Multi-Dimensional Indexes in DBMSs

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 40-50
Author(s):  
Thomas Mercieca ◽  
Joseph G. Vella
Keyword(s):  
Multimedia Data ◽  
Index Structure ◽  
Specific Storage ◽  
Worst Case ◽  
Access Method ◽  
Performance Targets ◽  
Building Process ◽  
Efficient Retrieval ◽  
Spatial Indexes ◽  
Insight Into

Multi-dimensional data is present across multimedia, data mining and other data-driven applications. The R-Tree is a popular index structure that DBMSs are implementing as core for efficient retrieval of such data. The gap between the best and worst-case performance is very wide in an R-tree. Thus, building quality R-trees quickly is desirable. Variations differ in how node overflow are approached during the building process. This article studies the R-Tree technique that the open-source PostgreSQL DBMS uses. Focus is on a specific parameter controlling node overflows as an optimisation target, and improved configurations are proposed. This parameter is hard-wired into the DBMS, and therefore, an implementation is presented to allow this parameter to become accessible through an SQL construct. The access method designer can resort to configuring this parameter when trying to meet specific storage or time-related performance targets. With this study, the reader can gain an insight into the effects of changing the parameter by considering the spatial indexes on well-known workloads.

Simple Hardworking Christian Folks, or the Self-Image of Contemporary Belarusian Kolkhozniks

2013 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 260-279
Author(s):  
Anna Engelking
Keyword(s):  
Collective Identity ◽  
Field Research ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Image ◽  
Building Process ◽  
The Common ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Christian Nation ◽  
Source Materials ◽  
Insight Into

This article concerns the anthropological inquiry about collective identity of contemporary Belarusian kolkhozniks. The author had conducted her field research (1993-2011) in both west and east Belarus. Source materials consist of about seven hundred conversations with individuals overwhelmingly more than sixty years of age. By analyzing and interpreting their narrative, the author traced the implicit values, norms, rules, basic semiotic dichotomies, and distinctive attributes in search of an unbiased insight into the content, structure, and building process of collective identity of the subjects under study. She concludes that the dichotomies, constitutive for collective identity of kolkhozniks—“peasant” versus “lord,” “peasant” versus “Jew,” and “Christian” versus “Jew”—result in the self-definition of muzhik-kolkhoznik as a simple, hard-working man “from here” belonging to a “Christian nation.” Neither the nation nor motherland, state nor language, belongs to the principal values of this group, which are “working the land” and “faith in God.” As a result of the petrifaction of the old model of the serfdom manor by the Soviet kolkhoz system, in a Belarusian village we presently encounter one of the last European residuals of premodern mentality and social identity. The image of Belarusian kolkhozniks’ collective identity has little to do with the popular category of Homo sovieticus and with the common stereotype of the kolkhoz. The human subject of the author’s anthropological reflection shows up as a person dealing amazingly well with extremely difficult living conditions and the modern, vivid personification of the archaic Homo religiosus.

A Comparison between Architects' and Residents' Perceived Living Quality in Wooden Multifamily Houses in Sweden

2020 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
pp. 462-468
Author(s):  
Fredrik Lindblad ◽  
Åsa Gustavsson
Keyword(s):  
Market Share ◽  
Environmental Concern ◽  
Housing Development ◽  
Quality Perceptions ◽  
Building Process ◽  
Concrete Building ◽  
Material Choice ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Modern Building

Abstract There is currently great interest in the production of wooden multifamily houses in Sweden, due to increased environmental concern combined with a demand for modern building solutions. The focus in industry and academia alike has been dominated by new innovative building solutions along with increased industrialization of the building process, aiming to improve the overall building quality and the profitability for the involved actors. However, little attention has been paid to what the residents perceive as living quality. Understanding residents' perceived living quality—compared with architects' perceptions—allows the possibility of adjusting the modern building solution of wooden multifamily houses in order to meet residents' actual expectations and, in the long term, to increase the wood-building industries' market share. The purpose of this article is to compare how residents and architects perceive living quality and whether these stakeholders' perceptions differ regarding building type and material choice (i.e., multifamily wooden or concrete buildings). A survey was sent out to 485 respondents in Sweden to gain insight into living quality perceptions. The results revealed discrepancies in what is perceived to be important in new housing development, although neither group was willing to pay more to live in a wooden building compared with a concrete building.

