What Happens When the Way to “Follow the Medium” Changes?

Digital methods allow social researchers and IT professionals to work together to produce instruments to comprehend current social phenomena. To develop these tools, they felt the need to “follow the medium” by reorganizing their data collection and analysis strategies on what they learned from the medium. For many years, digital research has been based on application programming interfaces (APIs) querying, an approach based on the extraction of records of data made available by the platforms through their programming interfaces. But what happens when the way to “follow the medium” changes? This contribution addresses the methodological challenges and the potential alternatives in research activities that affect the researchers' role due to recent restrictions. Two examples of research experience conducted before the APIs' closure are proposed in order to lead towards an initial reflection on its critical effects.

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ImageJ and 3D Slicer: open source 2/3D morphometric software

10.7287/peerj.preprints.27998v1 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Fiona Pye ◽

Nussaȉbah B Raja ◽

Bryan Shirley ◽

Ádám T Kocsis ◽

Niklas Hohmann ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Data Collection ◽

Open Source ◽

Programming Languages ◽

Quality Data ◽

Software Projects ◽

High Quality Data ◽

3D Slicer ◽

Data Collection And Analysis ◽

Digital Methods ◽

Imagej Plugin

In a world where an increasing number of resources are hidden behind paywalls and monthly subscriptions, it is becoming crucial for the scientific community to invest energy into freely available, community-maintained systems. Open-source software projects offer a solution, with freely available code which users can utilise and modify, under an open source licence. In addition to software accessibility and methodological repeatability, this also enables and encourages the development of new tools. As palaeontology moves towards data driven methodologies, it is becoming more important to acquire and provide high quality data through reproducible systematic procedures. Within the field of morphometrics, it is vital to adopt digital methods that help mitigate human bias from data collection. In addition,m mathematically founded approaches can reduce subjective decisions which plague classical data. This can be further developed through automation, which increases the efficiency of data collection and analysis. With these concepts in mind, we introduce two open-source shape analysis software, that arose from projects within the medical imaging field. These are ImageJ, an image processing program with batch processing features, and 3DSlicer which focuses on 3D informatics and visualisation. They are easily extensible using common programming languages, with 3DSlicer containing an internal python interactor, and ImageJ allowing the incorporation of several programming languages within its interface alongside its own simplified macro language. Additional features created by other users are readily available, on GitHub or through the software itself. In the examples presented, an ImageJ plugin “FossilJ” has been developed which provides semi-automated morphometric bivalve data collection. 3DSlicer is used with the extension SPHARM-PDM, applied to synchrotron scans of coniform conodonts for comparative morphometrics, for which small assistant tools have been created.

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Visual Ethnography as a Research Methodology

10.4018/978-1-7998-8283-1.ch002 ◽

2022 ◽

pp. 18-40

Author(s):

Candace Kaye

Keyword(s):

Qualitative Research ◽

Data Collection ◽

Research Methodology ◽

Visual Ethnography ◽

Research Topics ◽

Data Collection And Analysis ◽

The Future ◽

Investigative Process ◽

The Way

The chapter presents a rationale for using visual ethnography as part of the methodology in qualitative research and illustrates what visual ethnography methodology is capable of accomplishing when imagery is included in the investigative process. Visual ethnography offers a venue for collecting and analyzing data that would otherwise be inaccessible and positions imagery as an important, rather than a minimal or occasional, choice for use in qualitative research. Topics include contemporary definitions of visual ethnography and its value in qualitative research, historical applications of visual ethnographic theory that influence the way researchers view visual ethnography today, and contemporary uses of visual ethnography in data collection and analysis. Finally, the conclusion explores the future of visual ethnography.

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Design and Implementation of a Connection between Augmented Reality and Sensors

Robotics ◽

10.3390/robotics9010003 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 3

Author(s):

Marlon Aguero ◽

Dilendra Maharjan ◽

Maria del Pilar Rodriguez ◽

David Dennis Lee Mascarenas ◽

Fernando Moreu

Keyword(s):

