Determination of the Real Cutting Edge Wear Contact Area on the Tool-Workpiece Interface in the Light of Cutting Forces Variations

2013 ◽  
Vol 325-326 ◽  
pp. 1406-1411 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samy E. Oraby
Keyword(s):  
Contact Area ◽  
Cutting Forces ◽  
Cutting Edge ◽  
Wear Area ◽  
Wear Pattern ◽  
Edge Wear ◽  
Force Components ◽  
Wear Modes ◽  
Selection Of

The determination of actual stresses over the tool-workpiece interface has long been a matter of debate among researchers. Evaluation of the nature and the geometry of the wear contact area were always associated with many, sometime impractical, assumptions. The indeterministic fashion of edge wear and deformation requires a more realistic way to predict the actual wear contact area. In the current study, many wear area patterns are proposed considering the different wear modes of the cutting edge. The selection of the most correlated pattern to a specific edge deformation is justified using the relevant variations in the radial and the axial force components. For a regular wear over the entire cutting edge, a wear pattern that considers nose and/or flank is justified. When the cutting edge plastically fails, a pattern that considers only nose wear is preferred. As the cutting edge is subjected to many types of irregular disturbances of edge fracture and chipping, a wear pattern considering both flank and nose wear is selected.

Determination of Cutting Forces in Oblique Cutting

2015 ◽  
Vol 756 ◽  
pp. 659-664 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.V. Filippov ◽  
E.O. Filippova
Keyword(s):  
Cutting Force ◽  
Cutting Forces ◽  
Theoretical Calculations ◽  
Experimental Investigations ◽  
Cutting Depth ◽  
Turning Operations ◽  
Error Check ◽  
Cutting Force Components ◽  
Force Components

This study describes the method of determining cutting force components in oblique turning. The scheme of how the investigations were performed is presented. The characteristic curves of cutting force components vs. thickness of the material removed, tool clearance and tool rake angles are shown. The study presents the data, which have been obtained during the experimental investigations and analytically calculated, on how the cutting forces are subject to changes depending on a cutter angle, cutting depth and feed in oblique turning operations. The analysis of approximation of the experimental results and error check of the theoretical calculations relative to the experimental data are given.

Calculation of the Cutting Forces and Torque when Milling with End Mills

2020 ◽  
pp. 26-37
Author(s):  
S.V. Grubyi
Keyword(s):  
Optimization Problems ◽  
Cutting Edge ◽  
Calculation Algorithm ◽  
End Mills ◽  
Peripheral Surface ◽  
Force Components ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Machine Drives ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Structural Carbon Steel

This paper presents a computational sequence for calculating the components of the cutting force and torque when milling with carbide end mills. The calculation algorithm includes the transition from the tangential and radial components of the force to the force components in the machine coordinate system. On the helical cutting edge, two parts are highlighted: one on the cylindrical (peripheral) surface and the other one on the arc of the rounded tip of the tooth. These parts of the cutting edge are divided into sections where the calculation is performed, followed by summation of the force components along the axes of the machine co-ordinate system and the moment relative to the axis of the cutter. An analysis of the components of the force and torque depending on the depth of cutting, feed, number of teeth of the cutter, blade wear and radius of the tip rounding is performed. The ratio of forces and moments for various milling conditions of structural carbon steel and aluminum alloys is shown. The developed algorithm is applied in a computational program that can be used to perform operational calculations of forces and torque for various milling conditions. The calculated parameters can be used as technological limiters in optimization problems, as well as for strength calculations of tools, milling equipment, and the selection of components of milling machine drives.

