Kinetics of Radiation-Induced Graft Copolymerization of Vinylbenzyl Chloride onto Nylon Fibers

2015 ◽  
Vol 719-720 ◽  
pp. 63-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.M. Ting ◽  
Mohamed Mahmoud Nasef ◽  
Kamaruddin Hashim
Keyword(s):  
Activation Energy ◽  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Graft Copolymerization ◽  
Monomer Concentration ◽  
Absorbed Dose ◽  
Nylon 6 ◽  
Kinetic Rate ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Kinetics Of

The graft copolymerization of vinylbenzyl chloride (VBC) onto nylon-6 fiber was investigated by the pre-irradiation method using electron beam. The effects of grafting parameters, monomer concentration, absorbed dose and reaction temperature were investigated. The empirical kinetic rate equation dGo/dt=k[M]^0.86*[D]^1.06 was used to describe grafting of VBC onto nylon-6. The overall activation energy for graft copolymerization of VBC was found to be 22.6 kJ/mol. The results revealed that the grafting kinetic was controlled by the amounts of trapped radicals and monomer molecules. Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) was used to provide evidence for the formation of grafted copolymers.

A Study on the Graft-Copolymerization of 2-Acryloyloxyethyl Acid Phosphate onto Natural Rubber

2013 ◽  
Vol 844 ◽  
pp. 377-380
Author(s):  
Chadchai Sorarutayangkoor ◽  
Jirapong Boonyasiri ◽  
Jitladda Sakdapipanich
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Graft Copolymerization ◽  
Monomer Concentration ◽  
Agricultural Product ◽  
Acid Phosphate ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Heat Build Up

Nowadays, natural rubber (NR) is one of the most important agricultural product of Thailand, which is an important substance with special characteristics such as mechanical properties, excellent strength, and low heat build-up. However, NR is non-polarity that limited its application in industry. To expand the use of NR, this research is interested to improve the polarity of NR by grafting NR with 2-acryloyloxyethyl acid phosphate (P-1A(N)) monomer. The influences of the monomer concentration, dry rubber concentration (DRC) and reaction time were investigated. The best condition of the graft co-polymerization was 10% DRC, 20 phr of monomer and 3h of reaction time. NR was successfully grafted with P-1A(N) monomer by using this condition. It can be confirmed by Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR).

Effect of ionizing radiation on the kinetics of hydrogenation on the Ni-MgO mixed catalyst

1982 ◽  
Vol 47 (7) ◽  
pp. 1780-1786 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rostislav Kudláček ◽  
Jan Lokoč
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Activation Energy ◽  
Liquid Phase ◽  
Ionizing Radiation ◽  
Oxide Catalyst ◽  
Absorbed Dose ◽  
Hydrogenation Rate ◽  
Solution Composition ◽  
Mixed Catalyst ◽  
Kinetics Of

The effect of gamma pre-irradiation of the mixed nickel-magnesium oxide catalyst on the kinetics of hydrogenation of maleic acid in the liquid phase has been studied. The changes of the hydrogenation rate are compared with the changes of the adsorbed amount of the acid and with the changes of the solution composition, activation energy, and absorbed dose of the ionizing radiation. From this comparison and from the interpretation of the experimental data it can be deduced that two types of centers can be distinguished on the surface of the catalyst under study, namely the sorption centres for the acid and hydrogen and the reaction centres.

Investigation of the Radiation-Induced Signal of Electron Paramagnetic Resonance of Eggshell after Irradiation with Electron Beams

ANRI ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (2) ◽  
pp. 75-84
Author(s):  
Anastasia Chumanova ◽  
Ruslan Vazirov ◽  
Sergey Sokovnin ◽  
Ekaterina Agdantseva ◽  
Anton Tsmokalyuk
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Absorbed Dose ◽  
Radiation Processing ◽  
Paramagnetic Resonance ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Epr Signal ◽  
Induced Signal ◽  
Chicken Eggs ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Over Time

