A Multiple Natural Hazards Assessment Model Based on Geomorphic Terrain Units

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael W. Hernandez
Keyword(s):  
Natural Hazards ◽  
Natural Hazard ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Assessment Model ◽  
Terrain Mapping ◽  
Mapping Unit ◽  
Hazards Assessment ◽  
Unit Scale ◽  
Terrain Unit

A Multiple Natural Hazards Assessment (MNHA) procedural model was developed to provide stakeholders (e.g., community planners and decision makers) with a clear methodology that examines the landscape as a probabilistic-based composite measure of the natural hazards at a terrain mapping unit scale. The model consists of four phases: (1) data collection; (2) individual natural hazard assessment (INHA); (3) Geomorphic Terrain Unit (GTU) development; and (4) composite MNHA classification. The model was tested in a case study across southern Davis County, Utah. Six hazards were integrated within a GIS model, producing a nonweighted probabilistic-based multi-hazard classification across GTUs. Examination of the results by stakeholders showed great potential for the model. During the evaluation workshop, stakeholders concurred that normalizing the class values using a simple frequency-based scale makes it easier to discern the differences in composite hazardousness across the community. The model is easily expanded to include objective or subjective weighting factors.

A Multiple Natural Hazards Assessment Model Based on Geomorphic Terrain Units

2016 ◽  
pp. 435-458
Author(s):  
Michael W. Hernandez
Keyword(s):  
Natural Hazards ◽  
Assessment Model ◽  
Composite Measure ◽  
Mapping Unit ◽  
Gis Model ◽  
Hazards Assessment ◽  
Unit Scale ◽  
Terrain Unit ◽  
Terrain Units

A Multiple Natural Hazards Assessment (MNHA) procedural model was developed to provide stakeholders (e.g., community planners and decision makers) with a clear methodology that examines the landscape as a probabilistic-based composite measure of the natural hazards at a terrain mapping unit scale. The model consists of four phases: (1) data collection; (2) individual natural hazard assessment (INHA); (3) Geomorphic Terrain Unit (GTU) development; and (4) composite MNHA classification. The model was tested in a case study across southern Davis County, Utah. Six hazards were integrated within a GIS model, producing a nonweighted probabilistic-based multi-hazard classification across GTUs. Examination of the results by stakeholders showed great potential for the model. During the evaluation workshop, stakeholders concurred that normalizing the class values using a simple frequency-based scale makes it easier to discern the differences in composite hazardousness across the community. The model is easily expanded to include objective or subjective weighting factors.

scholarly journals Assessing the efficiency and the criticality of the elements belonging to a complex territorial system subject to natural hazards

2006 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Minciardi ◽  
R. Sacile ◽  
E. Trasforini
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Management ◽  
Natural Hazards ◽  
External Stress ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Decision Problems ◽  
Natural Phenomenon ◽  
Physical Vulnerability ◽  
Natural Risk ◽  
Service Demand

Abstract. The effects of natural hazards can be mitigated by the use of proper "pre-event" interventions on "key" elements of the territory, that is on elements that are mostly vulnerable to a given catastrophic scenario and whose loss of functionality can cause damages on people, property and environment. In this respect, methodologies and tools should be studied to support decision makers in the analysis of a territory, in order to point out such elements. In this work, vulnerability is taken into account under two aspects: "physical vulnerability", which measures the propensity of a territorial element to suffer damage when subject to an external stress corresponding to the occurrence of a natural phenomenon; "functional vulnerability", which measures the propensity of a territorial element to suffer loss in functionality, even when that is caused by the loss of functionality of other territorial elements. In the proposed modeling approach, vulnerability is represented through the use of a graph-based formalization. A territorial system is represented as a complex set of elements or sub-systems. Such elements have differentiated and dedicated functions, and they may be functionally interconnected among them. In addition, vulnerability is defined through the use of two different variables, namely the criticality and the efficiency. Focusing the attention on the temporal phases corresponding to the occurrence of a calamitous event, the first one measures the service demand of an element, whereas the efficiency is a measure of the service that can be offered by such an element. The approach presented is largely independent from the natural risk considered. Besides, the tools introduced for the vulnerability analysis of the territorial system can also be used to formalize decision problems relevant to the location of the available resources for emergency management. A specific case study pertaining to the hydrological risk in the Val di Vara area (Italy) is presented.

