Of the Land, for the Land, and by the Land

2021 ◽  
pp. 54-66
Author(s):  
Sheelpa Mishra
Keyword(s):  
Indigenous People ◽  
Natural Habitat ◽  
Tribal Community ◽  
Forest Communities ◽  
Ecological Balance ◽  
Tribal Land

Land is a promising asset that acts as a stimulus for indigenous people to act and respond within their natural limits. The natives enjoy great kinship with the land. They deem the land as one with the humankind: a living, breathing, and thinking being. They believe that they live under the constant protection of the green produce of the land and they ought to protect it in return as it plays a key role in determining the possibility of survival of the tribal community. Any attempt at enforced displacement, tribal eviction, land encroachment, land diversion, or land alienation leads to disintegration of the tribal community. Trespassers trying to dispossess the aboriginals of their land not only impact the indigenous ethnic formations but also affect the ecological balance. The chapter provides an incisive sociological scrutiny to trace the origin of the pressing crisis of tribal land alienation, by adopting Gopinath Mohanty's Paraja as a case study, to understand its catastrophic repercussions on the forest communities and the natural habitat.

scholarly journals The Unexplored Socio-Cultural Benefits of Coffee Plants: Implications for the Sustainable Management of Ethiopia’s Coffee Forests

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 3912
Author(s):  
Bikila Jabessa Bulitta ◽  
Lalisa A. Duguma
Keyword(s):  
Value Chain ◽  
Natural Habitat ◽  
Ethnographic Study ◽  
Gene Pools ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Cultural Services ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
Jimma Zone ◽  
Food And Drink

Coffee is among the most popular commodity crops around the globe and supports the livelihoods of millions of households along its value chain. Historically, the broader understanding of the roles of coffee has been limited to its commercial value, which largely is derived from coffee, the drink. This study, using in-depth interviews and focus group discussions, explores some of the unrevealed socio-cultural services of coffee of which many people are not aware. The study was conducted in Gomma district, Jimma Zone, Oromia National Regional state, Ethiopia, where arabica coffee was first discovered in its natural habitat. Relying on a case study approach, our study uses ethnographic study methods whereby results are presented from the communities’ perspectives and the subsequent discussions with the communities on how the community perspectives could help to better manage coffee ecosystems. Coffee’s utilities and symbolic functions are numerous—food and drink, commodity crop, religious object, communication medium, heritage and inheritance. Most of the socio-cultural services are not widely known, and hence are not part of the benefits accounting of coffee systems. Understanding and including such socio-cultural benefits into the wider benefits of coffee systems could help in promoting improved management of the Ethiopian coffee forests that are the natural gene pools of this highly valuable crop.

IMPLEMENTASI PERATURAN DAERAH KHUSUS (PERDASUS) PROVINSI PAPUA NOMOR 23 TAHUN 2008 TENTANG HAK ULAYAT MASYARAKAT HUKUM ADAT DAN HAK PERORANGAN WARGA MASYARAKAT ADAT ATAS TANAH (STUDI KASUS KOTA JAYAPURA DAN KABUPATEN BIAK NUMFOR)

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 40-59
Author(s):  
Ayu Kurnia Utami
Keyword(s):  
Conflict Resolution ◽  
Indigenous People ◽  
Civil Law ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Customary Law ◽  
Land Conflict ◽  
Local Regulation ◽  
The People ◽  
The Government

This study discusses Perdasus 23 Year 2008 about individual and communal rights of customary law society over the land through a case study in Jayapura and Biak Numfor. The special local regulation (Perdasus) is a part of the efforts to secure the customary society or the indigenous people of Papua. The aim of this study is to identify how far Perdasus 23 Year 2008 has been implemented in Jayapura and Biak Numfor. The study applies qualitative approach which data is collected through observations, interviews, and content analysis of related documents. The result of this study shows that Perdasus 23 Year 2008 is not implemented thoroughly. Although the regulation is not normatively implemented, it has been practically implemented through the initiatives of Jayapura and Biak Numfor government to carry out conflict resolution program in each region. In doing so, the government of Jayapura has done the communal right mapping of Port Numbay people, while the government of Biak Numfor issues a local regulation (Perbup) about the strategy of land conflict resolution by encouraging of the involvement of customary role and legitimation in the region. Eventhough these activities are not conducted in accordance with Perdasus 23 Year 2008, Jayapura has performed four substances of the “Perdasus”: research, mapping, management and identification, and land conflict resolution. Meanwhile, Biak Numfor regency has performed two substances: communal land management and land conflict resolution though they only fulfill some aspects of these substances when performing research and mapping. There are three aspects affecting the implementation of Perdasus in Jayapura and Biak Numfor. First, ineffective communication both from the policy maker to the policy implementer and from policy implementer to the people that causes confusion to the society regarding the policy. Second, the existing paradigm of local people who still believe that customary law is more powerful than civil law. Last but not the least is Government’s initiative to do an activity to protect the communal right of indigenous people of Papua.

