Deformation and Failure Characteristics of Embankment upon the Slope in Permafrost Area under Different Foundation Slope

2013 ◽  
Vol 353-356 ◽  
pp. 905-910
Author(s):  
Qian Su ◽  
Jun Jie Huang ◽  
Bao Liu ◽  
Yu Jie Li
Keyword(s):  
Failure Modes ◽  
Centrifuge Modeling ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Soil Layers ◽  
Deformation And Failure ◽  
Geotechnical Centrifuge ◽  
Gravity Load ◽  
Unstable Failure ◽  
Thawing Depth ◽  
The Stability

To investigate the effect of foundation slope on stability of embankment upon the slope in permafrost area, 3 groups of model tests with different foundation slope are designed using the mechanical similarity based on geotechnical centrifuge modeling, when the freezing-thawing depth of the embankment reaches the greatest. The results show that: (1) The foundation slope has effect on the stability of the embankment. The deformation mainly concentrates on the soil layers above the freezing-thawing interface, and the deformation mutation point takes place at the freezing-thawing interface. (2) According to fracture characteristics and failure severity of the embankment, failure modes can be divided into the cracking failure in shallow layer and in deep layer. (3) The cause of unstable failure is the deficiency of shear resistance strength of the weak belt, the soil layers above the freezing-thawing interface slips along the freezing-thawing interface under gravity load. (4) Under the experimental conditions, the critical value of the foundation slope influencing on the stability of the embankment is about 1:6 when the height of the slope embankment is 5.0 m.

Geotechnical Centrifuge Modeling of Super-High Embankment Filled by Red Soft Soil in Western Yunnan Province

2013 ◽  
Vol 353-356 ◽  
pp. 851-855
Author(s):  
Guo Xiong Wu ◽  
Ke Zhang ◽  
Xiang Shou Chen
Keyword(s):  
Yunnan Province ◽  
Soft Soil ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
Centrifuge Modeling ◽  
Engineering Properties ◽  
Mountainous Areas ◽  
Geotechnical Centrifuge ◽  
Western Yunnan ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Proper Analysis

High and even super-high embankment filled by red soft soil are often used in road construction in the mountainous areas of Western Yunnan province, China. Due to the poor engineering properties of the red soil, a proper analysis of the stability of the embankment is necessary. This paper aims to analyze the deformation and stability of a typical super-high embankment by comparing the geotechnical centrifuge modeling and FLAC-2D results. The paper finally concludes that: 1) The red soft soil in Yunnan province can be used as fill material; 2) Flat slope and geo-grid can effectively restrain the deformation of the slope; 3) Geotechnical centrifuge modeling well reflect the real engineering performance of the embankment.

Influence of Underground Mining on Failure Mode and Stability of Counter-Tilt Slope in Surface Mines

2012 ◽  
Vol 594-597 ◽  
pp. 80-85
Author(s):  
Dong Wang ◽  
Lan Zhu Cao ◽  
Chun De Piao ◽  
Run Cai Bai
Keyword(s):  
Failure Mode ◽  
Failure Modes ◽  
Underground Mining ◽  
Limit Equilibrium ◽  
Surface Mining ◽  
Stability Calculation ◽  
Deformation And Failure ◽  
Surface Mines ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Overlying Strata

How to demonstrate the deformation and failure mode of the slope under combine surface and underground mining and evaluate its stability scientifically is one of the problems that need urgent solutions in mining engineering. First, the deformation and failure mode of the slope under simple surface mining, the deformation and failure mechanism of the overlying strata affected by underground mining and deformation mechanism of the slope under combined surface and underground mining were analyzed, then the failure mode and the stability calculation method of the slope under combined surface and underground mining was studied. The results show that the failure modes of the slope under combined surface and underground mining involve three patterns: slipping failure, subsiding failure and slipping-subsiding combined failure, that the failure modes and the stability of the slope under combined surface and underground mining be significantly affected by the underground mining positions and the influence be mainly controlled by the length of the latent slide plane of the slope and the weakening degree of the rock masses in the subsidence range. Finally, a limit equilibrium method to calculate the slope stability under combined surface and underground mining was put forward.

scholarly journals Stability Analysis of Host Claystone under T-M Coupling of HLW Disposal Repository in China: Experiments and Numerical Simulation

Geofluids ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Haian Liang ◽  
Tan Tang ◽  
Longpeng Zhang ◽  
Xiaodong Liu ◽  
Shuai Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Model ◽  
Heat Release ◽  
Failure Modes ◽  
In Situ Stress ◽  
Surrounding Rock ◽  
Clay Rock ◽  
Deformation And Failure ◽  
Rock Samples ◽  
The Stability