scholarly journals d-PBWT: dynamic positional Burrows-Wheeler transform

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahsan Sanaullah ◽  
Degui Zhi ◽  
Shaojie Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Data Structure ◽  
Time Complexity ◽  
Linear Time ◽  
Genotype Imputation ◽  
Worst Case ◽  
Average Case ◽  
Insertion And Deletion ◽  
Static Data ◽  
Efficient Retrieval ◽  
Burrows Wheeler Transform

AbstractDurbin’s PBWT, a scalable data structure for haplotype matching, has been successfully applied to identical by descent (IBD) segment identification and genotype imputation. Once the PBWT of a haplotype panel is constructed, it supports efficient retrieval of all shared long segments among all individuals (long matches) and efficient query between an external haplotype and the panel. However, the standard PBWT is an array-based static data structure and does not support dynamic updates of the panel. Here, we generalize the static PBWT to a dynamic data structure, d-PBWT, where the reverse prefix sorting at each position is represented by linked lists. We developed efficient algorithms for insertion and deletion of individual haplotypes. In addition, we verified that d-PBWT can support all algorithms of PBWT. In doing so, we systematically investigated variations of set maximal match and long match query algorithms: while they all have average case time complexity independent of database size, they have different worst case complexities, linear time complexity with the size of the genome, and dependency on additional data structures.

scholarly journals An algorithm for discovering Lagrangians automatically from data

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. e31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel J.A. Hills ◽  
Adrian M. Grütter ◽  
Jonathan J. Hudson
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Models ◽  
Prior Knowledge ◽  
Model Building ◽  
Mechanical Systems ◽  
Future Evolution ◽  
Least Action ◽  
Building Process ◽  
Principle Of Least Action ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Model Building Process

An activity fundamental to science is building mathematical models. These models are used to both predict the results of future experiments and gain insight into the structure of the system under study. We present an algorithm that automates the model building process in a scientifically principled way. The algorithm can take observed trajectories from a wide variety of mechanical systems and, without any other prior knowledge or tuning of parameters, predict the future evolution of the system. It does this by applying the principle of least action and searching for the simplest Lagrangian that describes the system’s behaviour. By generating this Lagrangian in a human interpretable form, it can also provide insight into the workings of the system.

Reformed Theology and Modern Biblical Criticism

2020 ◽  
pp. 112-133
Author(s):  
Don Collett ◽  
Mark Gignilliat
Keyword(s):  
Holy Spirit ◽  
Reformed Theology ◽  
Institutional Dynamics ◽  
Previous Discussion ◽  
Building Process ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
The Holy Spirit ◽  
Historical Phenomenon ◽  
Canonical Text ◽  
Insight Into

Reformed theology’s relation to scripture’s canonical status as divine in genesis, preservation, and purpose settles comfortably alongside the Bible’s creaturely and historical character. As the previous discussion intimates, the canonical formation of scripture as a two-testament canon is itself an historical phenomenon, the result of a tradition-building process under the providential governance of human activities. Reshaping scripture’s canonical form in light of a reconstructed historical or tradition-historical schema runs the real danger of attenuating this achievement of providence. Modern criticism brings a set of challenges and opportunities for Reformed theology and hermeneutics. Where modern criticism dismantles the canonical text, Reformed thought registers its reservations. Where modern criticism provides insight into the historical and literary machinations leading to scripture’s final form, a Reformed view of providence remains open to critical inquiry. Navigating these challenges within the institutional dynamics of Reformed thought continues as a challenge. But the twin commitments remain intact. The Christian scriptures as a twofold canon assume the operative work of the Holy Spirit in scripture’s human production and continued effectiveness.

