Automatic Crack Classification by Exploiting Statistical Event Descriptors for Deep Learning

In modern building infrastructures, the chance to devise adaptive and unsupervised data-driven structural health monitoring (SHM) systems is gaining in popularity. This is due to the large availability of big data from low-cost sensors with communication capabilities and advanced modeling tools such as deep learning. A promising method suitable for smart SHM is the analysis of acoustic emissions (AEs), i.e., ultrasonic waves generated by internal ruptures of the concrete when it is stressed. The advantage in respect to traditional ultrasonic measurement methods is the absence of the emitter and the suitability to implement continuous monitoring. The main purpose of this paper is to combine deep neural networks with bidirectional long short term memory and advanced statistical analysis involving instantaneous frequency and spectral kurtosis to develop an accurate classification tool for tensile, shear and mixed modes originated from AE events (cracks). We investigated effective event descriptors to capture the unique characteristics from the different types of modes. Tests on experimental results confirm that this method achieves promising classification among different crack events and can impact on the design of the future of SHM technologies. This approach is effective to classify incipient damages with 92% of accuracy, which is advantageous to plan maintenance.

STUDY OF THE INFLUENCE OF CALCIUM OXIDES IN LIGHT-FUSION RAW MATERIALS ON THE PROPERTIES OF A CERAMIC PRODUCT

One of the main problems of modern building ceramics based on low-melting raw materials is the increased CaO content in the charge. This deviation from the normative values of the technological parameters of production leads to defects - underburning / overburning, quirks, looseness, low strength. Firing mode, molding parameters, addition of additives, preparation of raw materials are the factors for solving this problem. The Alekseevsk low-melting clay and the Yarmysh (Uzbekistan) loess-like loam were investigated, the destruction of the sample structure upon absorption of moisture from the CaO air was graphically modeled, the diagrams of the dependence of the fi ring temperature on the compressive strength were plott ed, the infl uence of molding and the fi neness of grinding of raw materials on the compressive strength and the nature of the formation of ceramic defects was derived.

Taking the Roof off a Modern Building

<p>Taking the Roof off a Modern Building explores ways to appropriately reactivate modernist architecture, acknowledging the social, economic and contextual constraints of a contemporary provincial New Zealand township. This research is motivated by the lack of use and maintenance of aging Kapiti modern architecture. Like many small towns, Waikanae, in the Kapiti Coast region, has a variety of buildings which are often up for lease. Within this catalogue, the modernist buildings stand out as ones that theoretically should be adaptable for changing requirements. The aim of the research is to develop a design solution to preserve the Parker Building, situated in Mahara Place, understanding the potential implications for the wider region. The research is completed through design experiments which pursue reactivation, examining modernism, preservation and programme. The exploration of spatial possibilities focus on how the Mahara Place shopping precinct may function for social and economic needs of the current society, which differs from when it was built, in the 1970s. Designing is done through a process of research into physical and social constraints, while iterating design ideas, feeding off each other to develop the outcome. New Zealand Modernist Architecture is a relevant research topic due to the prominent place of these buildings in our cities and towns, and their association with many great New Zealand architects. While isolating a site within the Kapiti Region, Mahara Place was highlighted as a strip of buildings not used to their fullest potential. Many buildings similar to these are at risk of demolishment, but research is needed to explore how the interior can function appropriately for the users.</p>

Taking the Roof off a Modern Building

<p>Taking the Roof off a Modern Building explores ways to appropriately reactivate modernist architecture, acknowledging the social, economic and contextual constraints of a contemporary provincial New Zealand township. This research is motivated by the lack of use and maintenance of aging Kapiti modern architecture. Like many small towns, Waikanae, in the Kapiti Coast region, has a variety of buildings which are often up for lease. Within this catalogue, the modernist buildings stand out as ones that theoretically should be adaptable for changing requirements. The aim of the research is to develop a design solution to preserve the Parker Building, situated in Mahara Place, understanding the potential implications for the wider region. The research is completed through design experiments which pursue reactivation, examining modernism, preservation and programme. The exploration of spatial possibilities focus on how the Mahara Place shopping precinct may function for social and economic needs of the current society, which differs from when it was built, in the 1970s. Designing is done through a process of research into physical and social constraints, while iterating design ideas, feeding off each other to develop the outcome. New Zealand Modernist Architecture is a relevant research topic due to the prominent place of these buildings in our cities and towns, and their association with many great New Zealand architects. While isolating a site within the Kapiti Region, Mahara Place was highlighted as a strip of buildings not used to their fullest potential. Many buildings similar to these are at risk of demolishment, but research is needed to explore how the interior can function appropriately for the users.</p>