scholarly journals Financial risk assessment methodology for natural hazards

2006 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajesh P. Dhakal ◽  
John B. Mander
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Natural Hazards ◽  
Financial Risk ◽  
Natural Hazard ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
System Capacity ◽  
Highway Bridge ◽  
Assessment Methodology ◽  
Financial Loss ◽  
Risk Assessment Methodology

Engineered facilities are deemed safe if they have little or no probability of incurring damage when subjected to regular actions or natural hazards. Any probability of the performance of any designed system (i.e. capacity) not being able to meet the performance required of it (i.e. demand) results in risk, which might be expressed either as a likelihood of damage or potential financial loss. Engineers are used to dealing with the former (i.e. damage), which gives a fair indication of repair/strengthening work needed to bring the system back to full functionality. Nevertheless, other non-technical stakeholders (such as owners, insurers, decision-makers) of the designed facilities cannot read too much from damage. Hence, risk, if interpreted in terms of damage only, will not be comprehended by all stakeholders. On the other hand, financial risk expressed in terms of probable dollar loss in easily understood by all. Therefore, there is an impetus on developing methodologies which correlate the system capacity and demand to financial risk. This paper builds on the existing probabilistic risk assessment methodology and extends it to estimate expected annual financial loss. The general methodology formulated in this paper is applicable to any engineered facilities and any natural hazard. To clarify the process, the proposed methodology is applied to assess overall financial risk of a highway bridge pier due to seismic hazard.

Political Economy and Natural Hazards Mitigation: State Incentives for Tornado Shelters

2008 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 77-92
Author(s):  
Daniel Sutter ◽  
Eric Stephenson
Keyword(s):  
Political Economy ◽  
Hurricane Katrina ◽  
Natural Hazards ◽  
Natural Hazard ◽  
The Political ◽  
Risk Increase ◽  
Low Probability ◽  
Tornado Shelters ◽  
State Incentives

Abstract Hurricane Katrina has spurred public choice economists’ interest in the political economy of natural hazards. We provide a case study in the political economy of hazards mitigation from tornado shelters in Oklahoma. We analyze the determinants of support for a referendum for a tax exemption for tornado shelters, and then the number of shelters enrolled for the exemption. Generally the determinants of support for the referendum are consistent with the determinants of subsequent shelter installation. Particularly, greater tornado risk increase both support for the referendum and installation, which suggests that individuals do not ignore a low probability natural hazard risk either as voters or consumers.

Metadata-based data quality assessment

2016 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 232-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mustafa Aljumaili ◽  
Ramin Karim ◽  
Phillip Tretten
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Data Quality ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Assessment Model ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Data Quality Assessment ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Metadata Analysis

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to develop data quality (DQ) assessment model based on content analysis and metadata analysis. Design/methodology/approach A literature review of DQ assessment models has been conducted. A study of DQ key performances (KPIs) has been done. Finally, the proposed model has been developed and applied in a case study. Findings The results of this study shows that the metadata data have important information about DQ in a database and can be used to assess DQ to provide decision support for decision makers. Originality/value There is a lot of DQ assessment in the literature; however, metadata are not considered in these models. The model developed in this study is based on metadata in addition to the content analysis, to find a quantitative DQ assessment.

scholarly journals Application of a Sustainability Model for Assessing the Relocation of a Container Terminal: A Case Study of Kristiansand Port

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariia Dushenko ◽  
Clemet Thærie Bjorbæk ◽  
Kenn Steger-Jensen
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Sustainability Assessment ◽  
Container Terminal ◽  
Development Project ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Assessment Model ◽  
Infrastructure Investment ◽  
Model Framework

