Determining the Position of Cutting Tool in Drilling for Analysis of Mechanical Actions

2013 ◽  
Vol 325-326 ◽  
pp. 1382-1386
Author(s):  
Elena Luminiţa Olteanu ◽  
Raynald Laheurte ◽  
Philippe Darnis ◽  
Claudiu Florinel Bîşu
Keyword(s):  
Cutting Tool ◽  
Cutting Process ◽  
Drilling Process ◽  
Tool Position ◽  
Mechanical Phenomena

The mechanical actions measurement can highlight a series of mechanical phenomena occurring in the cutting process. During the experiments, we use a six-component dynamometer to measured the forces and the moments applied by the tool to the workpiece. In this paper, the authors present a method for determining the cutting tool position in drilling process, with purpose to transport of the moments (calculation of the torsor in each of the holes). Then can be achieved analyze of the forces and moments for every hole.

DYNAMICS OF CUTTING TOOL TEMPERATURES DURING CUTTING PROCESS

1994 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 203-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Herchang Ay ◽  
Wen-Jet Yang ◽  
Juhchin A. Yang
Keyword(s):  
Cutting Tool ◽  
Cutting Process

scholarly journals A Comparison of the Probes with a Cantilever Beam and a Double-Sided Beam in the Tool Edge Profiler for On-Machine Measurement of a Precision Cutting Tool

Machines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 271
Author(s):  
Bo Wen ◽  
Sho Sekine ◽  
Shinichi Osawa ◽  
Yuki Shimizu ◽  
Hiraku Matsukuma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cantilever Beam ◽  
Cutting Tool ◽  
Displacement Sensor ◽  
Laser Displacement Sensor ◽  
Tool Edge ◽  
Edge Profile ◽  
Measurement Principle ◽  
Beam Type ◽  
Tool Position ◽  
Tool Cutting

This paper describes a comparison of the mechanical structures (a double-sided beam and a cantilever beam) of a probe in a tool edge profiler for the measurement of a micro-cutting tool. The tool edge profiler consists of a positioning unit having a pair of one-axis DC servo motor stages and a probe unit having a laser displacement sensor and a probe composed of a stylus and a mechanical beam; on-machine measurement of a tool cutting edge can be conducted with a low contact force through measuring the deformation of the probe by the laser displacement sensor while monitoring the tool position. Meanwhile, the mechanical structure of the probe could affect the performance of measurement of the edge profile of a precision cutting tool. In this paper, the measurement principle of the tool edge profile is firstly introduced; after that, slopes and a top-flat of a cutting tool sample are measured by using a cantilever-type probe and a double-sided beam-type probe, respectively. The measurement performances of the two probes are compared through experiments and theoretical measurement uncertainty analysis.

scholarly journals Dispositivos De Interrupcion Subia (Dis) Para El Analisis De Raices Viruta

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Diego Alejandro Neira Moreno
Keyword(s):  
Cutting Tool ◽  
Cutting Tools ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Cutting Process ◽  
Work Piece ◽  
Mechanical Forces ◽  
Machining Processes ◽  
Research Instrument ◽  
Machined Parts ◽  
Interaction Phenomena

El estudio de las variables y efectos derivados del mecanizado provee herramientas de conocimiento tendientes a optimizar el uso de las herramientas y los procedimientos de maquinado industrial. Este artículo de reflexión aborda el uso de los dispositivos de interrupción súbita (DIS) como herramientas de obtención de raíces de viruta para la investigación científica del mecanizado industrial, y para el estudio de los efectos derivados de la interacción entre las herramientas de corte y el material de trabajo, en función de los cambios microestructurales del material de trabajo, dependientes de la temperatura producida y los esfuerzos mecánicos de la herramienta de corte durante el mecanizado. Mediante la reflexión se destaca la importancia de los DIS como instrumentos de investigación científica en la manufactura, ya que estos permiten obtener muestras de viruta para estudiar las variables incidentes en el maquinado y a partir de esta evidencia, proponer alternativas para optimizar la fabricación de piezas y la integridad de las herramientas empleadas en el proceso.AbstractThe study of the variables and effects derived from the machining processes brings the knowledge needed to optimize the use of machining tools and procedures. This article is an opinion piece about the use of quick stop devices (QSD) as a scientific research instrument in machining projects to obtain chip roots, to study the interaction phenomena between cutting tool and work piece material that depends on temperature and the mechanical forces produced by the cutting tool during the cutting process. This article deals about how important the QSD are as a research instruments in manufacture because with this instruments it is possible to analyze the machining variables, based on the evidences bring by the chip roots obtained with the instrument. It is possible to propose optimization alternatives in the manufacture of machined parts and the integrity of cutting tools.