Determination of the Temperature of a Machined Surface

1998 ◽  
Vol 120 (2) ◽  
pp. 259-263 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. H. Chu ◽  
J. Wallbank
Keyword(s):  
Mild Steel ◽  
Cutting Forces ◽  
Cutting Speed ◽  
Cutting Edge ◽  
Depth Of Cut ◽  
Constant Depth ◽  
Nose Radius ◽  
Machined Surface ◽  
Cutting Speeds

A technique for measuring temperature close to the primary cutting edge in turning has been developed. The cutting temperatures of a 0.16 percent carbon bright drawn mild steel, have been measured for a range of cutting speeds and feedrates at a constant depth of cut. Tool nose radius was also varied. The correlations for the workpiece temperature of cutting speed and feedrate have been developed. The results show that the temperature correlates well with cutting speed and feedrate but the nose radius has little effect. Cutting forces were measured by a dynamometer and these were used to find the non zero forces at zero feedrate. These forces have been related to the deformation of the work material near the cutting edge of the tool and a method for calculating the cutting temperatures from these has been proposed.

Modeling the cutting edge geometry of scalpel blades

2016 ◽  
Vol 231 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pralav P Shetty ◽  
Ryan W Hatton ◽  
Andrew C Barnett ◽  
Andrew J Homich ◽  
Jason Z Moore
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Cutting Force ◽  
Contact Area ◽  
Cutting Forces ◽  
Geometric Model ◽  
Cutting Edge ◽  
Medical Procedures ◽  
Edge Geometry ◽  
Edge Surface ◽  
Scalpel Blade

Scalpel blades are commonly used in surgery to perform invasive medical procedures, yet there has been limited research on the geometry that makes up these cutting instruments. The goal of this article is to define scalpel blade geometry and examine the cutting forces and deflection between commonly used scalpel blades and phantom gel. The following study develops a generalized geometric model that describes the cutting edge geometry in terms of normal rake and inclination angle of any continuously differentiable scalpel cutting edge surface. The parameter of scalpel-tissue contact area is also examined. The geometry of commonly used scalpel blades (10, 11, 12, and 15) is compared to each other and their cutting force through phantom gel measured. It was found that blade 10 displayed the lowest average total steady-state cutting force of 0.52 N followed by blade 15, 11, and 12 with a cutting force of 1.17 N (125% higher than blade 10). Blade 10 also displayed the lowest normalized cutting force of 0.16 N/mm followed by blades 15, 12, and 11 with a force of 0.19 N/mm (17% higher than blade 10).

DETERMINING THE DESALINATION UNIT COMPOSITION FOR COSTAL AREAS AND SMALL ISLANDS USE ANALYTIC HIERARCHY PROCESS

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Imam Setiadi ◽  
Dinda Rita K. Hartaja
Keyword(s):  
Analytic Hierarchy Process ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Pairwise Comparison ◽  
Small Islands ◽  
Ahp Method ◽  
Analytic Hierarchy ◽  
Comparison Research ◽  
Hierarchy Process ◽  
Selection Of

Selection of the appropriate composition desalination units can be done with a variety of method approaches, one of the method is the Analytic Hierarchy Process. In determining the desalination unit with AHP method to consider is setting a goal, an alternative criteria and pairwise comparison. Research for the determination of the exact composition of the desalination unit in order to achieve sustainable drinking water suppy in coastal areas and small islands has been conducted. The results of the study are as follows, the energy demand of 50.83%, operator costs of 26.64%, maintenance costs of 14.13% and chemical requirement 8.4%. For an alternative composition desalination unit of RO 10 m3 / day is the best alternative composition with value of 59.61%, the composition of the next alternative is RO 20 m3/ day of 30.40% and the last alternative of the desalination unit composition is RO 120 m3/ day of 09.99%.Key words : Desalination, Mukti Stage Flash Composition, AHP

Optimization of the selection of analysis methods for the determination of naturally occurring radionuclides

Kerntechnik ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 73 (3) ◽  
pp. 118-121
Author(s):  
T. Heinrich ◽  
L. Funke ◽  
M. Köhler ◽  
U.-K. Schkade ◽  
F. Ullrich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Analysis Methods ◽  
Naturally Occurring Radionuclides ◽  
Selection Of
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