scholarly journals Genetic diversity among Brazilian okra landraces detected by morphoagronomic and molecular descriptors

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. e43426
Author(s):  
Luana Rainieri Massucato ◽  
Karina Kazue Nakamura ◽  
Paulo Mauricio Ruas ◽  
Douglas Mariani Zefa ◽  
Derly José Henrique da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Quantitative Traits ◽  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Molecular Descriptors ◽  
Geographical Origin ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Gene Bank ◽  
Aflp Markers ◽  
Distance Measures ◽  
Breeding Programmes

The conservation of okra landraces [Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench] in gene banks is essential for the success of their use in breeding programmes. This study evaluated the genetic diversity among okra landraces in Brazil based on morphoagronomic descriptors and AFLP markers. We studied 30 accessions of the vegetable gene bank of the Universidade Federal de Viçosa. To this end, 17 morphoagronomic descriptors and five combinations of AFLP primers were used. Genetic parameters were estimated for the quantitative traits and the accessions were grouped by Ward’s method, using the Gower’s and Jaccard’s distance measures, respectively, for the morphoagronomic and molecular data. Polymorphisms were observed for all qualitative traits, while the quantitative traits were significant by deviance analysis. The genetic parameters confirmed the existence of variability among accessions, and high accuracy and heritability indices were found for the traits related to fruit and plant height. Ward’s grouping showed no relationship between the clusters formed with the morphoagronomic and molecular data and the geographical origin of the accessions. No association between morphoagronomic descriptors and AFLP markers was observed. The lack of correlation suggests that both approaches of characterization are important to understand and differentiate the okra accessions.

Selection of parents and estimation of genetic parameters using BLUP and molecular methods for lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.) breeding program in Argentina

2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-25
Author(s):  
Carolina Bermejo ◽  
Federico Cazzola ◽  
Fernando Maglia ◽  
Enrique Cointry
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Traits ◽  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Recombinant Inbred Lines ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Breeding Value ◽  
Breeding Values ◽  
High Yields

AbstractThe most important objective of lentil breeding programs is to develop new genotypes that are genetically more productive. Besides, it is necessary that the varieties obtained have short flowering cycles to allow the later sowing of summer crops. Selection is based through phenotypic means; however, we argue it should be based on genetic or breeding values because quantitative traits are often influenced by environments and genotype–environment interactions. The objectives of this study were to: (i) identify genotypes with the highest merit; (ii) estimate genetic parameters to know the genetic control of morphological traits in macrosperma and microsperma lentil types using best linear unbiased prediction (BLUP). Twenty-five recombinant inbred lines (RILs) from six F4 families selected on the basis of precocity and high yields were tested in four environments for important quantitative traits. The analysis of variance showed significant differences between genotypes, environments, and genotype–environment interactions for all the traits. Seven macrosperma- and two microsperma-type RILs were selected. Based on average ranking from breeding values and molecular data obtained with sequence-related amplified polymorphism (SRAP), the same genotypes were selected. Genotypic coefficients of variation, heritability across and by environment, and genetic correlation coefficients using BLUP were obtained. According to our results BLUP could replace molecular analysis methods because the selection process was simpler, more cost-effective, and more accurate. The breeding value of parents would give a better ranking of their genetic value than would their phenotypic value; therefore, the selection efficiency would be enhanced and the genetic gain would be more predictable. The selected genotypes could become potential commercial varieties or be used as parental lines in future hybridization programs.

Genetic diversity in sorghum mini-core and elite rainy and post-rainy genotypes of India

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-137
Author(s):  
Kuyyamudi Nanaiah Ganapathy ◽  
Sujay Rakshit ◽  
Sunil Shriram Gomashe ◽  
Suri Audilakshmi ◽  
Krishna Hariprasanna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Geographical Origin ◽  
Crop Breeding ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Breeding Programmes ◽  
Working Groups ◽  
Sorghum Genotypes ◽  
Germplasm Accessions ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Nei's Genetic Distance

