Varieties of Sharing

2021 ◽  
pp. 203-225
Author(s):  
Christian Papsdorf ◽  
Markus Hertwig
Keyword(s):  
Sharing Economy ◽  
Control Mechanisms ◽  
Five Dimensions ◽  
Internet Communities ◽  
Gift Economy ◽  
And Control ◽  
Platform Economy

This chapter focuses on one element in the digitalisation of work: the forms and conditions of working in the so-called ‘sharing economy' (SE). Based on an analysis of 67 SE platforms, it distinguishes three segments, each of which constitutes a distinctive institutional sphere within the sharing economy: these are an ‘exchange and gift economy', a ‘niche and sideline economy', and the ‘platform economy'. In a further step, the study then identified and compared five dimensions of work within these segments: the type of activity, the form of compensation or recompense involved (monetary or non-monetary), skills and competencies required, the role of technology, and control mechanisms. Each segment is associated with a particular pattern of these dimensions. The chapter then discusses the shift in the traditionally understood determinants of work now observable in the sharing economy. While some of these determinants are being added to by new factors, others are being displaced by internet communities and the socio-technical structures and strategies of the platform providers.

scholarly journals The Influence of the Antecedents of SCQRM Implementation on Organizational Performance with the Moderating Role of Organizational Culture in the Indonesian Navy

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 81
Author(s):  
Yohannes Enggar Riyadi ◽  
Lucy Warsindah ◽  
Agus Adriyanto ◽  
Dangan Waluyo
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Organizational Culture ◽  
Organizational Performance ◽  
Strategic Leadership ◽  
Control Mechanisms ◽  
Information Control ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Moderating Role

<p><em>This study aims to determine the effect of the antecedents of Supply chain quality risk management (SCQRM) implementation on organizational performance with the moderating role of organizational culture in the Indonesian Navy. Based on data from questionnaire survey data totaling 260 Indonesian Navy officers, the SCQRM theory model is proposed and the structural equation model is used to test the proposed hypothesis. The results show that strategic leadership, information, and control mechanisms are significant antecedents of SCQRM implementation. Furthermore, strategic leadership and information significantly contribute to organizational performance. An interesting finding is that control mechanisms do not have a direct impact on organizational performance, but they do contribute indirectly to organizational performance mediated by SCQRM implementation. Also, SCQRM implementation significantly contributes to organizational performance and the moderating effect of organizational culture strengthens the relationship between SCQRM implementation and organizational performance. This study focuses on the concept and implementation of SCQRM in Indonesian Navy logistics with the role of strategic leadership, information, control mechanisms, and organizational culture to improve organizational performance using single respondents and expert perceptions, namely Indonesian Navy Officers. The managerial implications suggest that complementary benefits arise from the adoption of a more holistic approach to the management of supply chain quality risk at the organizational level with</em><em> </em><em>supported the role of strategic leadership, information, control mechanisms, and organizational culture will improve organizational performance. Three contributions to science in the development of SCQRM theory. <strong>First</strong>, this study develops an SCQRM theoretical model with three unique dimensions (supplier development, risk management integration, and proactive product recall). <strong>Second</strong>, this study provides a new perfection of how the complementarity system of SCQRM is operated to improve organizational performance. Moreover, the findings imply that a successful SCQRM implementation is built on a complementarity power in risk management resources and routines. The multiple manifestations of the three SCQRM dimensions are all driven by a cohesive, yet unobserved synergy, which also forms one of the competencies of the organization. <strong>Third</strong>, this study also provides a new perfection on the role of strategic leadership, information and control mechanisms as antecedents of SCQRM implementation, and the moderating role of organizational culture that strengthens the relationship between SCQRM implementation and organizational performance</em><em>.   </em><strong></strong></p>

scholarly journals Trust, Control, and Value Creation in Strategic Networks of SMEs

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 1873
Author(s):  
Fabio Antoldi ◽  
Daniele Cerrato
Keyword(s):  
Process Control ◽  
Social Control ◽  
Value Creation ◽  
Substitution Effect ◽  
Control Mechanisms ◽  
Output Process ◽  
Output Control ◽  
Strategic Networks ◽  
And Control

This paper investigates the role of trust and control in networks of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), with a focus on both their direct and interaction effects on value creation. To delve into the interplay between trust and control, we unpack control mechanisms into three different forms: output, process, and social control. Our hypotheses are tested on a sample of 58 Italian SME networks based on formal agreements. Results show that the competitiveness and sustainability of inter-firm networks require trust-based relationships among entrepreneurs. Additionally, the adoption of output control mechanisms reinforces the positive link between trust and value creation, whereas a substitution effect exists between trust and process control and, with limited significance, between trust and social control.

