Investigation on Distribution and Habitat of National Medicine Red Ant

2013 ◽  
Vol 448-453 ◽  
pp. 19-22
Author(s):  
Fang Yi Deng ◽  
Yu Song He ◽  
Yuan Fang Li
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Cold Water ◽  
Annual Rainfall ◽  
Distribution Area ◽  
Annual Average ◽  
Average Temperature ◽  
Average Annual Rainfall ◽  
Lepidoptera Pyralidae ◽  
Annual Average Temperature ◽  
Living Area

Red Ant is a kind of national medicinal insects with important value, and is widely used as medicine in Lijiang. Its distribution and habit in Lijiang were investigated. The results showed that the insect is distributed in all the sites investigated including all districts of Lijiang. The relatively central distribution area of the insect is in Yulong and Ninglang. The suitable living area has the annual average temperature 13 to 19, average annual rainfall 750~1 100mm, average altitude 2300m. Red Ant live in the palce where full of sunshine and organic matter, such as the valley cold water terraces, the mud field ridge and the soil of pond . Its known that Red Ant can eat more than 60 kinds of food , which accounted for more than 30 species of crop pests .Its main food is the larvae of Lepidoptera Pyralidae.

Study on the Extraction of the Water Bodies from Remote Sensing Image Using ENVI Software – Applied to the River Environmental Protection in Qinzhou

2013 ◽  
Vol 416-417 ◽  
pp. 1200-1204
Author(s):  
Wei Rong Qin
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Body ◽  
Remote Sensing Image ◽  
Annual Rainfall ◽  
Remote Sensing Images ◽  
Annual Average ◽  
Average Temperature ◽  
Frost Free Period ◽  
Annual Average Temperature

In this study, the main water body of remote sensing image was extracted with the maximum likelihood algorithm of ENVI software based on Qinzhou's remote sensing images 2008 and 2011. From the remote sensing images, it was found that the area of the water body was greatly reduced, and also the water body has been polluted differently. In this paper, the urgent environmental protections of Qinzhou's main rivers are analyzed in view of the reduced water body, and also some suggestions on water body conservation are proposed. Overview of Qinzhou Qinzhou is located between V20°52 and 22°41 N, and 107°27 and 109°56 S. The total area of Qinzhou is about 10842.73 square kilometers. It is in the corner of the South China Sea, and is the core base of the north gulf economic region. Thus, it takes an absolute advantage in logistics. The national patriotism education bases for elementary and middle schools in Qinzhou are the former homes of two national heroes (Yongfu LIU, and Zicai FENG). In Qinzhou, there is a coastline of more than 520 kilometers, and many excellently natural harbors such as Qinzhou Port, Longmen Port, Shajing Port, and Siluo Port are available here. Also, there are abundant product advantages. The climate is hot. Many rivers and water reservoirs are available. Soil and plants are flourishing greatly. Since the new century, Qinzhou government as well as the governments of all counties greatly invest Qinzhou, carry out urban and rural clean engineering, urban infrastructure project construction, and agricultural preferential policies, and establish multi-form and multi-dimensional economic and technical cooperation with foreign and domestic companies, in which business is easy to process and the procedures are simple to handle. In 2013, the high-speed rail has brought a new era to Qinzhou. Qinzhou's advantages in climate conditions, rain conditions, and water resources Qinzhou is located in the subtropical zone and features a transitional marine monsoon climate. The overall terrain forms are mountains, hills, terraces plains, and coastal mud flats from northwest to southeast. From east to north, the main mountain is LIUWAN Mountain. From west to north, the main mountain is SHIWAN Mountain. The annual average temperature is 22°C; the absolute maximum temperature was 37.5°C (July 28, 1968), and the absolute lowest temperature was-1.8°C (January 12, 1955). The average annual rainfall is about 1600mm; the average sunshine period is about 1800 hours, and the frost-free period is more than 350 days. The solar radiation amount is 104.6~108.8 kilocalorie/cm2; the annual sunshine duration is 1633.6~1801.4 hours; the annual average temperature is 21.4°C~22°C; the annual total accumulated temperature is 7800°C~ 8200°C. The average frost-free period of previous years was 329~354 days. The water resources advantages of Qinzhou include humid temperature, abundant rain, and annual rainfall of 1600mm~1900mm. Major rivers include Qinjiang, Maolingjiang, Nanliujiang, and Dafengjiang, and the annual runoff is 11.728 billion cubic meters. The gross storage capacity of small, middle, and large reservoirs has reached 805 million cubic meters. Qinzhou's remote sensing image and the river remote sensing images of recent years The water yield of the main rivers in Qinzhou is abundant and falls greatly, so the hydropower resource is rich. The rivers in Qinzhou are small and medium-sized, own a large quantity of flow, and flow into the sea, but do not form drainage.