scholarly journals Does Protection Really Matter? A Case Study from Central European Oak Forests

Diversity ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 6
Author(s):  
Kamila Reczyńska ◽  
Krzysztof Świerkosz
Keyword(s):  
Oak Forests ◽  
Forest Communities ◽  
Nature Protection ◽  
The Face ◽  
Phytosociological Relevés ◽  
Sw Poland ◽  
The One ◽  
Duration Of Protection

In the face of a rapidly changing global environment, detailed research into the actual role of protected areas (PAs) in preventing the destruction of ecosystems and the loss of biodiversity became particularly important. Using 304 phytosociological relevés of oak forests from SW Poland, we monitored their state of preservation reflected by the share of synanthropes (Ws-c index) in relation to (i) duration of protection, (ii) status of protected area, (iii) main topographic factors, and (iv) bedrock type. We show that the Ws-c index of studied forests depends primarily on the habitat conditions, especially bedrock type, while both the duration and status of protection are not relevant. The most disturbed are forests developing on serpentine substrates regardless of whether they are protected or not. Within the rest of the investigated sites, the Ws-c index is significantly lower and does not meaningfully differ between protected and unprotected areas. On the one hand, our results suggest that the fact of establishing protection does not ensure a favourable state of conservation of forest communities. On the other hand, well-preserved forest communities can also be expected outside PAs what makes them an important target for nature protection in the future.

Groupism and the politics of indigeneity: A case study on the Sámi debate in Finland

Ethnicities ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 526-545 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jarno Valkonen ◽  
Sanna Valkonen ◽  
Timo Koivurova
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Indigenous People ◽  
Indigenous Rights ◽  
Discrete Groups ◽  
Social Conflicts ◽  
Cultural Aspects ◽  
Ethnopolitical Conflict ◽  
Collective Actors ◽  
As If

The article addresses the problems of defining an indigenous people by deconstructing the Sámi debate in Finland, which has escalated with the government’s commitment to ratify ILO Convention No. 169. We argue that the ethnopolitical conflict engendered by this commitment is a consequence of groupism, by which, following Rogers Brubaker, we mean the tendency to take discrete groups as chief protagonists of social conflicts, the tendency to treat ethnic groups, nations and races as substantial entities and the tendency to reify such groups as if they were unitary collective actors. The aim of the article is to deconstruct groupist thinking related to indigenous rights by analytically separating the concepts of group and category. This allows us to deconstruct the ethnicised conflict and analyse what kinds of political, social and cultural aspects are involved in it. We conclude that indigeneity is not an ethnocultural, objectively existing fact, but rather a frame of political requirements.

scholarly journals Diversity of Forest and Shrub Communities as a Result of Site History and of Extensive and Intensive Forest Management (Glinno Ługi Case Study)

2011 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 149-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beata Woziwoda ◽  
Katarzyna Ambrożkiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Forest Management ◽  
Secondary Forest ◽  
Forest Communities ◽  
Transect Line ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Intensive Forest Management ◽  
Habitat Properties ◽  
Anthropogenic Forest ◽  
Site History

The paper presents the diversity of natural and anthropogenic forest communities occurring in post-cultivated fields in Glinno Ługi. An impoverished fresh pine forest association (Leucobryo-Pinetum) and nine secondary forest communities have been distinguished in the transect line (1.16 km in length). Factors influencing the structure and species composition of recent forest communities, such as habitat properties, previous land use forms and the intensity of forest management, are described.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document