The Politics of the Sharing Economy

2020 ◽  
pp. 21-36
Author(s):  
David Murillo
Keyword(s):  
Venture Capital ◽  
Business Model ◽  
Private Equity ◽  
Sharing Economy ◽  
Moving Target ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Platform Economy ◽  
Academic Debate

The current academic debate on the sharing economy (SE) seems to embrace three main discussions: its definition, its effects, and the role of regulation. A neglected topic here seems to be analyzing the specific implications of the changing nature of these firms boosted by private equity and venture capital. As the author points out, we need to analyze not only the impact of a changing business model but, specifically, how stakeholders, cities, and regulators should approach this moving target now called SE. In the following sections the author departs from a traditional definition of the sharing economy to start building the case for treating the SE at large as an epiphenomenon of the platform economy, and as a temporary condition based on a moveable business model. The chapter closes by introducing the regulatory hurdles that come associated with the previous and mapping out its different futures.

scholarly journals Motivational and Control Mechanisms Underlying Adolescent versus Adult Alcohol Use

NeuroSci ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-58
Author(s):  
Janna Cousijn ◽  
Kayla H. Green ◽  
Maaike Labots ◽  
Louk J. M. J. Vanderschuren ◽  
J. Leon Kenemans ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Behavioral Control ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Drinking Motives ◽  
Control Mechanisms ◽  
Interference Control ◽  
And Control ◽  
Moderating Role

Increased motivation towards alcohol use and suboptimal behavioral control are suggested to predispose adolescents to alcohol use disorders (AUDs). Paradoxically however, most adolescent AUDs resolve over time without any formal intervention, suggesting adolescent resilience to AUDs. Importantly, studies directly comparing adolescent and adult alcohol use are largely missing. We therefore aimed to unravel the moderating role of age in the relation between alcohol use and motivational and control-related cognitive processes in 45 adolescent drinkers compared to 45 adults. We found that enhancement drinking motives and impulsivity related positively to alcohol use. Although enhancement drinking motives and impulsivity were higher in adolescents, the strength of the relation between these measures and alcohol use did not differ between age groups. None of the alcohol use-related motivational measures (i.e., craving, attentional bias, and approach bias) and behavioral control measures (i.e., interference control, risky decision making, and working-memory) were associated with alcohol use or differed between age groups. These findings support the role of impulsivity and affective sensitivity in adolescent drinking but question the moderating role of age therein. The current study contributes towards understanding the role of age in the relation between alcohol use and cognition.

scholarly journals Motivational and Control Mechanisms Underlying Adolescent versus Adult Alcohol Use

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janna Cousijn ◽  
Kayla H. Green ◽  
Maaike Labots ◽  
Louk J.M.J. Vanderschuren ◽  
J. Leon Kenemans ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Drinking Motives ◽  
Control Mechanisms ◽  
Interference Control ◽  
Risky Decision ◽  
And Control ◽  
Moderating Role

Increased motivation towards alcohol use and suboptimal behavioural control are suggested to predispose adolescents to Alcohol Use Disorders (AUDs). Paradoxically however, most adolescent AUDs resolve over time without any formal intervention, suggesting adolescent resilience to AUDs. Importantly, studies directly comparing adolescent and adult alcohol use are largely missing. We therefore aimed to unravel the moderating role of age in the relation between alcohol use and motivational and control-related cognitive processes in 45 adolescent drinkers compared to 45 adults. The results showed that enhancement drinking motives and impulsivity related positively to alcohol use. Although enhancement drinking motives and impulsivity were higher in adolescents, the strength of the relation between these measures and alcohol use did not differ between age groups. None of the alcohol use-related motivational measures (i.e., craving, attentional bias, approach bias) and behavioral control measures (i.e., interference control, risky decision making, working-memory) were associated with alcohol use or differed between age groups. These findings support the role of impulsivity and affective sensitivity in adolescent drinking, but question the moderating role of age therein. The current study contributes towards understanding the role of age in the relation between alcohol use and cognition.