scholarly journals Contructing Climate Change Scenarios for Ho Chi Minh City

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (1S) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mai Van Khiem
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Climate Models ◽  
Global Climate Models ◽  
Ho Chi Minh City ◽  
Annual Rainfall ◽  
Climate Change Scenarios ◽  
Annual Average ◽  
Rcp Scenarios ◽  
Average Temperature ◽  
Annual Average Temperature

Abstract: This article presents the results of constructing climate change scenarios for Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC)based on the climate change scenarios of Vietnam published in 2016 by the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment. Four high- resolution regional climate models include CCAM, clWRF, PRECIS, RegCM were used to downscale results of global climate models. The results show that the annual average temperature in HCMC tends to increase in the future compared to the baseline period 1986-2005, the increase depends on each RCP scenario. By the end of the century, the annual average temperature in HCMC had an increase of about 1.7÷1.9°C under the RCP4.5 scenario and 3.2÷3.6°C under RCP8.5.Meanwhile, annual rainfall in HCMC tends to increase in most periods under both of RCP scenarios. By the end of the century, annual rainfall in HCMC increases from 15% to 25% in the RCP4.5 scenario and 20-25% in the RCP8.5 scenario. Annual rainfall in coastal areas increases more than inland areas. Keyword: Climate change scenarios, Ho Chi Minh city

Variations of Temperature in Hefei City in Recent 50 Years

2012 ◽  
Vol 616-618 ◽  
pp. 1496-1499
Author(s):  
Guo Wei Xu ◽  
Xin Tian Yuan ◽  
Shu Ling Huang ◽  
Yang Gao
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Temperature Increase ◽  
Summer Temperature ◽  
Observation Data ◽  
Annual Average ◽  
Average Temperature ◽  
Four Seasons ◽  
Temperature Observation ◽  
Significant Temperature ◽  
Annual Average Temperature

Selecting 50 years temperature observation data from1959 to 2008 and using statistical analysis, this paper revealed the characteristics of temperature variation in Hefei city. The results show that in past 50 years, the annual average temperature in Hefei city greatly increased, tendency rate of temperature change was 0.246°C/10 a, especially after 1993, the temperature increased significantly; the temperature in four seasons all increased somewhat, warming was most prominent in spring. The most significant temperature increase was in spring, winter following behind, temperature increase in autumn was not obvious, and the average summer temperature increased the most unobvious.

scholarly journals Numerical simulation of formation and preservation of Ningwu ice cave, Shanxi, China

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 2367-2395 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Yang ◽  
Y. Shi
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Heat Transfer Process ◽  
Shanxi Province ◽  
Mechanism Of Formation ◽  
Annual Average ◽  
Average Temperature ◽  
Control Factors ◽  
Tourism Resource ◽  
Ice Water ◽  
Annual Average Temperature

