Military Enterprises and Entrepreneurship

2021 ◽  
pp. 17-44
Author(s):  
Sanya Ojo
Keyword(s):  
Critical Review ◽  
Military Families ◽  
Macro Level ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
Non Profit ◽  
For Profit ◽  
Micro Level ◽  
Parent Organizations

The main aim of this chapter is to advance a structure for understanding the notion of military-run enterprise/entrepreneurship. The chapter appraises the macro-level of military entrepreneurship rather than the micro-level (e.g., veteran, military families, or military intrapreneurs) to uncover the paradoxes underpinning this genre of military entrepreneurship. Through a critical review of literature, the presence of “extrepreneurship,” which represents a crossbreed idea located between the concepts of entrepreneurship and intrapreneurship, is revealed. Extrepreneurs manage/operate for-profit spin-off organizations on behalf of their non-profit parent organizations to generate incomes/profits, among other requirements.

scholarly journals Coopetition in for-profit and non-profit organizations - micro level

Management ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 138-156
Author(s):  
Marta Moczulska ◽  
Bartosz Seiler ◽  
Janina Stankiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Non Profit ◽  
For Profit ◽  
Competition And Cooperation ◽  
Micro Level ◽  
Non Profit Organizations ◽  
Made In

Summary A situation in which appears at the same time a competition and cooperation between the subjects is defined as a coopetition. First of all it is considered at the mezo level – between the companies, but it can be analysed at the micro level – inside the organization. In the second case, it concerns shaping the relations among the employers which compete one with another and at the same time they cooperate. Among the organizations where the coopetion can be analysed we distinguish two types - for profit and non profit. A difference of the functioning of the for profit and non profit organizations can be seen among other things in the differences that refer to the shape of the coopetition. In the article the characteristic of a intraorganizational coopetition in the for profit and non profit subjects was presented. The base to formulate the conclusions was formed by the investigations made in which, to collect the data there were used the semistructure interviews with six sample selected organizations – three for profit and three non profit.

The cognitive pragmatics of subtitling

2014 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 402-420
Author(s):  
Chaoqun Xie ◽  
Sheng You ◽  
Xiaoying Wu
Keyword(s):  
Social Norms ◽  
Critical Review ◽  
Critical Appraisal ◽  
Macro Level ◽  
Audience Response ◽  
Politeness Theory ◽  
Micro Level ◽  
The Right ◽  
Audience Interpretation

This paper features a critical review of the book Politeness and Audience Response in Chinese-English Subtitling. A brief introduction of the book’s content is given first, followed by a critical appraisal on merits and loopholes in the book. Furthermore, some interdisciplinary amendments — based on House’s (1998) comprehensive politeness theory and Lakoff’s (1987) embodiment concept — are put forward to remedy the loopholes in question. It is argued that covert translation works better in subtitling for it is compatible with different social norms at the micro level and universally explanative politeness maxims at the macro level. Another issue discussed in this paper is the pretextual influence on audience interpretation. Pretextual influence — or embodiment system which we render more pertinent in cognitive interpretation practice — can barely be mitigated in the audience’s interpretation. Given the audience’s potential misunderstanding derived from access to various pretextual experiences, the translator may as well transfer the right implications underneath paralinguistic behaviors to the subtitling in domesticalized terms.

scholarly journals Intellectual Capital and its Importance to the Non-Profit Organizations Sector

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (7) ◽  
pp. 80-82
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Capital ◽  
Knowledge Economy ◽  
Critical Review ◽  
Knowledge Exchange ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
Major Goal ◽  
Research Papers ◽  
Non Profit ◽  
Non Profit Organizations ◽  
Almost All

The importance of intellectual capital becomes one of the main subjects that have been recently tackled by various studies for its importance to almost all organizations, industries, sectors and countries. Intellectual capital by the non-competitive feature encourages non-profit organizations to take benefit through knowledge exchange in the knowledge economy. In contrast, there are limited efforts focused on non-profit organizations from the perspective of intellectual capital. Thus, the major goal of this paper is to disseminating more research papers that relevant in the field of organizations sector that nonprofit through critical review of literature. The results of this paper adds a new addition in the field of intellectual capital in the non-profit organizations sector, through the embraces an eclectic mix of methodologies and topics.

Varieties of non-obvious meaning in CL and CADS: from ‘hindsight post-dictability’ to sweet serendipity

Corpora ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 339-367 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan Partington
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Corpus Linguistics ◽  
Macro Level ◽  
Discourse Studies ◽  
Micro Level ◽  
Special Relevance

In this paper, I want to examine the special relevance of (non)obviousness in corpus linguistics through drawing on case studies. The research discussion is divided into two parts. The first is an examination of (non)obviousness at the micro-level, that is, in lexico-grammatical analyses, whilst the second looks at the more macro-level of (non)obviousness on the plane of discourse. In the final sections, I will examine various types of non-obvious meaning one can come across in Corpus-assisted Discourse Studies (CADS), which range from: ‘I knew that all along (now)’ to ‘that's interesting’ to ‘I sensed that but didn't know why’ (intuitive impressions and corpus-assisted explanations) to ‘I never even knew I never knew that’ (serendipity or ‘non-obvious non-obviousness’, analogous to ‘unknown unknowns’).

Panpsychism versus Panprotopsychism and the Subject-Summing Problem

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip Goff
Keyword(s):  
Macro Level ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Making Sense ◽  
Combination Problem ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Micro Level ◽  
Russellian Monism ◽  
Nature Of Matter

This is the first of two chapters discussing the most notorious problem facing Russellian monism: the combination problem. This is actually a family of difficulties, each reflecting the challenge of how to make sense of everyday human and animal experience intelligibly arising from more fundamental conscious or protoconscious features of reality. Key challenges facing panpsychist and panpsychist forms of Russellian monism are considered. With respect to panprotopsychism, there is the worry that it collapses into noumenalism: the view that human beings, by their very nature, are unable to understand the concrete, categorical nature of matter. With respect to panpsychism, there is the subject-summing problem: the difficulty making sense of how micro-level conscious subjects combine to produce macro-level conscious subjects. A solution to the subject-summing problem is proposed, and it is ultimately argued that panpsychist forms of the Russellian monism are to be preferred on grounds of simplicity and elegance.

scholarly journals Young Children’s Belonging in Finnish Educational Settings: an Intersectional Analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna-Maija Puroila ◽  
Jaana Juutinen ◽  
Elina Viljamaa ◽  
Riikka Sirkko ◽  
Taina Kyrönlampi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Educational Policy ◽  
Educational Programs ◽  
Macro Level ◽  
Educational Settings ◽  
Policy Documents ◽  
Meso Level ◽  
Continuity And Change ◽  
Positional Power ◽  
Micro Level ◽  
Similarities And Differences

AbstractThe study draws on a relational and intersectional approach to young children’s belonging in Finnish educational settings. Belonging is conceptualized as a multilevel, dynamic, and relationally constructed phenomenon. The aim of the study is to explore how children’s belonging is shaped in the intersections between macro-, meso-, and micro-levels of young children’s education in Finland. The data consist of educational policy documents and ethnographic material generated in educational programs for children aged birth to 8 years. A situational mapping framework is used to analyze and interpret the data across and within systems levels (macro-level; meso-level; and micro-level). The findings show that the landscape in which children’s belonging is shaped and the intersections across and within the levels are characterized by the tensions between similarities and differences, majority and minorities, continuity and change, authority and agency. Language used, practices enacted, and positional power emerge as the (re)sources through which children’s (un)belonging is actively produced.

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