Compressive Strength of Cement Mortar Using Sebha Clay, Treated by Sonication Method

2013 ◽  
Vol 377 ◽  
pp. 60-68
Author(s):  
Mohamed Aboubakar ◽  
Eshmaiel Ganjian ◽  
Homayoon Sadeghi-Pouya ◽  
A.M. Akash ◽  
Mircea Vinatoru
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Portland Cement ◽  
Cement Mortar ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Pozzolanic Activity ◽  
Mineral Admixture ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Clay as natural pozzolan is found in the north of the city of Sebha, Libya. Sebha clay is relatively high in silica, and its physical and chemical properties could be referred to as ASTM C618 class N. Sonication treatment is carried out and the treated Sebha clay is used as a mineral admixture in the Portland cement mortar. Horn method 20 kHz frequencies with different powers and different times are used in the Sonication treated. The particle size distributions (PSD) and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) imaging are used to understand the mechanism of pozzolanic improvement of the Sebha clay after treatment by sonication. This paper shows the physical and chemical properties of sonication treat Sebha clay. The effect of magnitude of sonic power on pozzolanic activity of treated kaolin is investigated. The main aim of the present research is to study the strength characteristics of cement mortar using Sebha natural clay after sonication is treated as a partial replacement of ordinary Portland cement OPC. The parameters are investigated, including compressive strengths .The results show enhancement in particle size and pozzolanic activity of treated kaolin, with increase in sonic power and in the time.

Effect of coal additives on the physical and chemical properties of the Portland cement

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 55-64
Author(s):  
Benarima Zine EL abidine ◽  
Belaadi Salah ◽  
Bentaieb Noureddine ◽  
Zirour Fetiha Ralida ◽  
Touil Djamel
Keyword(s):  
Portland Cement ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Control of soil development on the Tanana River floodplain, interior Alaska

1993 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 941-955 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Van Cleve ◽  
C.T. Dyrness ◽  
G.M. Marion ◽  
R. Erickson
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Surface Soil ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Vegetation Development ◽  
River Floodplain ◽  
Soil Particle Size ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Alluvial soils on the Tanana River floodplain near Fairbanks, Alaska, were examined for development of physical and chemical properties in relation to soil depth and across a 200-year vegetation development sequence. Development was mediated by ecosystem controls including successional time, vegetation, terrace height, soil physical and chemical properties, and microclimate. These controls interact and are conditioned by the state factors time, flora, topography, parent material, and climate, respectively. On early-successional (<5 years) lower alluvial surfaces, terrace height above groundwater, soil particle size, and microclimate (through soil surface evaporation) interacted through capillary rise to produce salt-affected surface soil. Calcium salts of carbonate and sulfate were the principal chemicals encountered in these soils. Establishment of a vegetation cover between 5 and 10 years introduced evapotranspiration as a new mechanism, along with capillarity, to control moisture suction gradients. In addition, newly formed surface litter layers further helped eliminate evaporation and formation of high salt content surface soil. Continued sedimentation raised terrace elevation, so on older terraces only infrequent flood events influenced soil development. Moreover, in these successional stages, only the highest river stages raised groundwater levels, so transpiration and capillarity influenced water movement to tree root systems. During the first 25–30 years of succession, plant deposition of organic matter and nitrogen, associated with the growth of alder, markedly changed soil properties. Nearly 60% (or 240 g•m−2) of the 400 g•m−2 nitrogen encountered at 100 years was accumulated during this early period. After 100 years of vegetation development, soil carbonate content dropped to about half the peak values of about 1600 g•m−2 encountered between 4 and 25 years. By the time white spruce was the dominant forest type at 180 years, carbonate carbon declined to about 500 g•m−2, one-third that of the 1600 g•m−2 high. By this time surface soil pH declined from high values of 7.5 to between 5.5 and 6.0. Organic carbon continued to accumulate to about 6300 g•m−2 in the white spruce stage, twice that encountered in the alder–poplar stage at 25 years. Indices of moisture retention were most strongly related to either soil particle size (low moisture tension and available moisture range) or vegetation-mediated soil organic matter content (high moisture tension). Cation exchange capacity was most strongly related to a vegetation-mediated index of organic matter (OM) content (%N, %C, or %OM).

Influence of Physical and Chemical Properties on the Activity of Fly Ashes

1987 ◽  
Vol 113 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Sybertz
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Hydrochloric Acid ◽  
Potassium Hydroxide ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Experimental Program ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Fly Ashes ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

ABSTRACTIn an experimental program, the suitability of various methods for testing the pozzolanic activity of fly ash was investigated. The research was conducted on virtually all fly ashes approved as concrete additives in Germany. This paper discusses differences in the particle size distribution and the solubility on dissolution with hydrochloric acid and potassium hydroxide of the fly ashes. It also reports on interrelationships between the physical and chemical properties of the fly ashes and the workability and strength of mortars containing fly ash.