Sustainable development, a new interdisciplinary paradigm, is attracting increasing attention from the global research community. It is an enhancement of sustainability principles. This study documents the findings from applying a sustainability assessment model framework by Koo and Ariaratnam (2008) for decision support in connection with the projection of major infrastructure investment in a port. The objective of this study is to support the decision-making process in a port development project and to verify the applicability of sustainability assessment using a sustainability assessment model for a terminal development project in an urban area of Scandinavia. The sustainability assessment model is based on the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). A literature review of sustainability assessment models was conducted to find indicators for the AHP approach. Subsequently, a questionnaire was compiled and six decision-makers for projects in Scandinavian Ports in urban areas were selected for the case study. The hypothesis is that decision-makers of major infrastructure investment projects in publicly owned ports must adhere to sustainable development principles and support the United Nations sustainable development goals that are a call for action by all countries. When documenting a sustainable design of port projects, decision-makers use theoretical sustainability models to conceptualize features of a sustainable society. However, a major challenge for the decision-makers was that the sustainability assessment results did not show, as expected, the same results as those of three existing theoretical sustainability models. The results of the sustainability assessment model were scrutinised and benchmarked against existing theoretical sustainability models, namely: a sustainability stool, a 3-overlappingcircles model, and a 3-nesteddependencies model. The benchmark results indicate a disparity between the importance of what sustainability models describe and what is important in practice.

scholarly journals Fuzzy set theory driven maintenance sustainability performance assessment model: a multiple criteria approach

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Jasiulewicz-Kaczmarek ◽  
Patryk Żywica ◽  
Arkadiusz Gola
Keyword(s):  
Technology Development ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Assessment Model ◽  
Economic Dimension ◽  
Maintenance System ◽  
Synthetic Index ◽  
Environmental Requirements

AbstractDuring the last five decades, manufacturing has radically changed not only due to the technology development but also because of the new market and environmental requirements. Nowadays, companies are focused not only on cost-reduction and effectiveness or realized processes but also on reducing the negative impact on natural and social environment. Therefore, the maintenance is also transforming its role in order to better support value creation, both contributing to the economic dimension as well as extending its care for the environmental and social aspects. The paper presents a new method to solve the problem of the initial maintenance indicator merge into a new synthetic index that allows measuring the level of maintenance sustainability. The proposed approach allows to look at the process of combining indicators from a different perspective (i.e. through interactions between criteria) to help decision-makers in improving economic, social and environmental results of maintenance system. To justify effectiveness of proposed approach, it was applied to Composite Maintenance Sustainability Indicator, which was therefore generalized and expanded, so that it could be used in decision support system. The included case study shows the real benefit of using the proposed approach to analyse the actual results of maintenance system from sustainability point of view and forecasting future actions.

scholarly journals Multi-hazard assessment using GIS in the urban areas: Case study - Banja Luka municipality, B&H

2013 ◽  
Vol 93 (4) ◽  
pp. 41-50
Author(s):  
Radislav Tosic ◽  
Slavoljub Dragicevic ◽  
Novica Lovric ◽  
Ivica Milevski
Keyword(s):  
Urban Communities ◽  
Natural Hazards ◽  
Hazard Assessment ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Natural Hazard ◽  
Hazard Mapping ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Administrative Units ◽  
Banja Luka

The research presents a techniques for natural hazard assessment using GIS and cartographic approaches with multi-hazard mapping in urban communities, because natural hazards are a multi-dimensional phenomena which have a spatial component. Therefore the use of Remote Sensing and GIS has an important function and become essential in urban multi-hazard assessment. The first aim of this research was to determine the geographical distributions of the major types of natural hazards in the study area. Seismic hazards, landslides, rockfalls, floods, torrential floods, and excessive erosion are the most significant natural hazards within the territory of Banja Luka Municipality. Areas vulnerable to some of these natural hazards were singled out using analytical maps. Based on these analyses, an integral map of the natural hazards of the study area was created using multi-hazard assessment and the total vulnerability was determined by overlapping the results. The detailed analysis, through the focused research within the most vulnerable areas in the study area will highlight the administrative units (urban centres and communes) that are vulnerable to various types of natural hazard. The results presented in this article are the first multi-hazard assessment and the first version of the integral map of natural hazards in the Republic of Srpska.