scholarly journals Improving the Performance of Steel Machining Processes through Cutting by Vibration Control

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (19) ◽  
pp. 5712
Author(s):  
Mihaela Oleksik ◽  
Dan Dobrotă ◽  
Mădălin Tomescu ◽  
Valentin Petrescu
Keyword(s):  
Fourier Transformation ◽  
Vibration Analysis ◽  
Cutting Tool ◽  
Cutting Process ◽  
Manufacturing Processes ◽  
Machining Processes ◽  
Short Time ◽  
Short Time Fourier Transformation ◽  
Dynamic Phenomena

Machining processes through cutting are accompanied by dynamic phenomena that influence the quality of the processed surfaces. Thus, this research aimed to design, make, and use a tool with optimal functional geometry, which allowed a reduction of the dynamic phenomena that occur in the cutting process. In order to carry out the research, the process of cutting by front turning with transversal advance was taken into account. Additionally, semi-finished products with a diameter of Ø = 150 mm made of C45 steel were chosen for processing (1.0503). The manufacturing processes were performed with the help of two tools: a cutting tool, the classic construction version, and another that was the improved construction version. In the first stage of the research, an analysis was made of the vibrations that appear in the cutting process when using the two types of tools. Vibration analysis considered the following: use of the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) method, application of the Short-Time Fourier-Transformation (STFT) method, and observation of the acceleration of vibrations recorded during processing. After the vibration analysis, the roughness of the surfaces was measured and the parameter Ra was taken into account, but a series of diagrams were also drawn regarding the curved profiles, filtered profiles, and Abbott–Firestone curve. The research showed that use of the tool that is the improved constructive variant allows accentuated reduction of vibrations correlated with an improvement of the quality of the processed surfaces.

Role of energy consumption, cutting tool and workpiece materials towards environmentally conscious machining: A comprehensive review

2019 ◽  
Vol 234 (3) ◽  
pp. 335-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salman Pervaiz ◽  
Sathish Kannan ◽  
Ibrahim Deiab ◽  
Hossam Kishawy
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Metal Cutting ◽  
Cutting Tool ◽  
Cutting Process ◽  
Machining Process ◽  
Workpiece Material ◽  
Tool Materials ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Cutting Operation

Metal-cutting process deals with the removal of material using the shearing operation with the help of hard cutting tools. Machining operations are famous in the manufacturing sector due to their capability to manufacture tight tolerances and high dimensional accuracy while simultaneously maintaining the cost-effectiveness for higher production levels. As metal-cutting processes consume a great amount of input resources and generate some material-based waste streams, these processes are highly criticized due to their high and negative environmental impacts. Researchers in the metal-cutting sector are currently exploring and benchmarking different activities and best practices to make the cutting operation environment friendly in nature. These eco-friendly practices mainly cover the wide range of activities directly or indirectly associated with the metal-cutting operation. Most of the literature for sustainable metal-cutting activities revolves around the sustainable lubrication techniques to minimize the negative influence of cutting fluids on the environment. However, there is a need to enlarge the assessment domain for the metal-cutting process and other directly and indirectly associated practices such as enhancing sustainability through innovative methods for workpiece and cutting tool materials, and approaches to optimize energy consumption should also be explored. The aim of this article is to explore the role of energy consumption and the influence of workpiece and tool materials towards the sustainability of machining process. The article concludes that sustainability of the machining process can be improved by incorporating different innovative approaches related to the energy and tool–workpiece material consumptions.

Exploration of Local Blade Motions During Blade Shaping for Thick Layered Foam Cutting

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. J. Broek ◽  
A. Kooijman
Keyword(s):  
Strain Energy ◽  
Cutting Tool ◽  
Cutting Speed ◽  
General Rule ◽  
Free Form ◽  
Linear Change ◽  
Minimum Strain Energy ◽  
Blade Cutting ◽  
Tool Position ◽  
Cutting Direction

The FF-TLOM (Free Form Thick Layered Object Manufacturing) technology is a Rapid Prototyping process based on flexible blade cutting of polystyrene foam. The heated blade is shaped by three parameters, which allows an infinite amount of minimum strain energy blade shapes with none, one or two inflexions. In the shaping domain stable and unstable blade shapes can exist. Stable shapes are defined as curves with none and one-inflexion and are applied for operational cutting of foam layers with the FF-TLOM technology. The tool motions are generated from the static tool poses and are calculated for a linear change of the flexible blade, when the cutting tool moves from one tool position to the next. The cutting blade is positioned to the foam slab with help of a point relative positioned on the flexible blade. The tool frame is positioned with a point fixed relatively to the tool frame. During the tool motions the blade curvature is changed and will introduce a shift of the half way point fixed on the blade (especially in the case of asymmetrical support inclinations and high curvature). Next the local displacement of the blade points in the bending plane of the blade due to blade shaping and tool pitching are quantified during the tool motions. These displacements induce an angle of attack of the blade in cutting direction, and will influence cutting speed and cutting accuracy. The quantification software is developed and will be used in the future for an overall prediction of the total tool curve displacements due to blade shaping, such as roll, pitch, yaw and linear positioning motions of the tool. A general rule for FF-TLOM cutting is minimization of all tool motions, which are not related to the forward cutting motion.