This paper focuses on the stability of the high-level radioactive waste (HLW) in the proposed clay rock in Tamusu area of China. The in-situ stress as well as the variational characteristics of ambient temperature caused by nuclide decay during HLW storage should be noticeable. A series of thermal property tests and thermo-mechanical coupled strength (T-M) tests of rock samples in the target formation are carried out. Then the stability of surrounding rock of an HLW under the combination of heat release from HLW and in-situ stress is simulated and analyzed by numerical method. Thermal properties of Tamusu clay rock samples are obtained by testing their thermal conductivity. In order to obtain the characteristics and the failure modes of rock samples at different temperatures, the T-M coupling experiments in the temperature range of 100°C are conducted. Numerical model for simulating the state of operation of the nuclear waste tank buried in the tunnel within 100 years is constructed. A thermal boundary by the heat release equation of HLW and the real in-situ stress level in Tamusu area are considered in the model. While, the variation law of surrounding rock’s temperature, stress, and deformation corresponding to the embedding time is obtained from the numerical calculation. Finally, the stability of the deep geological repository is comprehensively evaluated. The results show that the temperature has a significant impact on the T-M coupling characteristics of Tamusu clay rock, and the proposed repository numerical model has no large deformation and failure problems in 100 years. However, the temperature of the surrounding rock of the repository may exceed the safety standard value during the operation period.

Applicability of Instability Index for In vitro Protein Stability Prediction

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 339-347 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dilani G. Gamage ◽  
Ajith Gunaratne ◽  
Gopal R. Periyannan ◽  
Timothy G. Russell
Keyword(s):  
Protein Stability ◽  
Caulobacter Crescentus ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Instability Index ◽  
Dipeptide Composition ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Vitro Protein

Background: The dipeptide composition-based Instability Index (II) is one of the protein primary structure-dependent methods available for in vivo protein stability predictions. As per this method, proteins with II value below 40 are stable proteins. Intracellular protein stability principles guided the original development of the II method. However, the use of the II method for in vitro protein stability predictions raises questions about the validity of applying the II method under experimental conditions that are different from the in vivo setting. Objective: The aim of this study is to experimentally test the validity of the use of II as an in vitro protein stability predictor. Methods: A representative protein CCM (CCM - Caulobacter crescentus metalloprotein) that rapidly degrades under in vitro conditions was used to probe the dipeptide sequence-dependent degradation properties of CCM by generating CCM mutants to represent stable and unstable II values. A comparative degradation analysis was carried out under in vitro conditions using wildtype CCM, CCM mutants and two other candidate proteins: metallo-β-lactamase L1 and α -S1- casein representing stable, borderline stable/unstable, and unstable proteins as per the II predictions. The effect of temperature and a protein stabilizing agent on CCM degradation was also tested. Results: Data support the dipeptide composition-dependent protein stability/instability in wt-CCM and mutants as predicted by the II method under in vitro conditions. However, the II failed to accurately represent the stability of other tested proteins. Data indicate the influence of protein environmental factors on the autoproteolysis of proteins. Conclusion: Broader application of the II method for the prediction of protein stability under in vitro conditions is questionable as the stability of the protein may be dependent not only on the intrinsic nature of the protein but also on the conditions of the protein milieu.

scholarly journals Effective Separation of Prime Olefins from Gas Stream Using Anion Pillared Metal Organic Frameworks: Ideal Adsorbed Solution Theory Studies, Cyclic Application and Stability

Catalysts ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 510
Author(s):  
Majeda Khraisheh ◽  
Fares. Almomani ◽  
Gavin Walker
Keyword(s):  
Breakthrough Curves ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Regeneration Ability ◽  
Solution Theory ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Ideal Adsorbed Solution Theory ◽  
Adsorbed Solution ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Adsorption Desorption ◽  
Adsorbed Solution Theory

The separation of C3H4/C3H6 is one of the most energy intensive and challenging operations, requiring up to 100 theoretical stages, in traditional cryogenic distillation. In this investigation, the potential application of two MOFs (SIFSIX-3-Ni and NbOFFIVE-1-Ni) was tested by studying the adsorption–desorption behaviors at a range of operational temperatures (300–360 K) and pressures (1–100 kPa). Dynamic adsorption breakthrough tests were conducted and the stability and regeneration ability of the MOFs were established after eight consecutive cycles. In order to establish the engineering key parameters, the experimental data were fitted to four isotherm models (Langmuir, Freundlich, Sips and Toth) in addition to the estimation of the thermodynamic properties such as the isosteric heats of adsorption. The selectivity of the separation was tested by applying ideal adsorbed solution theory (IAST). The results revealed that SIFSIX-3-Ni is an effective adsorbent for the separation of 10/90 v/v C3H4/C3H6 under the range of experimental conditions used in this study. The maximum adsorption reported for the same combination was 3.2 mmolg−1. Breakthrough curves confirmed the suitability of this material for the separation with a 10-min gab before the lighter C3H4 is eluted from the column. The separated C3H6 was obtained with a 99.98% purity.