Augmented Reality ◽

Data Collection ◽

Real Time ◽

Strain Gauge ◽

Low Cost ◽

Contextual Information ◽

Wireless Sensor ◽

Infrastructure Management ◽

Data Collection And Analysis ◽

The Way

Wireless sensor networks (WSN) are used by engineers to record the behavior of structures. The sensors provide data to be used by engineers to make informed choices and prioritize decisions concerning maintenance procedures, required repairs, and potential infrastructure replacements. However, reliable data collection in the field remains a challenge. The information obtained by the sensors in the field frequently needs further processing, either at the decision-making headquarters or in the office. Although WSN allows data collection and analysis, there is often a gap between WSN data analysis results and the way decisions are made in industry. The industry depends on inspectors’ decisions, so it is of vital necessity to improve the inspectors’ access in the field to data collected from sensors. This paper presents the results of an experiment that shows the way Augmented Reality (AR) may improve the availability of WSN data to inspectors. AR is a tool which overlays the known attributes of an object with the corresponding position on the headset screen. In this way, it allows the integration of reality with a virtual representation provided by a computer in real time. These additional synthetic overlays supply data that may be unavailable otherwise, but it may also display additional contextual information. The experiment reported in this paper involves the application of a smart Strain Gauge Platform, which automatically measures strain for different applications, using a wireless sensor. In this experiment, an AR headset was used to improve actionable data visualization. The results of the reported experiment indicate that since the AR headset makes it possible to visualize information collected from the sensors in a graphic form in real time, it enables automatic, effective, reliable, and instant communication from a smart low-cost sensor strain gauge to a database. Moreover, it allows inspectors to observe augmented data and compare it across time and space, which then leads to appropriate prioritization of infrastructure management decisions based on accurate observations.

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2004 Qual-IT: The way forward; Qualitative research in IT & IT in qualitative research

Australasian Journal of Paramedicine ◽

10.33151/ajp.2.3.291 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 2 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Amee Morgans

Keyword(s):

Qualitative Research ◽

New Zealand ◽

Data Collection ◽

Human Computer Interaction ◽

Methodological Issues ◽

Data Collection And Analysis ◽

Technical Issues ◽

International Visitors ◽

Computer Interaction ◽

The Way

The conference topic areas encompassed methodological issues in data collection and analysis, human computer interaction and socio-technical issues. The conference was well attended, with approximately 100 delegates who attended from all areas of Australia and New Zealand and a couple of international visitors as well.

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ImageJ and 3D Slicer: open source 2/3D morphometric software

10.7287/peerj.preprints.27998 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Fiona Pye ◽

Nussaȉbah B Raja ◽

Bryan Shirley ◽

Ádám T Kocsis ◽

Niklas Hohmann ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Data Collection ◽

Open Source ◽

Programming Languages ◽

Quality Data ◽

Software Projects ◽

High Quality Data ◽

3D Slicer ◽

Data Collection And Analysis ◽

Digital Methods ◽

Imagej Plugin

In a world where an increasing number of resources are hidden behind paywalls and monthly subscriptions, it is becoming crucial for the scientific community to invest energy into freely available, community-maintained systems. Open-source software projects offer a solution, with freely available code which users can utilise and modify, under an open source licence. In addition to software accessibility and methodological repeatability, this also enables and encourages the development of new tools. As palaeontology moves towards data driven methodologies, it is becoming more important to acquire and provide high quality data through reproducible systematic procedures. Within the field of morphometrics, it is vital to adopt digital methods that help mitigate human bias from data collection. In addition, mathematically founded approaches can reduce subjective decisions which plague classical data. This can be further developed through automation, which increases the efficiency of data collection and analysis. With these concepts in mind, we introduce two open-source shape analysis software, that arose from projects within the medical imaging field. These are ImageJ, an image processing program with batch processing features, and 3D Slicer which focuses on 3D informatics and visualisation. They are easily extensible using common programming languages, with 3D Slicer containing an internal python interactor, and ImageJ allowing the incorporation of several programming languages within its interface alongside its own simplified macro language. Additional features created by other users are readily available, on GitHub or through the software itself. In the examples presented, an ImageJ plugin “FossilJ” has been developed which provides semi-automated morphometric bivalve data collection. 3D Slicer is used with the extension SPHARM-PDM, applied to synchrotron scans of coniform conodonts for comparative morphometrics, for which small assistant tools have been created in Python.

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Hypothesis Testing

Strategy in 3D ◽

10.1093/oso/9780190081478.003.0015 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 130-137

Author(s):

Greg Fisher ◽

John E. Wisneski ◽

Rene M. Bakker

Keyword(s):

Data Collection ◽

Hypothesis Testing ◽

Decision Maker ◽

Potential Solution ◽

Efficient Mechanism ◽

Underlying Theory ◽

Data Collection And Analysis ◽

Initial Hypothesis ◽

Core Idea ◽

The Way

The purpose of hypothesis testing is to provide the decision maker with an efficient mechanism for reducing uncertainty using an inferential procedure to test the credibility of a potential solution to a strategic challenge. This is done by choosing an initial hypothesis about how to solve a problem and limiting data collection and analysis to those data that either defend or reject this hypothesis. This can be far more efficient than traditional methods of collecting data without purpose and deducing solutions by analyzing relevant data and eliminating irrelevant data along the way. This chapter discusses the underlying theory, core idea, depiction, process, insight or value created, and risks and limitations of hypothesis testing. The chapter also continues the illustration of the DISH Network and applies the steps of hypothesis testing to this case.

