Climate Variability and Urban Agricultural Activities in Ibadan, Nigeria

2022 ◽  
pp. 1175-1194
Author(s):  
Ayobami Abayomi Popoola
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Climate Variability ◽  
Urban Poverty ◽  
Agricultural Activities ◽  
Urban Farming ◽  
Global Literature ◽  
Climate Change And Variability ◽  
Main Activity ◽  
Farm Livestock ◽  
Livestock Rearing

Two terms that are enjoying increasing overwhelming global literature advocacy and discussion are urban farming and climate change. While there is increasing advocacy towards the relevance of urban agriculture for urban dwellers and how it translates into a mitigation strategy against climate change variability and adaptation to urban poverty, the effect of some urban farming activities and how it serves as a driver to climate change needs to be investigated. In most of the urban periphery where there is availability of a large expanse of land areas, farming activities are usually practised in form of settlement farm, livestock rearing, or plantation agriculture. The study based on quantitative and qualitative data from urban farmers in Ibadan argues that the location of urban farmlands is dependent on climatic factor such as access to land. The study identified that climate variability as reported by the urban farmers has resulted in the increased use of fertilizer for farming by urban farmers, and the main activity that is pro-climate change and variability is bush burning.

Climate Variability and Urban Agricultural Activities in Ibadan, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
pp. 11-30
Author(s):  
Ayobami Abayomi Popoola
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Climate Variability ◽  
Urban Poverty ◽  
Agricultural Activities ◽  
Urban Farming ◽  
Global Literature ◽  
Climate Change And Variability ◽  
Main Activity ◽  
Farm Livestock ◽  
Livestock Rearing

Two terms that are enjoying increasing overwhelming global literature advocacy and discussion are urban farming and climate change. While there is increasing advocacy towards the relevance of urban agriculture for urban dwellers and how it translates into a mitigation strategy against climate change variability and adaptation to urban poverty, the effect of some urban farming activities and how it serves as a driver to climate change needs to be investigated. In most of the urban periphery where there is availability of a large expanse of land areas, farming activities are usually practised in form of settlement farm, livestock rearing, or plantation agriculture. The study based on quantitative and qualitative data from urban farmers in Ibadan argues that the location of urban farmlands is dependent on climatic factor such as access to land. The study identified that climate variability as reported by the urban farmers has resulted in the increased use of fertilizer for farming by urban farmers, and the main activity that is pro-climate change and variability is bush burning.

scholarly journals Compound Vulnerabilities: The Intersection of Climate Variability and HIV/AIDS in Northwestern Tanzania

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valerie Githinji ◽  
Todd A. Crane
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Climate Variability ◽  
Social Dynamics ◽  
Lake Victoria ◽  
Rural Livelihoods ◽  
Climate Change And Variability ◽  
Northwestern Tanzania ◽  
Food And Nutrition ◽  
Agricultural Yields ◽  
Hiv Aids

Abstract Drawing on ethnographic research conducted in Nsisha, a rural village located close to the shores of Lake Victoria in northwestern Tanzania, this article analyzes how climate change and variability intersect with other stressors that affect rural livelihoods, particularly HIV/AIDS. The analysis integrates theories of vulnerability from both climate and HIV/AIDS literatures to show how these intersecting stressors compound livelihood vulnerability in complex ways. Climate change and variability are linked to declining agricultural yields and an increase in food and nutrition insecurity and poor health in this region. This situation heightens poverty and susceptibility to HIV/AIDS, compromising people’s abilities to cope and adapt. Because of social dynamics, single mothers and their children are particularly affected by these compound vulnerabilities. Climate change and variability are significant contributing vulnerability factors that sustain and exacerbate asymmetrical poverty, food and nutrition insecurity, and HIV/AIDS. By describing the links between vulnerability to HIV/AIDS and climate variability, findings highlight the importance of holistic and localized approaches to adaptation, instead of trying to isolate single issues. Prioritization of multidisciplinary research focusing on the socially differentiated and gendered distribution of vulnerability specifically in regard to poverty, food and nutrition insecurity, and HIV/AIDS is recommended as a means to enrich the understanding of climate change vulnerability. Adaptation strategies should address how climatic shifts interact with generalized poverty, food and nutrition insecurity, health, and gendered vulnerability in areas most affected.