scholarly journals Do Disaster Literacy and Mitigation Policy Affect Residents Resettling in Tsunami Prone Areas? Study from the City of Banda Aceh, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Khairunnisa Khairunnisa ◽  
Yusya Abubakar ◽  
Didik Sugianto
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Natural Hazards ◽  
Natural Hazard ◽  
Hazard Mitigation ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Tsunami Risk ◽  
Banda Aceh

Akbar, A., Ma'rif, S. (2014). Arah Perkembangan Kawasan Perumahan Pasca Bencana Tsunami di Kota Banda Aceh. Teknik PWK (Perencanaan Wilayah Kota), 3(2), 274-284.Bandrova, T., Zlatanova, S., Konecny, M. (2012). Three-dimensional maps for disaster management. In ISPRS Annals of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences, Volume I-2, XXII ISPRS Congress, August-September 2012, pp. 19-24. International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing.BNPB. (2012). Menuju Indonesia Tangguh Tsunami. Jakarta: Badan Nasional Penanggulangan Bencana.BNPB. (2016). Kebijakan dan Strategi Penanggulangan Bencana 2015-2019 (Jakstra PB).BPBA. (2015). Kajian Risiko Bencana Aceh 2016-2020.BPBD. (2017). Rencana Pengurangan Bencana. Banda Aceh.BRR. (2005). Program Blueprint Aceh.Carreño, M. L., Cardona, O. D., Barbat, A. H. (2007). A Disaster Risk Management Performance Index. Natural Hazards, 41(1), 1-20.Danugroho, A., Umamah, N., Pratama, A. R. (2020). Aceh Tsunami and Government Policy in Handling It: A Historical Study. In IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science (Vol. 485, No. 1, p. 012140). IOP Publishing.Febriana, D. S., Abubakar, Y. (2015). Kesiapsiagaan Masyarakat Desa Siaga Bencana dalam Menghadapi Bencana Gempa Bumi di Kecamatan Meuraxa Kota Banda Aceh. Jurnal Ilmu Kebencanaan: Program Pascasarjana Unsyiah, 2(3).Gadeng, A. N., Furqan, M. H. (2019). The Development of Settlement in the Tsunami Red Zone Area of Banda Aceh City. KnE Social Sciences, 1-13.Godschalk, D., Bohl, C. C., Beatley, T., Berke, P., Brower, D., Kaiser, E. J. (1999). Natural Hazard Mitigation: Recasting Disaster Policy and Planning. Island press.Goltz, J., Yamori, K. (2020). Tsunami Preparedness and Mitigation Strategies. In Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Natural Hazard Science.Herrmann, G. (2013). Regulation of Coastal Zones and Natural Disasters: Mitigating the Impact of Tsunamis in Chile Through Urban and Regional Planning. Issues in Legal Scholarship, 11(1), 29-44.Jain, Garima., Singh, Chandni and Malani, T. (2017). Rethinking Post-disaster Relocation in Urban India. International Institute for Environment and Development.Kafle, S. K. (2006). Rapid Disaster Risk Assessment of Coastal Communities: A Case Study of Mutiara Village, Banda Aceh, Indonesia. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Environment and Disaster Management Held in Jakarta, Indonesia on December (pp. 5-8).Mardiatno, D., Malawani, M. N., Annisa, D. N., Wacano, D. (2017). Review on Tsunami Risk Reduction in Indonesia Based on Coastal and Settlement Typology. The Indonesian Journal of Geography, 49(2), 186-197.Marlyono, S. G. (2017). Peranan Literasi Informasi Bencana terhadap Kesiapsiagaan Bencana Masyarakat Jawa Barat. Jurnal Geografi Gea, 16(2), 116-123.Oktari, R. S., Nugroho, A., Fahmi, M., Suppasri, A., Munadi, K., Amra, R. (2021). Fifteen years of the 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami in Aceh-Indonesia: Mitigation, preparedness and challenges for a long-term disaster recovery process. International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction, 54, 102052.Peacock, W. G. and H. R. (2011). The Adoption and Implementation of Hazard Mitigation Policies and Strategies by Coastal Jurisdictions in Texas: The Planning Survey Results. Retrieved from http/TheAdoptionandImplementationofHazardMitigationPoliciesandStrategiesbyCoastalJurisdictionsinTexasDec2011.pdfPemerintah Kota Banda Aceh. (2009).Rencana Tata Ruang dan Wilayah (RTRW) Kota Banda Aceh 2009-2029.Priyowidodo, G., Luik, J. E. (2013). Literasi mitigasi bencana tsunami untuk masyarakat pesisir di Kabupaten Pacitan Jawa Timur. Ekotrans, 13(1), 47-61.PU, K. (2015). Rancangan Pembangunan Infrastruktur dan Inventaris Jangka Menengah (RPI-2JM) Bidang Cipta Karya 2015-2019.Sambah, A. B., Miura, F. (2019). Geo Spatial Analysis for Tsunami Risk Mapping. In Advanced Remote Sensing Technology for Synthetic Aperture Radar Applications, Tsunami Disasters, and Infrastructure. IntechOpen.Schwab, A. K., Sandler, D., Brower, D. J. (2016). Hazard Mitigation and Preparedness: An Introductory Text For Emergency Management and Planning Professionals. CRC Press.Shigenobu, T., Istiyanto, D., Kuribayashi, D. (2009). Sustainable Tsunami Risk Reduction and Utilization of Tsunami Hazard Map (THM).Strunz, G., Post, J., Zosseder, K., Wegscheider, S., Mück, M., Riedlinger, T., ... Muhari, A. (2011). Tsunami Risk Assessment in Indonesia. Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences, 11(1), 67-82.Sugiyono. (2015). Metode penelitian pendidikan:(pendekatan kuantitatif, kualitatif dan R D). Bandung: Alfabeta.Sunarto, S., Marfai, M. A. (2012). Potensi Bencana Tsunami dan Kesiapsiagaan Masyarakat Menghadapi Bencana Studi Kasus Desa Sumberagung Banyuwangi Jawa Timur. 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scholarly journals Optimizing the Environmental and Economic Sustainability of Remote Community Infrastructure