Because of the development of radiation processing of food and agricultural products it requires new methods of control over the processing and turnover of products. A promising method for monitoring is EPR spectrometry. This research presents the results of a study of the radiation induced EPR signal in eggshells. The URT-0.5 (0.5 MeV) and UALR-10-10 S2 (10 MeV) accelerators were used for irradiation. It shows the kinetics of radicals over time. The dependences of the EPR signal intensity on the absorbed dose were obtained, and a comparative analysis of the irradiation of chicken eggs with different energies was performed. The kinetics of radicals over time and the dependence of the intensity of the EPR signal on the absorbed dose are shown. A comparative analysis of the irradiation of chicken eggs with different energies is carried out.

Effect of Pd Nanoparticle on the Thermal Degradation Kinetics of Nylon 6/Pd Nanocomposite Prepared by a Dry Process

2012 ◽  
Vol 486 ◽  
pp. 27-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jae Young Lee ◽  
Sung Wan Hong ◽  
Kyeong Sik Han ◽  
Taeck Hong Lee ◽  
Hong Ki Lee
Keyword(s):  
Activation Energy ◽  
Thermal Degradation ◽  
Degradation Kinetics ◽  
Pd Nanoparticles ◽  
Nylon 6 ◽  
Thermal Degradation Kinetics ◽  
Heating Rates ◽  
Dry Process ◽  
Effect Of Pd ◽  
Kinetics Of

Palladium (Pd) nanoparticles were incorporated into a nylon 6 film via a dry process which consisted of simultaneous vaporization, penetration and reduction processes of palladium (II) bis (acetylacetonate, Pd (acac)2) at 180°C for various exposure time. The even dispersion of the generated Pd nanoparticles were observed by transmission electron microscope (TEM) and the Pd loading weight of about 15~43 wt% was measured by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). In order to study the catalytic effect of Pd nanoparticles on the thermal degradation kinetics of nylon 6, TGA data at various heating rates were introduced to Flynn & Wall equation. The thermal degradation activation energy for neat nylon 6 was ca. 162~178 kJ/mol over the thermal degradation fraction of 0.05~0.40 while that of the nylon 6/Pd (26.5 wt%) nanocomposite was ca. 110~169 kJ/mol over the same fraction range. It meant the Pd nanoparticles were acted as a catalyst on the depolymerization of amide group in nylon 6. It was also found that the activation energy decreased slightly with the increasing Pd loading weight.

Kinetics of hydrogen extraction and deuteration in grossular

2005 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 359-371 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Kurka ◽  
M. Blanchard ◽  
J. Ingrin
Keyword(s):  
Activation Energy ◽  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Diffusion Coefficients ◽  
Ambient Pressure ◽  
Mantle Xenoliths ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Oh Defects ◽  
Homogeneous Composition ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Annealing Experiments

AbstractThe kinetics of hydrogen mobility in grossular with a chemically homogeneous composition of Gr83.2 And14.3 Py2.2 were studied by sequential annealing experiments monitored by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Slices of single crystals <0.5 mm thick were annealed at temperatures in the range 1073–1323 K at ambient pressure in air and in gas mixtures of Ar(90%)/D2(10%) and Ar(90%)/H2(10%). The change of total infrared (IR) absorbance in the OH-stretching region (3700–3500 cm–1) and the OD-stretching region (2750–2580 cm–1) was used to calculate the diffusion coefficients. The law for diffusion of deuterium is given by D = D0 exp[–102±45 kJ mol–1/ RT] with log D0 (m2/s) = –7.6. For hydrogen extraction in air the diffusion law is expressed by D = D0 exp[–323±46 kJ mol–1/RT] with log D0 (m2/s) = 1.0. This activation energy agrees with the values found for Dora Maira pyrope and for other pyropes from mantle xenoliths, but the diffusivity is slower for the grossular. A detailed investigation of the decrease in individual OH bands during hydrogen extraction in air revealed two different kinds of kinetics behaviour, suggesting that at least two different types of OH defects are present in this grossular.

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