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Qualitative Research in Veterinary Medical Education: Part 2—Carrying Out Research Projects

Journal of Veterinary Medical Education ◽

10.3138/jvme-2019-0101-p2 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 48 (5) ◽

pp. 519-527

Author(s):

Eva King ◽

Emma C. Scholz ◽

Susan M. Matthew ◽

Liz H. Mossop ◽

Kate A. Cobb ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Qualitative Research ◽

Medical Education ◽

Data Collection ◽

Qualitative Study ◽

Qualitative Inquiry ◽

Research Projects ◽

Research Experience ◽

Research Paradigms ◽

Data Collection And Analysis ◽

Medical Educators

This is the second of two articles that together comprise an orientation and introduction to qualitative research for veterinary medical educators who may be new to research, or for those whose research experience is based on the quantitative traditions of biomedicine. In the first article ( Part 1—Principles of Qualitative Design), we explored the types of research interests and goals suited to qualitative inquiry and introduced the concepts of research paradigms and methodologies. In this second article, we move to the strategies and actions involved in conducting a qualitative study, including selection and sampling of research sites and participants, data collection and analysis. We introduce some guidelines for reporting qualitative research and explore the ways in which qualitative research is evaluated and the findings applied. Throughout, we provide illustrative examples from veterinary and human medical education and suggest useful resources for further reading. Taken together, the two articles build an understanding of qualitative research, outline how it may be conducted, and equip readers with an improved capacity to appraise its value.

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ImageJ and 3D Slicer: open source 2/3D morphometric software

10.7287/peerj.preprints.27998v2 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Fiona Pye ◽

Nussaȉbah B Raja ◽

Bryan Shirley ◽

Ádám T Kocsis ◽

Niklas Hohmann ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Data Collection ◽

Open Source ◽

Programming Languages ◽

Quality Data ◽

Software Projects ◽

High Quality Data ◽

3D Slicer ◽

Data Collection And Analysis ◽

Digital Methods ◽

Imagej Plugin

In a world where an increasing number of resources are hidden behind paywalls and monthly subscriptions, it is becoming crucial for the scientific community to invest energy into freely available, community-maintained systems. Open-source software projects offer a solution, with freely available code which users can utilise and modify, under an open source licence. In addition to software accessibility and methodological repeatability, this also enables and encourages the development of new tools. As palaeontology moves towards data driven methodologies, it is becoming more important to acquire and provide high quality data through reproducible systematic procedures. Within the field of morphometrics, it is vital to adopt digital methods that help mitigate human bias from data collection. In addition, mathematically founded approaches can reduce subjective decisions which plague classical data. This can be further developed through automation, which increases the efficiency of data collection and analysis. With these concepts in mind, we introduce two open-source shape analysis software, that arose from projects within the medical imaging field. These are ImageJ, an image processing program with batch processing features, and 3D Slicer which focuses on 3D informatics and visualisation. They are easily extensible using common programming languages, with 3D Slicer containing an internal python interactor, and ImageJ allowing the incorporation of several programming languages within its interface alongside its own simplified macro language. Additional features created by other users are readily available, on GitHub or through the software itself. In the examples presented, an ImageJ plugin “FossilJ” has been developed which provides semi-automated morphometric bivalve data collection. 3D Slicer is used with the extension SPHARM-PDM, applied to synchrotron scans of coniform conodonts for comparative morphometrics, for which small assistant tools have been created in Python.

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Rigor in Health-Related Research: Toward an Expanded Conceptualization

International Journal of Health Services ◽

10.2190/e6e5-r0tp-pb1c-v4pk ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 18 (3) ◽

pp. 361-392 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

John W. Ratcliffe ◽

Amalia Gonzalez-Del-Valle

Keyword(s):

Data Collection ◽

Research Process ◽

Health Issues ◽

Related Research ◽

Data Collection And Analysis ◽

Health Related Research ◽

Health Related ◽

The Many ◽

Made In ◽

The Way

When the research process is viewed not merely as a set of methods for data collection and analysis but, instead, as an integrated series of arbitrary choices made by the researcher, it quickly becomes apparent that the prevailing conceptualization of rigor is much too narrow; indeed, the way rigor is currently conceptualized may well be responsible for the many errors that are commonly made in the research process. An expanded conceptualization of rigor is presented, and its implications for research into some critical health issues are discussed in some detail.

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