scholarly journals Progressive Damage Modeling of Fiberglass/Epoxy Composites with Manufacturing Induced Waves Common to Wind Turbine Blades

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jared W. Nelson ◽  
Trey W. Riddle ◽  
Douglas S. Cairns
Keyword(s):  
Turbine Blades ◽  
Progressive Damage ◽  
State University ◽  
Damage Modeling ◽  
Wind Turbine Blades ◽  
Worst Case ◽  
Discrete Method ◽  
Manufacturing Defects ◽  
Montana State University ◽  
Insight Into

Abstract. As part of the Blade Reliability Collaborative, the Montana State University Composites Group has investigated the effects of manufacturing defects. To better understand and predict these effects, various progressive damage modeling approaches were investigated. While the use of damage modeling has increased with improved computational capabilities, they are often performed for worst-case scenarios where damage or defects are replaced with notches or holes. To contribute to the establishment of a protocol understanding and quantifying the effects of these defects, a three-round study was performed using continuum, discrete, and combined damage modeling. This approach relied on a systematically comparing consistency, accuracy and predictive capability for each model. These models were constructed to match the coupons from, and compare the results to, the characterization and material testing study. A standard defect case was chosen and initially used for each modeling approach to perform the qualitative and quantitative comparisons. It was found that while each model was able to show certain attributes, the most consistent, accurate, and predictive model was based on a combined continuum/discrete method. Overall, the results indicate that this combined approach may provide insight into blade performance with known defects when used in conjunction with a probabilistic flaw framework.

Correlation-Based Ranking for Large-Scale Video Concept Retrieval

2010 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 60-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lin Lin ◽  
Mei-Ling Shyu
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Retrieval System ◽  
Video Retrieval ◽  
Multiple Correspondence Analysis ◽  
Multimedia Data ◽  
Ranking Algorithm ◽  
Video Content ◽  
Semantic Concepts ◽  
Efficient Retrieval ◽  
High Level

Motivated by the growing use of multimedia services and the explosion of multimedia collections, efficient retrieval from large-scale multimedia data has become very important in multimedia content analysis and management. In this paper, a novel ranking algorithm is proposed for video retrieval. First, video content is represented by the global and local features and second, multiple correspondence analysis (MCA) is applied to capture the correlation between video content and semantic concepts. Next, video segments are scored by considering the features with high correlations and the transaction weights converted from correlations. Finally, a user interface is implemented in a video retrieval system that allows the user to enter his/her interested concept, searches videos based on the target concept, ranks the retrieved video segments using the proposed ranking algorithm, and then displays the top-ranked video segments to the user. Experimental results on 30 concepts from the TRECVID high-level feature extraction task have demonstrated that the presented video retrieval system assisted by the proposed ranking algorithm is able to retrieve more video segments belonging to the target concepts and to display more relevant results to the users.

Data Mining-Based CBIR System

2018 ◽  
pp. 440-457
Author(s):  
Shruti Kohli ◽  
Vijay Shankar Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Data Mining ◽  
Social Network Sites ◽  
Image Databases ◽  
Multimedia Data ◽  
Content Based Image Retrieval ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Multimedia Networks ◽  
Useful Knowledge ◽  
Large Databases ◽  
Efficient Retrieval

Multimedia mining primarily involves information analysis and retrieval based on implicit knowledge. The ever increasing digital image databases on the internet has created a need for using multimedia mining on these databases for effective and efficient retrieval of images. Contents of an image can be expressed in different features such as Shape, Texture and Intensity-distribution (STI). Content Based Image Retrieval (CBIR) is the efficient retrieval of relevant images from large databases based on features extracted from the image. The emergence and proliferation of social network sites such as Facebook, Twitter and LinkedIn and other multimedia networks such as Flickr has further accelerated the need of efficient CBIR systems. Analyzing this huge amount of multimedia data to discover useful knowledge is a challenging task. Most of the existing systems either concentrate on a single representation of all features or linear combination of these features. The need of the day is New Image Mining techniques need to be explored and a self-adaptable CBIR system needs to be developed.

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