The Impact of Different Grazing Intensity on Topsoil Physical and Chemical Properties in Xilamuren Grassland

2013 ◽  
Vol 295-298 ◽  
pp. 2090-2096
Author(s):  
Yi Fang ◽  
Xiao Jia Li ◽  
Cong Cong Chen ◽  
Min Zhang ◽  
Rui Ping Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Grazing Intensity ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Grassland Ecosystem ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Grassland is an important ecosystem in land surface. Soil is the basis of grassland ecosystem, and the changes of its properties directly affect grassland ecosystem. The study region is located in Xilamuren grassland using the methods of field sampling and experimental analysis. It was divided into four test areas according to grazing intensity. Soil physical and chemical properties were analyzed in each test area. The results showed that: the trend of soil water content decreased and then increased with increasing grazing intensity, soil water content in repaired grassland was the lowest. For the soil mechanical composition, particle size content increased first and then decreased with increasing grazing intensity when the particle size was 1-0.05mm. The difference between the highest and lowest values was obvious. When the particle size was 0.05-0.002mm, the trend of particle size fluctuated, first decreased and then increased, finally reduce again and the difference between the highest and lowest values was obvious. When the particle size was less than 0.002mm, the trend of particle size content increased with increasing grazing intensity. In soil chemical properties, soil organic matter appears downward trend overall as grazing intensity increase. Soil organic matter content was the lowest in repaired grass. Available N and P first decreased and then increased with increasing grazing intensity, the minimum values appeared in the repaired grassland and degraded grassland respectively. Available K content increased with increasing grazing intensity.

Not All That's Gold Does Glitter

MRS Bulletin ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 26 (12) ◽  
pp. 1009-1014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Mulvaney
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Melting Point ◽  
Material Properties ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Gold Particles ◽  
Gold Reserve ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Gold Metal ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Generally, when one looks up the properties of an element such as gold in an encyclopedia, one is immediately confronted with a list of established facts and figures. While many people are aware that most countries do not rely on a “gold reserve” anymore, it is surprising to learn that even basic physical and chemical properties of something as familiar as gold are not as fixed as one may believe. The reason for this is that tabulated values for material properties inevitably refer to macroscopic samples. It turns out that many simple properties such as those listed in the definition given here go spectacularly wrong as the size of the piece of gold is reduced. One of the most dramatic demonstrations of this was provided by Buffat and Borel, who measured the melting point of gold particles as a function of particle size using an electron microscope. They found that by the time gold crystals are just 4 nm across, the melting point drops to 700 K from its “encyclopedia value” of 1337 K. Another example is the noble character of gold metal.

scholarly journals Physical and Chemical Properties of Volcanic Ejecta Produced by the Eruption of Mt. Kirishima Shinmoe-dake, Japan -A Case Study After the Explosive Eruption on March 25, 2018-

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiromi Akita
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Explosive Eruption ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Infiltration Capacity ◽  
Volcanic Ejecta ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Cylindrical Frame ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Abstract The purpose of this study was to clarify the physical and chemical properties of volcanic ejecta that fell after the explosive eruption on March 25, 2018 at Shinmoe-dake. In order to investigate the infiltration capacity, which is one of the physical properties of volcanic ejecta, plots were set up on the outer forest plain, the forest plain, and the forest talus, and a cylindrical frame test was conducted with reference to the method of Takeshita (2011). In addition, soil samples were collected at the three locations where the cylindrical frame test was conducted. The final infiltration capacity of 38-92 mm / h appeared lower in the forest talus than in the forest plain. It is considered that this is due to the small particle size distribution of 0.1 mm or more, regardless of the particle size of the silt / clay particle size classification. When the chemical properties of the collected volcanic ejecta were examined, Ca and SO4 were contained at high values. Since these compounds become the source of gypsum that reduces infiltration capacity when they react with water, it has become clear that they have the potential to contribute to the generation of debris-flow as a chemical property.

scholarly journals Strength characteristics of Quaternary Mix Concrete

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 2305-2308
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Silica Fume ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Strength Characteristics ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Properties Of Materials ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

By handling the cement, bagasse ash, silica fume and metakaolin as partial replacement of cement of cement a quaternary mix concrete could be achieved. Various percentages of replaced materials were considered for analysis. These three different materials consist of high amount of alumina ion and silica percentage. Use of these materials enhances the microstructure of concrete and helps to attain less permeable concrete. Physical and chemical properties of materials analyzed, and partially replaced with cement in different proportions such as HSC [5B, 10B, 15B, 20B] and HSC [5S, 10S, 15S, 20S] and HSC [5M, 10M]. The cubes of [100mm x 100mm x 100 mm] size were cast and tested. After confirming the characteristic compressive strength from cubes, optimum values (HSC 10B, HSC 15S and HSC 5M) has been taken. These values have been mixed up into three propositions (QBSM1, QBSM2 and QBSM3). Compressive strength results show that optimum percentage was found to be QBSM2 (10% SCBA+ 10% SF + 5% MK).

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