Knowledge on genetic diversity is necessary to determine the relationships among the genotypes, which allow the selection of individual accessions for crop breeding programmes. The present study aimed at assessing the extent and pattern of genetic diversity within a set of 251 sorghum genotypes using SSR markers. A total of 393 alleles were detected from the 251 genotypes, with the number of alleles ranging from 2 (Xcup11) to 24 (Sb5-206) and an average of 10.07 alleles per primer pair. Pairwise Wright's FST statistic and Nei's genetic distance estimates revealed that the race and geographical origin were responsible for the pattern of diversity and structure in the genetic materials. In addition, the analysis also revealed high genetic differentiation between the rainy and post-rainy sorghum groups. Narrow diversity was observed among the different working groups in the rainy (restorers and varieties) and post-rainy (varieties and advanced breeding lines) sorghum groups. Neighbour-joining and STRUCTURE analysis also classified 44 elite lines broadly into two distinct groups (rainy and post-rainy). However, limited diversity within the rainy and post-rainy sorghum groups warranted an urgent need for the utilization of diverse germplasm accessions for broadening the genetic base of the Indian breeding programme. The diverse germplasm accessions identified from the mini-core accessions for utilization in breeding programmes are discussed.

scholarly journals Genetic diversity in Sesamum indicum L.

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 497-506
Author(s):  
Maini Bhattacharjee ◽  
Adil Iqbal ◽  
Sanjana Singha ◽  
Disharee Nath ◽  
SH Prakash ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Geographical Origin ◽  
Genotypic Diversity ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Sesamum Indicum ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
Oilseed Crop ◽  
Morphological And Molecular Data ◽  
Genetic Diversity Study ◽  
Diversity Study

Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.), is the most ancient and important oilseed crop for its good quality edible oil. Much variability among genotypes exists in sesame which helps the breeder to choose good parents in hybridization. In the present study, 30 genotypes were studied for 12 morphological traits. Correlation analysis exhibited that seed yield per plant was positive and significantly correlated with capsules per plant and 1000-seed weight. Apart from morphological data, initial genotyping was conducted for 32 microsatellites but finally only polymorphic primers were selected for genetic diversity study. Estimated polymorphism information content (PIC) value ranged from 0.07 to 0.87 and SSR 24 showed to be highest at 0.87. The dendrogram was constructed using the software NTSYS Pc Ver. 2.20 based on morphological and molecular data. Geographical diversity did not corroborate with genotypic diversity as the cluster composition revealed that genotypes belonging to different geographical origin grouped in the same cluster.

Genetic diversity and establishment of a core collection of oil palm (Elaeis guineensisJacq.) based on molecular data

2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 256-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana Arias ◽  
Maria González ◽  
Hernán Romero
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Differentiation ◽  
Genetic Resources ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Core Collection ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Core Collections ◽  
Mini Core Collection ◽  
Entire Collection ◽  
Breeding Programmes

Understanding of genetic diversity and its distribution is essential for promoting the use of genetic resources. The development of core collections using molecular tools has been proposed as a strategy for increasing the economical use and conservation of genetic resources. In this study, we investigated the genetic variation among different geographical origins and potential entries that constituted a core collection of oil palm, using 29 microsatellite markers and by evaluating 788 oil palm accessions. Our results revealed important genetic diversity (HT= 0.759) between oil palm accessions from Angola and Cameroon, which exhibited a low coefficient of genetic differentiation between populations (GST= 0.022). However, the inclusion of oil palm accessions from Indonesia in the analysis resulted in a high coefficient of genetic differentiation between populations (GST= 0.251). We found that the combination of stratified sampling based on a sorting method and a heuristic algorithm was the most effective method for the development of an oil palm core collection set. Using this method, two core collections were identified. The first core collection, comprising 289 entries, contained 271 retained alleles in a sample representing 37% of the entire collection. The second one is a mini core collection, comprising 91 entries, that contained 271 retained alleles with a totalHevalue of 0.72 in a sample representing 11% of the entire collection. The information reported in this study will be of great interest to oil palm researchers because new strategies for breeding programmes can be developed based on these advances.

Genetic diversity among oat varieties of worldwide origin and associations of AFLP markers with quantitative traits

2008 ◽  
Vol 117 (7) ◽  
pp. 1041-1053 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Achleitner ◽  
Nicholas A. Tinker ◽  
Elisabeth Zechner ◽  
Hermann Buerstmayr
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Quantitative Traits ◽  
Aflp Markers

PROFILING OF GUAVA GENOTYPES GROWN IN VIDARBHA CONDITIONS ON THE BASIS OF MORPHOLOGICAL TRAITS

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
R.A. PATIL ◽  
S.G. BHARAD ◽  
S.N. SAWANT
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Considerable Extent ◽  
Fruit Traits ◽  
Breeding Programmes ◽  
Tree Leaf ◽  
Qualitative Characteristics ◽  
Intrapopulation Diversity