scholarly journals Relative versus absolute RNA quantification: a comparative analysis based on the example of endothelial expression of vasoactive receptors

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin Kuhlmann ◽  
Melanie Cieselski ◽  
Julia Schumann
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Range ◽  
Genetic Material ◽  
Housekeeping Genes ◽  
Digital Pcr ◽  
Absolute Quantification ◽  
Test Procedures ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Rna Quantification ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Inflammatory Milieu

Abstract Background In the present study, two distinct PCR methods were used for the quantification of genetic material and their results were compared: real-time-PCR (qPCR; relative quantification) and droplet digital PCR (ddPCR; absolute quantification). The comparison of the qPCR and the ddPCR was based on a stimulation approach of microvascular endothelial cells in which the effect of a pro-inflammatory milieu on the expression of vasoactive receptors was investigated. Results There was consistency in directions of effects for the majority of genes tested. With regard to the indicated dimension of the effects, the overall picture was more differentiated. It was striking that deviations were more pronounced if the measured values were on the extreme edges of the dynamic range of the test procedures. Conclusions To obtain valid and reliable results, dilution series are recommended, which should be carried out initially. In case of ddPCR the number of copies per µl should be adjusted to the low three-digit range. With regard to qPCR it is essential that the stability and reliability of the reference genes used is guaranteed. Here, ddPCR offers the advantage that housekeeping genes are not required. Furthermore, an absolute quantification of the sample can be easily performed by means of ddPCR. Before using ddPCR, however, care should be taken to optimize the experimental conditions. Strict indications for this methodology should also be made with regard to economic and timing factors.

scholarly journals Effective replacement of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) by mercaptoalkanoic acids on gold nanorod (AuNR) surfaces in aqueous solutions

Nanoscale ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 658-668 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael del Caño ◽  
Jose M. Gisbert-González ◽  
Jose González-Rodríguez ◽  
Guadalupe Sánchez-Obrero ◽  
Rafael Madueño ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Gold Nanorods ◽  
Ligand Exchange ◽  
Cetyltrimethylammonium Bromide ◽  
Gold Nanorod ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Seed Mediated ◽  
The Stability

The highly packed cetyltrimethylammonium bromide bilayer on the surface of gold nanorods synthesized by the seed-mediated procedure hampers the complete ligand exchange under experimental conditions that preserves the stability of the dispersions.

scholarly journals Investigations of ternary complexes of Co(II) and Ni(II) with thiodiacetate anion and 1,10-phenanthroline or 2,2’-bipyridine in aqueous solutions

2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dariusz Wyrzykowski ◽  
Joanna Pranczk ◽  
Dagmara Jacewicz ◽  
Aleksandra Tesmar ◽  
Bogusław Pilarski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Substitution Reactions ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Kinetic Measurements ◽  
Hydroxo Complexes ◽  
Binary Complexes ◽  
Vis Spectroscopy ◽  
Potentiometric Titration Method ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Ph Range

AbstractA potentiometric titration method (PT) and a stopped-flow kinetic technique monitored by a UV−Vis spectroscopy have been used to characterize the stability of series of Co(II)- and Ni(II)-thiodiacetato complexes, M(TDA), in the presence of 1,10-phenanthroline (phen) or 2,2’-bipyridine (bipy) in aqueous solutions. The stability constants of the binary (1:1), ternary (1:1:1) as well as the resulting hydroxo complexes were evaluated and compared to the corresponding oxydiacetate complexes. Based on the species distribution as a function of pH the relative predominance of the species in the system over a pH range was discussed. Furthermore, the kinetic measurements of the substitution reactions of the aqua ligands to phen or bipy in the coordination sphere of the binary complexes M(TDA) were performed in the 288–303 K temperature range, at a constant concentration of phen or bipy and at seven different concentrations of the binary complexes (0.2–0.5 mM). The kinetic stability of the M(TDA) complexes was discussed in relation to the experimental conditions and the kind of the auxiliary ligands (phen/bipy). Moreover, the influence of the type of primary ligand (thiodiacetate/oxydiacetate) on the substitution rate of the auxiliary ligands was also compared.

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