scholarly journals Bivariate EMD-Based Data Adaptive Approach to the Analysis of Climate Variability

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Khademul Islam Molla ◽  
Poly Rani Ghosh ◽  
Keikichi Hirose
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Climate Variability ◽  
Reference Signal ◽  
Complex Signal ◽  
Intrinsic Mode Functions ◽  
Climate Data ◽  
Climate Signal ◽  
Adaptive Approach ◽  
Climate Change And Variability ◽  
Data Adaptive

This paper presents a data adaptive approach for the analysis of climate variability using bivariate empirical mode decomposition (BEMD). The time series of climate factors: daily evaporation, maximum and minimum temperatures are taken into consideration in variability analysis. All climate data are collected from a specific area of Bihar in India. Fractional Gaussian noise (fGn) is used here as the reference signal. The climate signal and fGn (of same length) are combined to produce bivariate (complex) signal which is decomposed using BEMD into a finite number of sub-band signals named intrinsic mode functions (IMFs). Both of climate signal as well as fGn are decomposed together into IMFs. The instantaneous frequencies and Fourier spectrum of IMFs are observed to illustrate the property of BEMD. The lowest frequency oscillation of climate signal represents the annual cycle (AC) which is an important factor in analyzing climate change and variability. The energies of the fGn's IMFs are used to define the data adaptive threshold to separate AC. The IMFs of climate signal with energy exceeding such threshold are summed up to separate the AC. The interannual distance of climate signal is also illustrated for better understanding of climate change and variability.

scholarly journals Climate Change Adaptation Strategies Among Cereal Farmers in Kwara State, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
pp. 509-522
Author(s):  
S. A. Aderinoye-Abdulwahab ◽  
T. A. Abdulbaki
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Agricultural Activities ◽  
Early Planting ◽  
Weather And Climate ◽  
Favorable Weather ◽  
Agricultural Areas ◽  
Livestock Rearing ◽  
Climate Change Adaptation Strategies

AbstractAgriculture is the art and science of food production which spans soil cultivation, crop growing, and livestock rearing. Over the years, it has served as a means of employment and accounts for more than one-third of total gross domestic product. Cereals, which include rice, maize, and sorghum, are the major dietary energy suppliers and they provide significant amounts of protein, minerals (potassium and calcium), and vitamins (vitamin A and C). The growth and good yield of cereal crop can be greatly influenced by elements of weather and climate such as temperature, sunlight, and relative humidity. While climate determines the choice of what plant to cultivate and how to cultivate, it has been undoubtedly identified as one of the fundamental factors that determine both crop cultivation and livestock keeping. The chapter, though theoretical, adopted Kwara State, Nigeria, as the focus due to favorable weather conditions that support grains production. It was observed that the effect of climate change on cereal production includes: drastic reduction in grains production, reduction in farmers’ profit level, increment in cost during production, diversification to nonfarming activities, and discouragement of youth from participating in agricultural activities. Also, the adopted coping strategies employed by farmers in the focus site were early planting, planting of improved variety, irrigation activities, alternates crop rotation, and cultivation of more agricultural areas. The chapter thus concluded that climate change has negative impact on cereals production and recommends that government should provide communal irrigation facilities that will cushion the effect of low rains on farmers’ productivity, while early planting and cultivation of drought-resistant cultivars should be encouraged.

scholarly journals Strategi Peningkatan Produktivitas Kopi serta Adaptasi terhadap Variabilitas dan Perubahan Iklim melalui Kalender Budidaya