The Effects of Static Frictions on the Drilling Process of Hammer-Drill System

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Xu ◽  
K. L. Yung ◽  
S. M. Ko
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Model ◽  
Cutting Process ◽  
Drilling Process ◽  
Normal Impact ◽  
New Model ◽  
Mars Mission ◽  
Dynamic Analyses ◽  
Drill System

Static frictions are neglected in many dynamic analyses mainly due to inappropriate modeling of them. A new dynamic model describing the nonlinear and discrete features of static frictions is proposed in this paper. Using the new model, the drilling process of the hammer-drill system utilized in the EAS’ Mars mission is analyzed. It is shown that most important functions of the hammer-drill system are realized by static frictions, which were not observed before the introduction of the new model of static frictions. Static frictions provide the torsional force on the drill and make the normal impact happen before the rotation, which is critical to the efficiency of the cutting process of the hammer-drill system.

Compensation Control of Cutting Tool Position in Machining Non-Axisymmetric Optic Mirror Surface

2006 ◽  
Vol 505-507 ◽  
pp. 181-186
Author(s):  
Yuan Liang Zhang ◽  
Zhi Min Zhou ◽  
Xu Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Nonlinear Response ◽  
Cutting Tool ◽  
Cutting Tools ◽  
Mirror Surface ◽  
Maximum Displacement ◽  
Feed Forward ◽  
Feed Forward Control ◽  
Compensation Control ◽  
Servo Mechanism ◽  
Tool Position

Piezoelectric servo mechanism, with its existing nonlinear response and hysteresis, restricts the precision greatly when applied to manufacturing of non-axisymmetric optic mirror. On the basis of theory analysis and experiments, this paper builds three kinds of feed-forward model of piezoelectric servo cutting system. According to these mathematical models, we make the compensation control to the cutting tool position, which results the maximum displacement error less than 0.04μm. And based on this method, experiments on machining non-axisymmetric optic surface of wave front corrector shows the Zernike relative error is less than 10%. So the compensation control of feed-forward control model of cutting tools position can efficiently counteract the influence of nonlinear response and hysteresis, which improves machining precision of non-axisymmetric optic mirror surface.

A Novel Backstepping Approach for the Attenuation of Torsional Oscillations in Drill Strings

2016 ◽  
Vol 248 ◽  
pp. 85-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farooq Kifayat Ullah ◽  
Franklyn Duarte ◽  
Christian Bohn
Keyword(s):  
Torsional Oscillation ◽  
Friction Model ◽  
Drill String ◽  
Cutting Process ◽  
Underactuated System ◽  
Drilling Process ◽  
Control Input ◽  
Nonlinear Phenomenon ◽  
Stick Slip ◽  
Torsional Oscillations

A common problem in the petroleum drilling process is the torsional oscillation generated by the friction present during the cutting process. Torsional oscillations in drill string are particularly difficult to control because the drill string is an underactuated system, it has a very small diameter to length ratio and it is driven at top end with the cutting process at the other end. These factors make the drill string prone to self-excited torsional vibrations caused by the stick-slip of the cutting bit. The system is modeled as a torsional pendulum with two degrees of freedom, where the upper inertia models the top drive and also part of the drilling pipes. The bottom inertia models the bottom hole assembly (BHA). The drill is considered to be a massless torsional spring-damper. The drill string is subjected to friction, which is formulated using a dry friction model. The friction model takes into account Coulomb friction, stiction and Stribeck effect. The latter friction component is the main nonlinear phenomenon that introduces negative damping at the bit; it leads to self-enforcing stick-slip torsional oscillations.In the approach of this work, for the attenuation of these self-excited oscillations a recursive backstepping control strategy is used and it is carried out in continuous time. The main contribution of this work, which is different from the backstepping approaches reported in the literature, is to use a nonlinear/artificial damping as virtual control input. The stability of the system has been proven in the sense of Lyapunov. The goal of the proposed algorithm is to deal the underactuation of the system and to provide a good response for different operating points. The effectiveness and robustness of the controller has been tested in simulations.

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