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 2208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jamie E. Filer ◽  
Justin D. Delorit ◽  
Andrew J. Hoisington ◽  
Steven J. Schuldt
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impacts ◽  
Sustainability Assessment ◽  
Model Performance ◽  
Assessment Model ◽  
Remote Communities ◽  
Remote Community ◽  
Rural Villages ◽  
Sustainable Technologies ◽  
Study Results

Remote communities such as rural villages, post-disaster housing camps, and military forward operating bases are often located in remote and hostile areas with limited or no access to established infrastructure grids. Operating these communities with conventional assets requires constant resupply, which yields a significant logistical burden, creates negative environmental impacts, and increases costs. For example, a 2000-member isolated village in northern Canada relying on diesel generators required 8.6 million USD of fuel per year and emitted 8500 tons of carbon dioxide. Remote community planners can mitigate these negative impacts by selecting sustainable technologies that minimize resource consumption and emissions. However, the alternatives often come at a higher procurement cost and mobilization requirement. To assist planners with this challenging task, this paper presents the development of a novel infrastructure sustainability assessment model capable of generating optimal tradeoffs between minimizing environmental impacts and minimizing life-cycle costs over the community’s anticipated lifespan. Model performance was evaluated using a case study of a hypothetical 500-person remote military base with 864 feasible infrastructure portfolios and 48 procedural portfolios. The case study results demonstrated the model’s novel capability to assist planners in identifying optimal combinations of infrastructure alternatives that minimize negative sustainability impacts, leading to remote communities that are more self-sufficient with reduced emissions and costs.

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