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 65
Author(s):  
Yeli Sarvina ◽  
Tania June ◽  
Elza Surmaini ◽  
Rita Nurmalina ◽  
Sutjahjo Surjono Hadi
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Climate Variability ◽  
Adaptation Strategy ◽  
Climate Forecast ◽  
Climate Variability And Change ◽  
Coffee Production ◽  
Climate Change And Variability ◽  
Potential Strategy ◽  
Coffee Cultivation ◽  
The Impact

<p><strong>Abstrak</strong>. Rendahnya produktivitas kopi merupakan salah satu permasalahan utama dalam sistem produksi kopi Indonesia. Hal ini diantaranya disebabkan tidak adanya perawatan kopi yang optimal dengan memperhatikan fase fenologi kopi, serta dampak variabilitas dan perubahan iklim. Berbagai teknologi adaptasi kopi sudah banyak dihasilkan namun langkah adaptasi dengan memanfaatkan prakiraan iklim dalam bentuk penyesuian kegiatan budidaya dengan fase fenologi atau disebut sebagai kalender budidaya belum dikembangkan. Tulisan ini memaparkan tentang dampak variabilitas dan perubahan iklim pada tanaman kopi, teknologi adaptasi kopi yang sudah tersedia, perlunya pengembangan kalender budidaya kopi sebagai bentuk strategi adaptasi dan peningkatan produktivitas serta potensi dan tantangan pengembangan kalender budidaya kopi di Indonesia. Hasil review ini menunjukkan kalender budidaya kopi berpotensi dikembangkan sebagai strategi peningkatan produktivitas serta adaptasi terhadap variabilitas dan perubahan iklim.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Abstract</strong>. Low productivity is one of the main challenges in Indonesia's coffee production system .It is low due to cultivation management; most of the coffee farmer does not manage their plantation base on the coffee phenology phase.  Moreover climate variability and change also have important effect on coffee productivity. Various technologies on adaptation and measurement to climate change and variability have been identified. Unfortunately, the technology which use climate forecast through adjusting cultivation activity and coffee phenology called as cultivation calendar do not exist yet. This paper provides an overview on the impact of climate variability and change to coffee production, the existing adaptation strategy, and the importance of cultivation calendar as a strategy for adapting and increasing productivity, and the potential and challenges to develop cultivation calendar in Indonesia. This review reveals that coffee cultivation calendar is a potential strategy for increaseing productivity and adapting climate change and variability.</p>

scholarly journals Adaptation Measures to Mitigate the Impacts of Climate Variability among Pastoralists in Kajiado, Kenya

2020 ◽  
pp. 156-166
Author(s):  
Jacktone Achola Yala ◽  
Joshua Orungo Onono ◽  
William Okelo Ogara ◽  
Gilbert Ongisa Ouma ◽  
Sam Oyieke Okuthe
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Climate Variability ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Livestock Production ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Adaptation Measures ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Climate Change And Variability ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Village Elders

Climate change and variability has direct and indirect effects on pastoralism through its effect on natural resources including water and pastures that support livestock production in pastoral areas. This study was conducted in Kajiado County where pastoralism is the main source of livelihood. The objective was to identify challenges facing pastoralism and adaptation measures applied by Maasai pastoralists to mitigate impacts of adverse climate events including flooding and drought. A cross-sectional study design was used and primary data collected through focus group discussions (FGDs), key informant interviews (KIIs) and expert opinion interviews (EOIs). A total of 10 FGDs (114 respondents within 10 wards, out of which 81 were men and 33 women), 25 KIIs (6 opinion leaders, 5 village elders, 6 chiefs, 6 government staff and 2 non-governmental organisation) and 12 EOIs (1 Department of Meteorological Services, 1 National Drought Management Authority (NDMA), 2 Department of Agriculture and 8 Departments of Veterinary Services and Livestock Production) were conducted during the data collection period. The findings showed that drought and flooding were the main climate related challenges that were often experienced by the pastoralists. The adaptation measure which were frequently implemented by pastoralist during flooding was livestock vaccination and mass treatment of sick livestock (Z >1.96) while the most frequently implemented adaptation measures during drought periods included migration with livestock to search for water and pasture (Z=1.51) and livestock vaccination and treatment of sick livestock (Z=1.08). Other climate variability related-challenges included increased incidences of livestock diseases, increased livestock deaths, increased cases of community conflicts, unavailability of veterinary vaccines and medicines, high cost of livestock vaccines and drugs and inadequate number of technical staff within the county. The study has shown that climate variability has significant impact on sources of livelihood for pastoralists who in turn are implementing several adaptation measures to mitigate the effects of climate change and variability. The study recommends formulation and implementation of appropriate plans and policies that are focussed on supporting resilience of the vulnerable pastoral communities and that could further assist in fighting the negative impacts of climate change and variability.