Abstract. Ice caves exist in locations where annual average temperature in higher than 0 °C. An example is Ningwu ice cave, Shanxi Province, the largest ice cave in China. In order to quantitatively explain the mechanism of formation and preservation of the ice cave, we use Finite Element Method to simulate the heat transfer process at this ice cave. There are two major control factors. First, there is the seasonal asymmetric heat transfer. Heat is transferred into the ice cave from outside, very inefficiently by conduction in spring, summer and fall. In winter, thermal convection occurs that transfers heat very efficiently out of the ice cave, thus cooling it down. Secondly, ice–water phase change provides a heat barrier for heat transfer into the cave in summer. The calculation also helps to evaluate effects of global warming, tourists, etc. for sustainable development of ice cave as tourism resource. In some other ice caves in China, managers installed air-tight doors at these ice caves entrance intending to "protect" these caves, but this prevent cooling down these caves in winters and these cave ices will entirely melt within tens of years.

The Coincident Relationships between the Qehan Lake Area Fluctuation and the Climate Change in the Nearly 40 Years

2011 ◽  
Vol 137 ◽  
pp. 286-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xi Chun ◽  
Mei Jie Zhang ◽  
Mei Ping Liu
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Inner Mongolia ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Annual Precipitation ◽  
Lake Area ◽  
Annual Average ◽  
Average Temperature ◽  
Changing Patterns ◽  
Annual Evaporation ◽  
Annual Average Temperature

The objective of this study is to analyse the climate changing patterns chronologically for exposing the coincident relationships between the lake area fluctuation and the climate change in Qehan lake of Abaga county of Inner Mongolia. The results show that there’s highly interrelation between the changes of the lake area and the climatic factors here, the annual average temperature and annual evaporation are negatively interrelate to the lake area fluctuation, and the annual precipitation interrelate to it is positive. The lake area has descended about 75 km2 during the nearly past 40 years. There were about two considerable lake expansions in 1973, 1998 through the generally lake area descending process.

scholarly journals Effects of solar activity and galactic cosmic ray cycles on the modulation of the annual average temperature at two sites in southern Brazil

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 555-564 ◽  
Author(s):  
Everton Frigo ◽  
Francesco Antonelli ◽  
Djeniffer S. S. da Silva ◽  
Pedro C. M. Lima ◽  
Igor I. G. Pacca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Activity ◽  
Cosmic Rays ◽  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
Galactic Cosmic Rays ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Solar Cycles ◽  
Annual Average ◽  
Average Temperature ◽  
Weather Stations ◽  
Annual Average Temperature

Abstract. Quasi-periodic variations in solar activity and galactic cosmic rays (GCRs) on decadal and bidecadal timescales have been suggested as a climate forcing mechanism for many regions on Earth. One of these regions is southern Brazil, where the lowest values during the last century were observed for the total geomagnetic field intensity at the Earth's surface. These low values are due to the passage of the center of the South Atlantic Magnetic Anomaly (SAMA), which crosses the Brazilian territory from east to west following a latitude of ∼ 26∘. In areas with low geomagnetic intensity, such as the SAMA, the incidence of GCRs is increased. Consequently, possible climatic effects related to the GCRs tend to be maximized in this region. In this work, we investigate the relationship between the ∼ 11-year and ∼ 22-year cycles that are related to solar activity and GCRs and the annual average temperature recorded between 1936 and 2014 at two weather stations, both located near a latitude of 26∘ S but at different longitudes. The first of these stations (Torres – TOR) is located in the coastal region, and the other (Iraí – IRA) is located in the interior, around 450 km from the Atlantic Ocean. Sunspot data and the solar modulation potential for cosmic rays were used as proxies for the solar activity and the GCRs, respectively. Our investigation of the influence of decadal and bidecadal cycles in temperature data was carried out using the wavelet transform coherence (WTC) spectrum. The results indicate that periodicities of 11 years may have continuously modulated the climate at TOR via a nonlinear mechanism, while at IRA, the effects of this 11-year modulation period were intermittent. Four temperature maxima, separated by around 20 years, were detected in the same years at both weather stations. These temperature maxima are almost coincident with the maxima of the odd solar cycles. Furthermore, these maxima occur after transitions from even to odd solar cycles, that is, after some years of intense GCR flux. The obtained results offer indirect mathematical evidence that solar activity and GCR variations contributed to climatic changes in southern Brazil during the last century. A comparison of the results obtained for the two weather stations indicates that the SAMA also contributes indirectly to these temperature variations. The contribution of other mechanisms also related to solar activity cannot be excluded. Keywords. Meteorology and atmospheric dynamics (climatology)