Governance Within Diverse University Structures

2019 ◽  
pp. 210-232
Author(s):  
Tomáš Zima
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Control Mechanisms ◽  
Academic Senate ◽  
Division Of Powers ◽  
Governance Models ◽  
Democratic Principles ◽  
Research And Education ◽  
And Control

This chapter focuses on university governance, which reflects the structure of an institution, whether it is centralized or decentralized, but most importantly democratic and autonomous. The case is illustrated using the example of Charles University, which is a large and highly decentralized organization that has been affected by developments in the Czech Republic after 1989 and their consequences for higher education in the country. In this regard, different governance models and recent challenges for higher education institutions are explained. The structure, main bodies, and management of Charles University are described and put into context within the national regulatory framework. The chapter further explores the division of powers and control mechanisms. A special focus is placed on the role of the Academic Senate, which underlines the democratic principles of the institution. The final remarks highlight the importance of a democratic, autonomous environment for both research and education.

scholarly journals Control Mechanisms and Leadership Styles: A Conceptual Framework for Innovation Projects

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-22
Author(s):  
Andy Susilo Lukito-Budi
Keyword(s):  
Leadership Style ◽  
Empirical Work ◽  
Control Mechanisms ◽  
Control Structures ◽  
Innovation Projects ◽  
Innovation Project ◽  
Conceptual Paper ◽  
Successful Innovation ◽  
And Control

This is a conceptual paper discussing how to undertake innovation in an organization as a project, and the components of the structure and leadership style as factors that support the implementation of the project. It reviews previous research related to organizational, leadership and control theories. It focuses on introducing the role of leadership and control structures into innovation projects. The suggested structure to be adopted is a mixed combination of organic and mechanical structures. This article argues the importance of the existence of a control mechanism to regulate the project; this functions as a set of tools to control the dynamics of the organizational structure in the project. It also reveals transformational leadership as the most suitable leadership style to control and deliver a successful innovation project. At the end, this article proposes several propositions to be tested further in empirical work. Some discussions about optional research methods are also presented.

scholarly journals The Role of Interorganizational Relationships on Elite Athlete Development Processes

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Popi Sotiriadou ◽  
Jessie Brouwers ◽  
Veerle De Bosscher ◽  
Graham Cuskelly
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Model ◽  
Elite Athlete ◽  
Interorganizational Relationships ◽  
Document Analysis ◽  
Control Mechanisms ◽  
Informal Control ◽  
Semistructured Interviews ◽  
Development Processes ◽  
And Control

Previous studies acknowledge the importance of sporting organizations’ developing partnerships with clubs for athlete development purposes. However, there are no studies that address the way partnerships influence athlete progression and pathways. This study explores interorganizational relationships (IORs) between a tennis federation and tennis clubs in their efforts to improve player development processes. Document analysis and semistructured interviews with representatives from clubs and the Flemish federation were used. The findings show that the federation and the clubs engaged in IORs to achieve reciprocity and efficiency. The federation anticipated gaining legitimacy and asymmetry, and clubs expected to develop stability. Formal and informal control mechanisms facilitated IOR management. The conceptual model discussed in this study shows the types of IOR motives, management, and control mechanisms that drive and influence the attraction, retention/ transition, and nurturing processes of athlete development.

If Uber were a Cooperative: A Democratically Biased Analysis of Platform Economy

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 239-262
Author(s):  
Yifat Solel
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Objective Evaluation ◽  
Sharing Economy ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Online Technology ◽  
Building Components ◽  
Mass Participation ◽  
And Control ◽  
Platform Economy

Abstract Online, or platform economy, is no different than offline economy. Platforms are in this day and age what land was in agrarian times and the means of production for the industrial revolution period — i.e., basic resources. As such, the prime questions to be addressed are the same as ever: who owns the resources, who controls them, who profits from them, and who makes the decisions regarding all of the above. Analyzing online economy by these parameters elicits three major categories: Online Capitalism — economic activities designed to maximize profits; Sharing Economy, using a substance-based definition — allowing underused resources to be used by others and adding social value: connecting people, contributing to the environment, and creating communities; and Platform Cooperativism — using online technology to promote economic and social goals and interests, as in the sharing notion, adding power-building components: ownership, control – democracy. This classification is both an identifying tool that allows for an objective evaluation of enterprises and a basis for future legislation and public policy that favors democratic and community-based enterprises. Platform Economy poses great threats: It allows for concentration of power, wealth and control, but it also holds great opportunities as it constructs mechanisms that enable mass participation in decision-making, and thus allows to develop a new and exciting future in which democracy re-claims its front seat, and people regain the power to make a difference.

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