by combining prior scattered measures. We then conducted a vignette experiment with random participant (n = 569) assignment to evaluate 4 icons from a total of pre-selected 68 game app icons across 4 categories (concrete, abstract, character and text) using the semantic scales. This resulted in a total of 2276 individual icon evaluations. Through exploratory factor analyses, the observations converged into 5 dimensions of perceived visual quality: Excellence/Inferiority, Graciousness/Harshness, Idleness/Liveliness, Normalness/Bizarreness and Complexity/Simplicity. We then proceeded to conduct confirmatory factor analyses to test the model fit of the 5-factor model with all 22 adjective pairs as well as with an adjusted version of 15 adjective pairs. Overall, this study developed, validated, and consequently presents a measurement instrument for perceptions of visual qualities of graphical user interfaces and/or singular interface elements (VISQUAL) that can be used in multiple ways in several contexts related to visual human-computer interaction, interfaces and their adaption.