Impact of climate change and variability on maize yield in Tropical Africa

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Freddy Bangelesa ◽  
Felix Pollinger ◽  
Heiko Paeth
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Climate Variability ◽  
Maize Yield ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Yield Variability ◽  
Model Output ◽  
Tropical Africa ◽  
Climate Change And Variability ◽  
Recent Climate ◽  
Maize Yields

&lt;p&gt; &lt;span&gt;&lt;span&gt;Tropical Africa has been experiencing a long term drying trend for the last two decades. Climate change and variability has an influence on rain-fed agriculture under the Tropics. Many studies have investigated on the role of climate change and variability on crop yields, but with a limited number of predictors. We use detailed gridded crop statistics time series data to examine how recent climate inter-annual variability led to variations in maize yields. The added-value of this study is, that it integrates for the first time different sets of variables on different spatial scales, 107 in total: local, regional and global. A cross-validated model output statistics (MOS) approach is applied to choose physically motivated predictors. Both climate variables and maize yields were de-trended. The results revealed that inter-annual climate variability accounts for globally more than 35 percent of the observed maize variability in Tropical Africa. Our study uniquely illustrates spatial patterns in the relationship between climate variability and maize yield variability, highlighting where variations in different group of predictors interact and explain maize yield variability. Overall, temperature and precipitation principal component variables are preferably selected by the model. The next step of the study will consist of using the MOS equation to forecast future maize yield changes based on climate model output. The implication of the study is that, it will generate policy interventions towards buffering future crop production from climate variability.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

DISSEMINATION AND USE OF INFORMATION ON CLIMATE CHANGE AND VARIABILITY: A CASE STUDY OF FARMERS IN MALUGA AND CHIBELA VILLAGES IN SEMI-ARID CENTRAL TANZANIA

Mousaion ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-24
Author(s):  
Emmanuel Elia ◽  
Stephen Mutula ◽  
Christine Stilwell
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Diffusion Of Innovations ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Policy Framework ◽  
Accurate Information ◽  
Adaptation To Climate Change ◽  
Climate Change And Variability ◽  
Semi Arid

This study was part of broader PhD research which investigated how access to, and use of, information enhances adaptation to climate change and variability in the agricultural sector in semi-arid Central Tanzania. The research was carried out in two villages using Rogers’ Diffusion of Innovations theory and model to assess the dissemination of this information and its use by farmers in their adaptation of their farming practices to climate change and variability. This predominantly qualitative study employed a post-positivist paradigm. Some elements of a quantitative approach were also deployed in the data collection and analysis. The principal data collection methods were interviews and focus group discussions. The study population comprised farmers, agricultural extension officers and the Climate Change Adaptation in Africa project manager. Qualitative data were subjected to content analysis whereas quantitative data were analysed to generate mostly descriptive statistics using SPSS.  Key findings of the study show that farmers perceive a problem in the dissemination and use of climate information for agricultural development. They found access to agricultural inputs to be expensive, unreliable and untimely. To mitigate the adverse effects of climate change and variability on farming effectively, the study recommends the repackaging of current and accurate information on climate change and variability, farmer education and training, and collaboration between researchers, meteorology experts, and extension officers and farmers. Moreover, a clear policy framework for disseminating information related to climate change and variability is required.

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