Feasibility Assessment for ORC Generation System Development Using Low Temperature Geothermal Water

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seonghee Kho ◽  
Jayoung Ki ◽  
Myoungcheol Kang
Keyword(s):  
Hot Springs ◽  
System Development ◽  
Exceptional Case ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Geothermal Water ◽  
Operational Environment ◽  
Generation System ◽  
Annual Average ◽  
Average Temperature ◽  
Annual Average Temperature

Since around 70°C of geothermal water exists in Seokmo-do of Republic of Korea, this study is to assess the feasibility of electricity generation by utilizing ORC system, and the pertinent economic impact. It is generally believed that economic feasibility can be secured only when the source of geothermal water is above 100°C in order to generate electricity by operating ORC system. However, there was an exceptional case that ORC system was commercialized by Pratt-Whitney for around 70 °C of geothermal water in the hot springs of Chena, Alaska. The annual average temperature in the hot springs of Chena, Alaska is approximately 1°C whereas that of Seokmo-do is around 11°C, which makes 10°C of annual average temperature difference in operational environment between the two. Thus, the 2 phases of absorption refrigerating machine is considered for the ORC generation system. With establishing ORC system in consideration of operational environment, the feasibility of the development of ORC system in Seokmo-do is assessed by performance analysis and economic feasibility. As a result of the assessment, it is identified that the economic feasibility can be secured if the price of electricity is over $0.42/kWh same as that of photovoltaic generation as an incentive of the RPS program granted by the Korean government.

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF TEMPERATURE AND ALTITUDE ON THE EXPANSION OF COFFEE CROPS IN MATAS DE MINAS, BRAZIL

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 157-165
Author(s):  
Karine Rabelo Oliveira ◽  
Williams Pinto Marques Ferreira ◽  
Humberto Paiva Fonseca ◽  
Cecília Fátima Souza
Keyword(s):  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Growth Potential ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Annual Average ◽  
Jackknife Test ◽  
Average Temperature ◽  
Annual Minimum Temperature ◽  
Precipitation Seasonality ◽  
Omission Rate ◽  
Annual Average Temperature

Coffee is among the most significant products in Brazil. Minas Gerais is the largest state producer of Arabica coffee. Coffee activity has excellent growth potential, which justifies the identification of new areas for expansion of the culture. This study aimed to determine factors that affect the spatial distribution of coffee plantations the most, as well as to identify areas with a greater aptitude for its expansion in the region of the Matas de Minas (63 municipalities). The MaxEnt software was used to elaborate a model capable of describing the area with the highest potential for estimating the probability of coffee adequacy. The elaboration of the model considered the records of occurrence, climatic and topographic variables of Matas de Minas, the second largest state producing region. The area under the curve (AUC), the omission rate and the Jackknife test were used for validation and analysis of the model. The model was accurate with an AUC of 0.816 and omission rate of 0.54% for the ‘test’. It was identified that the potential distribution of coffee in Matas de Minas is determined by changes in the annual maximum temperature, although it did not generate a significant gain when omitted, accounting for a considerable loss in the model. However, the most influential variables on the delineation of distribution were, the altitude and the annual average temperature. The most favorable areas for expansion of coffee culture in the Matas de Minas were found in the vicinity of the region of Alto Caparaó.Abbreviations used: A1 (altitude); A2 (maximum annual temperature); A3 (annual minimum temperature); BIO 1 (annual average temperature 1); BIO 4 (temperature seasonality), BIO 12 (annual precipitation); BIO 15 (precipitation seasonality); csv (comma-separated values); AUC (area under the curve).

scholarly journals Catálogo florístico del Macizo de Líbar (Parques Naturales Sierra de Grazalema y Los Alcornocales, Málaga-Cádiz, España).