Assessment of genetic diversity in the available germplasm is the prerequisite for development of improved genotypes through planned breeding programmes. In the view of this Forty-eight genotypes of seedling origin guava along with 1 check (L-49/Sardar) collected and conserved at germplasm block, Main Garden, Department of Horticulture, Dr. P. D. A. University, Akola were evaluated for genetic variability and diversity based on the qualitative characteristics. The genotypes were evaluated for sixteen morphological traitsviz. tree, leaf, floral and fruit traits. Results Show considerable extent of variability amongst the 49 genotypes in each traits. A sizeable amount of intrapopulation diversity recorded can be used to identify diverse parents which can be utilized in hybridization programmes.

Genetic Diversity of 118 Sugarcane Germplasm Using AFLP Markers

2014 ◽  
Vol 40 (10) ◽  
pp. 1877
Author(s):  
Feng-Gang ZAN ◽  
Cai-Wen WU ◽  
Xue-Kuan CHEN ◽  
Pei-Fang ZHAO ◽  
Jun ZHAO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Aflp Markers ◽  
Sugarcane Germplasm

Genetic diversity of native cultivated cacao accessions (Theobroma cacao L.) in Nicaragua

2012 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 254-257
Author(s):  
Erwin Aragon ◽  
Claudia Rivera ◽  
Helena Korpelainen ◽  
Aldo Rojas ◽  
Paula Elomaa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Theobroma Cacao ◽  
Phytophthora Palmivora ◽  
Genetic Composition ◽  
Breeding Programmes ◽  
Black Pod ◽  
Black Pod Disease ◽  
Parental Lines ◽  
Resistant Genotypes ◽  
Theobroma Cacao L

A total of 60 farmers' cacao accessions (Theobroma cacao L.) from Nicaragua were investigated using microsatellite markers to reveal their genetic composition and to identify potentially resistant genotypes against the black pod disease caused by Phytophthora palmivora. These accessions were compared with 21 breeders' accessions maintained locally, two Criollo accessions from Costa Rica and two accessions from Ecuador. The analyses showed a low level of differentiation among groups of farmers' accessions (FST = 0.06) and that six Nicaraguan accessions were genetically closely related to the two Criollo accessions used as a reference. In addition, seven distinct genotypes were found to have allelic composition that may indicate linkage to resistance alleles, thus being potential parental lines in future breeding programmes.

scholarly journals Characterization of the Genetic Diversity Present in a Diverse Sesame Landrace Collection Based on Phenotypic Traits and EST-SSR Markers Coupled With an HRM Analysis

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 656
Author(s):  
Evangelia Stavridou ◽  
Georgios Lagiotis ◽  
Parthena Kalaitzidou ◽  
Ioannis Grigoriadis ◽  
Irini Bosmali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ssr Markers ◽  
Geographical Origin ◽  
Expressed Sequence Tag ◽  
Phenotypic Diversity ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Phenotypic Traits ◽  
Dissimilarity Matrix ◽  
Heterotic Groups ◽  
Hrm Analysis ◽  
Sesame Genotypes

A selection of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) landraces of different eco-geographical origin and breeding history have been characterized using 28 qualitative morpho-physiological descriptors and seven expressed sequence tag-simple sequence repeat (EST-SSR) markers coupled with a high-resolution melting (HRM) analysis. The most variable qualitative traits that could efficiently discriminate landraces, as revealed by the correlation analyses, were the plant growth type and position of the branches, leaf blade width, stem pubescence, flowering initiation, capsule traits and seed coat texture. The agglomerative hierarchical clustering analysis based on a dissimilarity matrix highlighted three main groups among the sesame landraces. An EST-SSR marker analysis revealed an average polymorphism information content (PIC) value of 0.82, which indicated that the selected markers were highly polymorphic. A principal coordinate analysis and dendrogram reconstruction based on the molecular data classified the sesame genotypes into four major clades. Both the morpho-physiological and molecular analyses showed that landraces from the same geographical origin were not always grouped in the same cluster, forming heterotic groups; however, clustering patterns were observed for the Greek landraces. The selective breeding of such traits could be employed to unlock the bottleneck of local phenotypic diversity and create new cultivars with desirable traits.

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