WIELKOPOLSKA (GREATER POLAND) MILITARY MUSEUM: HISTORY OF AN UNUSUAL MUSEUM

The beginning of historical-military museology in Poznan dates back to the mid-19th century when the Poznan Society of Friends of Learning assumed the responsibility to save historic monuments, and began to establish the Museum of Polish and Slavic Antiquities in the Grand Duchy of Posen (Poznan). The task was to collect archival, library, and museum materials, including militaria. As a result of these efforts, in 1882, the Mielżynski Museum was established which boasted an exquisite painting gallery, containing historical painting, a rich archaeological and military collection, and a sizeable collection of so-called historical mementoes: weapons, orders, decorations, etc. In the aftermath of the Greater Poland Uprising 1918 –1919, the Hindenburg Museum founded in 1916–1918 was transformed into a Military Museum. The ceremonial opening was held on 27 October 1919 by Józef Piłsudski, Poland’s Chief of State. The quickly growing collection was moved from Marcinkowskiego Avenue to the barracks in Bukowska Street, and subsequently to a new seat at 1 Artyleryjska Street in Poznan. The solemn opening of the Wielkopolska Military Museum was held on 22 April 1923 by the Commander of the 7th Corps District Major-General Kazimierz Raszewski. In 1939, anticipating the threat of war, the most precious objects were evacuated eastwards, and looted there. The items which stayed behind ended up in German museums. The mementoes connected with the history of the Polish military were destroyed, and the Museum was wound up. The first attempts at reactivating the Museum following WW II failed. It was only with the 1956 revolt that civil and military authorities changed their approach, The National Museum in Poznan undertook the first efforts. The Museum did not go back to its pre-WW II seat, but found home in a modern building in the Old Market Square in Poznan, to be ceremoniously launched on 22 February 1963 by the Commander of the Operational Air Force in Poznan Brigadier General Pilot Jan Raczkowski. Having recreated its collection, the Wielkopolska Military Museum, already as a Branch of the National Museum in Poznan, has held many exhibitions and shows. Moreover, it has released many publications, and run a broad range of educational activities. Among other projects, it has also made reference to the pre-WW II Museum. On 27 December 2019, a new jubilee exhibition ‘Wielkopolska Military Museum 1919–2019’ recording the 100-years’ history of the oldest historical-military museum in Poland was inaugurated.

JUSTIFICATION AND CHOOSING OF RATIONAL CONSTRUCTIVE CROSSSECTIONS, POSSIBILITIES OF USING IN DIFFERENT CONSTRUCTION DIRECTIONS

The development of modern construction is closely related to the efficient use problemof building materials in terms of rational use materials’ strength properties. The search of rationalstructure in terms of geometric parameters, the materials use and providing the same bearingcapacity is important question in the modern building. The purpose of article is to carry out acomparative analysis of the geometric and strength characteristics of different reinforced concretecross-sections, and consideration of existing methods for calculating the bearing capacity andassessment of the stress-strain state of reinforced concrete beams.The steel-concrete structures using in different building structures is paid much attention in theworld practice. The steel-concrete structures widespread using leads to the economy of materials,reducing the complexity of manufacture, reducing time erection. The using of reinforced concreteleads to significant economy of steel, and set the new tasks for the engineers in the same time: ownweight and geometric parameters reducing of the cross-section without reducing of bearing capacityin whole. With the search for new structures that would meet the building requirements and usage ofdifferent building, nowadays significant attention pays to the improvement and development of thesteel-concrete elements. During the development and improvement of steel-concrete structures,significant changes have been made in terms of ensuring the joint operation of reinforced concreteand steel. Such structures require constant research and improvement in order to reduce their ownweight, financial costs, etc. The question of finding a rational structure in terms of geometricparameters, the materials using, as well as ensuring the same bearing capacity is currently important