2007 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 161-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuel Becerra Parra ◽  
Estrella Robles Domínguez
Keyword(s):  
Red List ◽  
Nerium Oleander ◽  
Mountainous Area ◽  
Annual Average ◽  
Average Temperature ◽  
Natural Parks ◽  
Fraxinus Angustifolia ◽  
Annual Average Temperature ◽  
Quercus Rotundifolia ◽  
Península Ibérica

RESUMEN. Catálogo florístico del macizo de Líbar (Parques Naturales Sierra de Grazalema y losAlconocales, Málaga-Cádiz, España). El Macizo de Líbar es uno de los conjuntos montañosos másimportantes de la Serranía de Ronda y Andalucía Occidental. Su principal característica orográficaes la presencia de dos alineaciones montañosas que encierran una gran depresión intramontañosadenominada genéricamente los Llanos de Líbar. La vegetación dominante en los terrenos de naturalezacaliza la constituye el encinar, mientras que el alcornocal lo es de aquellas zonas donde afloran lasareniscas del Aljibe. A estas formaciones vegetales se suman otras como los quejigales, acebuchales,algarrobales, fresnedas, olmedas, adelfares y diversas formaciones de matorral. La climatología quedamarcada por ser una de las zonas con mayor precipitación de la Península Ibérica y por unastemperaturas bastante suaves durante todo el año, aunque en las zonas más altas la media anual seaproxima a los 10 ºC. Para llevar a cabo el estudio florístico del Macizo de Líbar se han realizadorecolecciones durante cinco años, en las que se ha pretendido herborizar la mayor parte del macizo,además de una revisión bibliográfica y consultas de los pliegos depositados en herbarios. El catálogoflorístico del Macizo de Líbar está formado por 826 taxones. De estos, 128 son endemismos, repartidosen endemismos ibéricos, ibero-mauritanos, bético, béticos-mauritanos, y rondeños. Son endemismosRondeños Linaria platycalyx, Reseda gayana subsp. undata, Saxifraga bourgeana, entre otros. Treceespecies están protegidas según la Ley de Flora y Fauna Silvestres de Andalucía y 32 taxones estánincluidos en la lista Roja de la Flora Vascular de Andalucía.Palabras claves. Flora, Catálogo, Macizo de Líbar, Sierra de Grazalema, Los Alcornocales, Málaga,Cádiz.ABSTRACT. Floristic catalogue of the Macizo of Libar (Natural Parks of Sierra de Grazalema andLos Alcornocales. Malaga-Cadiz, Spain). The Mountain of Líbar is one of the most important rangesof the mountainous area of Ronda and Western Andalusia. Its main orographic characteristic is thepresence of two mountainous alignments that delimit a great intramountainous depression denominatedLlanos de Líbar. The Quercus rotundifolia wood is the main vegetation in limestone lands, whereasthe Q. suber forest is dominant in sandstone zones. Other plants communities present in this area aredominated by Q. faginea, Olea europaea, Ceratonia siliqua, Fraxinus angustifolia, Ulmus minor,Nerium oleander and other shrublands. This is one of the zones with highest rainfall in the IberianPeninsula and with mild temperatures, although in the summits, the annual average temperature, decreases near 10 ºC. In order to carry out the botanical study, samplings have been made during fiveyears, in addition to a bibliographical revision and review of biodiversity databases. The botanicalcatalogue of Líbar is composed by 826 species, 128 are endemic species with different distributionarea. Linaria platycalyx, Reseda gayana subsp. undata or Saxifraga bourgeana are endemic from thearea of Ronda. 13 species are protected according to the Law of Wild Flora and Fauna of Andalusiaand 32 species are included in the plants Red List of Andalusia.Key words. Flora, Catalogue, Macizo de Líbar, Sierra de Grazalema, Los Alcornocales, Málaga,Cádiz.

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